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Decisive battle to win the battle against poverty, we have to gnaw at the hard bone of deep poverty-stricken areas. How difficult is it now in deep poverty-stricken areas? How effective are these areas in tackling poverty?
The reporter’s investigation found that behind every position to get rid of poverty and every road to get rich, it is inseparable from the concerted efforts of many parties — — The government should strengthen its efforts, and one cannot be less on the road to a well-off society in an all-round way; With the help of enterprises, contract agriculture drives the masses to get rich; Personal efforts, poor households improve their labor skills to achieve sustained income increase.
In 2019, the central government’s special poverty alleviation funds increased by 20 billion yuan, an increase of 18.85%, and the support was further increased. Real money, hard work, decisive battle to win the fight against poverty is sprinting.
Recently, the Ministry of Finance allocated 35.117 billion yuan of special poverty alleviation funds from the central government, plus 90.978 billion yuan released in advance in October 2018. In 2019, all special poverty alleviation funds from the central government have been released, totaling 126.095 billion yuan.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Agriculture Department of the Ministry of Finance, the special poverty alleviation fund of the central government in 2019 increased by 20 billion yuan or 18.85% compared with the same caliber in 2018. Incremental funds are mainly used for poverty alleviation in deep poverty-stricken areas. While supporting the "three districts and three states", we will focus on increasing investment in deep poverty-stricken areas with a large number of poor people, high incidence of poverty and difficulty in poverty alleviation outside the "three districts and three states".
How difficult is the deep poverty area? How effective are these areas in tackling poverty? What other areas need to be strengthened? Recently, the reporter went to Yunnan for an investigation and interview.
Government’s efforts: one cannot be less on the road to a comprehensive well-off society
On the newly repaired Panshan Road, the off-road vehicle is in a snake. When a vehicle turns over a mountain, it needs to go from the foot plate to the mountainside, and then from the mountainside to the foot of another mountain. It is said that "the mountain road has eighteen bends", and the road has been ups and downs, and there are more than 80 bends around. The car finally entered Lama Village in Songping Country, Yongsheng County, Lijiang City, deep in the mountains.
The mountain village deep in the mountains of Yunnan has subverted people’s traditional concept of "village". In Xialama village, it takes more than two hours to drive. There are 373 villagers in the village distributed in three altitude zones, high, middle and low, with the highest elevation close to 3000 meters. Among the villagers, there are 269 poor households with 949 people who have set up files. The deep poverty over the years has been overwhelming, and the village is out of breath.
Seeing the villagers’ group in Yak Village in Yongsheng County, the reporter did not see the yak, but saw the newly renovated wooden shack and planting shed.
There are 117 households with 375 people in this village group, all of whom are Naxi people, living at an altitude of 2750— On the mountain of 2950 meters. There are 117 well-dry wooden houses preserved here, which were listed as key cultural relics protection units in Lijiang in 2012 and as national traditional villages in November 2014.
Villagers who are used to living in the mountains are reluctant to move, and traditional villages need to stay. For this deeply poor village, where is the way to get rid of poverty on the spot? With the help of the Ministry of Finance, the idea of strengthening industry to promote poverty alleviation has gradually become clear.
"Look at the villagers’ group in Yak Village with high altitude and low temperature, which is especially suitable for planting off-season Morchella." Tan Jianmei, secretary of the Party Committee of Songping Township, said that the picking season for naturally growing Morchella is from November of each year to April of the following year. The artificially planted anti-season Morchella is exactly 6-mdash; It went public in October, which filled the vacancy in the market.
Now, the village has set aside 30 mu of land for planting greenhouses. There are many fungus sticks in the greenhouses, many of which have grown hyphae. "If this is successful, an acre of land can earn 10,000 yuan, and we will expand planting." Tan Jianmei said.
In addition to planting cash crops, Xialama Village also established Yongsheng Super-source Breeding Cooperative, investing 2 million yuan to build a new farm and raise 84 beef cattle. As a collective economy, aquaculture cooperatives will cover all poor households in the village with annual income dividends.
Tan Jianmei introduced that at the end of 2018, there were 234 migrant workers in the village, including 160 poor households with established cards, with an average annual income of 4,500 yuan/person. Through the transfer of labor employment, the income of poor households who set up files and set up cards increased by 720 thousand yuan. "Songping Township has also set up public welfare posts for poor households, including ecological forest rangers and cleaning staff. One can’t be less on the road to a comprehensive well-off society. "
Enterprise assistance: order agriculture drives the masses to get rich
After realizing the "two guarantees and three guarantees", how to make the poor people "get rich" is a more arduous task. In the position of getting rid of poverty, almost all enterprises can be seen behind every road to prosperity.
Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County was once one of 88 poverty-stricken counties in Yunnan Province. More than half of the 52,400 poverty-stricken people in the county who have set up files and established cards are poor because of lack of skills. Luo Jinghua, secretary of the county party Committee, said that in order to stimulate the concerted efforts of all sectors of society to participate in poverty alleviation, Jinggu County introduced an industrial support policy, giving each household a 5,000 yuan industrial development support fund, and each household can apply for a financial discount financial loan within 50,000 yuan. There are 19 leading enterprises, 257 professional cooperatives and 43 home appliance companies in the county to participate in industrial poverty alleviation, which has achieved remarkable results. In April this year, the People’s Government of Yunnan Province officially approved Jinggu to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.
Yunjinglin Paper Co., Ltd. is a large state-owned enterprise in Jinggu. This enterprise regards the raw material forest base as the "first workshop" and adopts the mode of "company+farmer+base" to cooperate with farmers to develop planting. From fast-growing forest planting to processing and papermaking, the company is responsible for technical guidance, and farmers can also come to the enterprise to work and get a salary while getting the planting income. Driven by high-efficiency forestry and contract forestry, 3,571 poor households in the county totaled 12,800 people, achieving poverty alleviation.
Xiangyan Village in Weiyuan Town is one of 40 deep poverty villages in Jinggu County. At present, 121 households in the village have set up a file to set up a card account, and all of them have established an interest linkage mechanism with enterprises, which has realized the support of projects that can get rid of poverty in the short term and get rich in the long term. The number of poor people in the village decreased from 433 in 2014 to 31 in 2018, and the living standards of the people improved significantly.
"Our family has planted 50 mu of fast-growing forests and 12 mu of sugar cane, and raised more than a dozen pigs, with an annual income of more than 28,000 yuan. Now, the eldest son has been admitted to a graduate school, and the younger son is studying auto repair in a vocational and technical school. The days are getting better and better. " Li Xiutang, a Dai villager who just moved into a new house, said.
In Ya ‘e Village, Yongsheng County, a sea of roses by the lake is particularly eye-catching. This is the 170-mu edible rose base of Ba ‘e Fumei specialized cooperative. As a village collective economy, the cooperative develops contract agriculture hand in hand with enterprises. Roses in the base can be harvested all year round. Lijiang Chenghai Qinxiang Rose Manor Co., Ltd. and Lijiang Zhongyuan Green Food Co., Ltd. provide technical support and purchase at a protective price. 58 households in the village have set up a cooperative for poor households in Lika to participate in the base planting and enjoy dividends.
"Yongsheng County has the most suitable light and heat resources, fertile soil and good water conservancy infrastructure, which is very suitable for developing soft-seeded pomegranate bases." Wei Gaoming, deputy secretary of Yongsheng County Committee, said that the county is building a modern soft-seeded pomegranate industrial park and will cooperate with Alibaba to promote Yongsheng soft-seeded pomegranate brand to the whole country.
Personal efforts: improving labor skills and increasing income continuously.
For poor households, the role of the government and enterprises is to help, and it is necessary to rely on their own efforts to really get rid of poverty.
In Taoyuan Town, Yongsheng County, an advertisement for a garment processing factory in Jin Lu, Shaanxi Province attracted many young people in the town, and hundreds of people came to the recruitment site at once.
In order to solve the employment problem of poor people, under the coordination of the designated poverty alleviation task force of the Ministry of Finance in Yongsheng County, Taoyuan Town introduced Shaanxi Jin Lu Garment Co., Ltd. and planned to build a garment factory with a total investment of 30 million yuan to create employment opportunities for poor people at home. To enter Jin Lu Clothing Company, you need to pass the training first, and then sign a labor employment agreement. Many young Lisu people signed up enthusiastically, and after lunch, they learned cutting and sewing techniques in the training workshop. Taoyuan Town also held a professional sewing training class in the county vocational high school. Fifty-nine students from poor households who set up a file and set up a card participated in the training, and initially mastered certain skills.
"Whether it is order agriculture or processing industry, farmers need to have certain skills. In recent years, Jinggu County has held 847 employment training sessions, focusing on grain production, cash crops, animal husbandry and e-commerce. There were 34,700 registered households who participated in the training, which laid a solid foundation for the poor people to get rid of poverty and get rich and realize the transfer of rural labor. " Luo Jinghua said.