分类： zudao

　　The national instrument "goes home"

　　China News Weekly reporter/Huang Xiaoguang

　　Published in China Newsweek, No.918, September 30, 2019.

　　On September 17th, the "Achievements Exhibition of the Return of Lost Cultural Relics in the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of New China" hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and National Cultural Heritage Administration opened in the National Museum.

　　On September 17th, "The Road to Return — — At the scene of the exhibition on the return of lost cultural relics in the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China, Zeng Boke’s father bronze assembly attracted much attention. Photography/China News Weekly reporter Huang Xiaoguang

　　This is a "wandering" party that travels through time and space.

　　From the Yongle Dadian and the Yihetuan flag returned by the Soviet Union and the Democratic Republic of Germany in the early days of the founding of New China, the painted relief warrior stone carvings and the Buddha statues in Longmen Grottoes returned in the early days of the new century, to the successful pursuit of the dish square, the Dengyu stone pagoda and the bronze tiger &hellip in recent years; … The exhibition tells the story of 25 cultural relics drifting and returning home.

　　Among them, Zeng Boke’s father bronze assembler, who returned from Japan in August this year, came to the finale to present the first show for the public after the reunification.

　　Guan Qiang, deputy director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, said that the bronze assembly of Zeng Boke’s father is a group of cultural relics with the highest value that China has successfully stopped illegal cultural relics trading in the international cultural relics market in recent years. The return of these cultural relics has contributed a new practical case for the recovery of international lost cultural relics, which is of great pioneering significance.

　　Fake "old collection of the Republic of China"

　　There are eight pieces in six categories, namely, Ding, Gui, Hu, Wei and Zhong, each of which is engraved with an inscription that descendants praise the virtues of their ancestors in order to protect generations.

　　This is a group of bronzes cast in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, and the owner is a senior aristocrat of Zeng State, "Burke’s father Lou". At the end of February this year, the Central Auction Company in Tokyo, Japan revealed in an auction message that the inscriptions of this group of bronzes totaled 330 words, which "played an extremely important role in calligraphy art and bronze academic research".

　　The number of inscriptions indicates the status of the owner of the utensil, which in turn determines the value level of the utensil. The reference valuation provided by Tokyo Central Auction Company ranges from 4.8 million yuan to 7.2 million yuan. Domestic media reported that the value of this group of cultural relics reached several hundred million yuan.

　　For Zhang Changping, a professor at the School of History of Wuhan University and an expert in bronze ware research, the academic value of Zeng Boke’s bronze assembly is more important. "In the past, there was no document that clearly recorded what Zeng State was, but our understanding of the history of Zeng State obtained through archaeology was not inferior to that of some big countries such as Chu State and even Qin State." Zhang Changping told China Newsweek that the appearance of "historical fragments", including Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly, helped to piece together the historical context of Zeng Guo.

　　At the beginning of this year, Zhang Changping first saw the auction catalogue of Tokyo Central Auction Company. He and other cultural relics experts found that this group of bronzes was covered with blue rust, which was the same color as that of Zeng bronzes unearthed in Wenfeng Tower in Suizhou, Hubei Province, Guojiamiao in Zaoyang and Sujialong in Jingshan in recent years, so they speculated that it was illegally smuggled out of the country.

　　However, the Tokyo Central Auction Company provides a version of the life story of "the old collection of the Republic of China": "After complicated research by experts, it is Ke Xinnong’s close friend, and Xiao Zhenying, a modern celebrity, moved to Ke Xinnong’s office in Xi ‘an to escape the war." In order to prove the authenticity of the "transfer to Tibet", the company attached a letter exchange between the two.

　　In this regard, a domestic scholar examined and compared Xiao Zhenying’s calligraphy in the newspapers and periodicals of the Republic of China, and found that it was very different from the writing of the word "Ying" in the above-mentioned letters, and the stationery was not from the Republic of China.

　　"This is a forged letter of the Republic of China, and we can prove that this group of bronzes appeared in Shanghai in 2014." Guan Qiang, deputy director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, told China Newsweek. It is confirmed by research that the bronze assembly of Zeng Boke’s father was not collected in the old Republic of China, but was unearthed from the tombs of Zeng Guo’s high-ranking nobles in Suizhou, Hubei Province in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and the excavation time was nearly 20 years.

　　On March 6th, National Cultural Heritage Administration further verified that the 21 national cultural relics entry-exit audit management offices had not gone through the exit formalities for this batch of bronze assemblies, which were illegally exported to Japan after 2014.

　　According to the plan of Tokyo Central Auction Company, this set of bronzes will be auctioned at Tokyo Dome Hotel on the evening of March 12th. Time is urgent, although the evidence involved in the theft and smuggling has yet to be investigated, but the evidence of illegal export is more conclusive, National Cultural Heritage Administration decided to start the recourse work immediately.

　　On March 7th, National Cultural Heritage Administration and the Ministry of Public Security jointly agreed to pursue the case through diplomatic efforts and criminal investigation. The next day, the Shanghai public security organ found out that Zhou, the entrusted auctioneer and actual holder of Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly, was suspected of a major crime and formally put on file for investigation.

　　On the other hand, National Cultural Heritage Administration informed the Japanese Embassy in China about the lost cultural relics and provided relevant evidence, demanding that Japan "take all necessary measures to carry out relevant work and assist China to properly solve the problem of returning this batch of bronze assemblies".

　　Go to Japan to identify the authenticity

　　On March 9th, under the joint promotion of diplomatic means and criminal investigation, Tokyo Central Auction Company issued a statement in official website: "The auction of Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly in the late Western Zhou Dynasty involved a family inheritance dispute and decided to suspend the auction."

　　China Newsweek noted that there are precedents for similar suspension. In October 2016, Yokohama International Auction Co., Ltd. originally planned to auction several pieces of cultural relics lost in China, but National Cultural Heritage Administration sent a letter to stop it. This is the first time that National Cultural Heritage Administration has successfully stopped the auction of cultural relics lost from overseas China.

　　"The cultural relics department can stop the auction company, provided that there are sufficient reasons to prove that Zeng Boke’s father bronze assembly is a newly unearthed lost cultural relic." Zhang Changping said that the legal basis corresponding to this premise is the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illegal Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property adopted by UNESCO in 1970. It stipulates that "the import, export or transfer of ownership of cultural property caused by violation of this Convention is illegal" and "States parties have the obligation to promote the return of lost cultural relics to their countries of origin".

　　Relying on legal means to recover lost cultural relics involves not only grasping the process of cultural relics loss and key evidence, but also the understanding, compliance and enforcement of international law by different countries. According to Zhang Changping, "it is not that cultural relics can be brought back smoothly if they are confirmed to have left the country illegally."

　　While China was negotiating with Japan about the recourse of Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly, China ushered in the largest round of return of lost cultural relics in the past two decades — — On March 23rd, Italy returned 796 cultural relics to China. This batch of cultural relics was seized by the Italian cultural relics gendarmerie in 2007, and has since experienced a judicial trial in a foreign land for 10 years. National Cultural Heritage Administration has organized investigation and research for many times, and provided detailed cultural relics appraisal opinions and legal basis reports for Italy. At the beginning of this year, the Italian court made a final judgment to return this batch of cultural relics to China.

　　In contrast, this recourse only takes about half a year. However, witness Zhang Changping told China Newsweek that although the auction was stopped in March and the situation was initially controlled, the recourse process was still tortuous.

　　Earlier, the media reported that after the auction was suspended, in order to prevent the second loss of cultural relics, the Chinese Embassy in Japan and the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs met with the person in charge of the auction company in Tokyo to persuade them to cooperate with the Chinese and Japanese governments to control cultural relics. On the basis of investigation, the public security organs in Shanghai continued to persuade the cultural relic holder Zhou to turn over the cultural relics. Zhou finally agreed to hand over the cultural relics to the state and cooperate with the public security organs in the investigation.

　　As for the specific details of the recourse, the staff of National Cultural Heritage Administration said that it is not convenient to disclose it for the time being because the case is still under investigation.

　　In late August, the recourse came to an end. Zhang Changping and another bronze expert flew to Japan at the invitation of National Cultural Heritage Administration to conduct on-site appraisal of Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly.

　　This plot is similar to the online drama Antique close encounter of mahjong. In the play, the Japanese side offered to return the stolen jade Buddha head of Zetianmingtang, and the China Antique Appraisal Team was ordered to go to Japan to appraise the authenticity of the Buddha head. Zhang Changping told China Newsweek that the reality is more complicated than the fictional plot. "When we were in the past, bronzes were still in the auction company."

　　On the morning of August 20th, the auction company sent the bronze assembly of Zeng Boke’s father to the Chinese Embassy in Japan. The joint working group sent by National Cultural Heritage Administration and the Ministry of Public Security, witnessed by representatives of the Japanese Embassy in Japan and the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, completed the physical identification and acceptance of this set of bronzes.

　　The first show after the reunification

　　After receiving, National Cultural Heritage Administration quickly completed the exit formalities in Japan, arrived in Beijing on August 23rd with the cultural relics escorted by a starry night, and put them into storage safely in the early morning of the next day. Zhou, the cultural relic holder, returned to China with the working group of the public security organs to cooperate with the investigation.

　　"All the people involved in this recourse are very excited!" Zhang Changping said, "It was not until the moment we got off the plane that we felt practical and the cultural relics finally returned successfully."

　　After the reunification, National Cultural Heritage Administration organized the National Appraisal Committee and experts and scholars in related fields to conduct a second "physical examination" and concluded: "The objects of Zeng Boke’s father are unprecedented in archaeology at present, which has important academic value for studying the history and culture of the Spring and Autumn Period, the patriarchal clan system of Zeng Guo and the dating and casting technology of bronzes."

　　Finally, Zeng Boke’s father bronze assembly was identified as a national first-class cultural relic.

　　Zhang Changping believes that the success of this pursuit is not only based on strong evidence and legal basis, but also a feat that can only be completed after the national strength is strong. "This also has a deterrent effect on other smuggling activities. If there are more cultural relics illegally flowing to Japan, we can use this as a precedent to recover. "

　　On September 17th, the "Exhibition on the Return of Lost Cultural Relics in the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of New China" opened in the National Museum. This exhibition is the first panoramic presentation of the achievements in the recovery and return of lost cultural relics in China.

　　According to National Cultural Heritage Administration, since the founding of New China, more than 300 batches and 150,000 overseas China cultural relics have been returned through law enforcement cooperation, judicial proceedings, negotiation and donation, and rescue collection. In this exhibition, National Cultural Heritage Administration selected 25 representative regression cases. Among them, Zeng Boke’s father’s bronze assembly device came out as the 25th case finale, presenting the first show for the public after the reunification.

　　More than 600 cultural relics involved in 25 cases are just the tip of the iceberg. According to the statistics of China Cultural Relics Society, since the Opium War in 1840, more than 10 million pieces of China cultural relics have been lost to Europe, America, Japan and Southeast Asian countries and regions. To this end, National Cultural Heritage Administration launched the information release platform of stolen (lost) cultural relics in China in 2017, providing a basis for recovering stolen cultural relics and overseas cultural relics.

　　Guan Qiang, deputy director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, told China Newsweek that the lost cultural relics are being sorted out and analyzed, and different recourse measures will be taken for cases lost in different years and for different reasons in the future.

　　In the opinion of the experts interviewed, it is more urgent to block the source of loss than to pursue it. "The loss caused by the theft of cultural relics will be far greater than the little we get back, and the cost of strengthening the protection of cultural relics will be far lower than the cost of recourse."

　　"One lesson is that we should do a good job in the protection of cultural relics and avoid more looting and loss." Zhang Changping said.

Cctv newsAccording to the "Beijing Release" WeChat WeChat official account news, on May 26th, the announcement of supplementary recruitment of civil servants in 2023 by Beijing authorities at all levels was released. The full text is as follows:

According to the work arrangement for the recruitment of civil servants in the 2023 annual examination of organs at all levels in Beijing, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Civil Servants will organize and implement the supplementary recruitment of civil servants at all levels in Beijing in 2023. The relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

First, the conditions and requirements for applying for the exam

In addition to meeting the conditions stipulated in the Announcement on Recruitment of Civil Servants for the 2023 Annual Examination of Beijing Municipal Organs at All Levels, applicants shall also meet the following conditions and requirements:

(1) The written test scores of civil servants employed by applicants in the 2023 annual examination shall reach the minimum qualified score line for the supplementary positions they apply for;

(2) Applicants shall meet the qualifications and requirements for the supplementary positions to be applied for;

(3) Supplementary employment can only apply for one position;

(four) in the work of recruiting civil servants in the 2023 annual examination of organs at all levels in Beijing, they have not been identified as candidates by the original positions.

Second, the main steps

(1) Job inquiry

For details of recruitment positions, recruitment numbers and qualifications of recruitment agencies, please refer to the Recruitment Guide for Civil Servants Recruited by Beijing Authorities at All Levels in 2023 (hereinafter referred to as the Recruitment Guide), and applicants can access it through the websites of Capital Window (www.beijing.gov.cn) and Beijing Group Work (www.bjdj.gov.cn).

When you need to ask for information about the qualifications such as major, education background, degree and grassroots work experience in the Recruitment Guide, as well as remarks, please contact the recruitment agency directly. The telephone number of the recruitment agency can be inquired through the Recruitment Guide.

(2) Registration

During the period from 9:00 on May 29th to 18:00 on May 30th, 2023, applicants will log in to the "Beijing Personnel Examination General Platform" (https://fuwu.rsj.beijing.gov.cn/gwy/main) by their ID numbers and passwords when they sign up for the written examination of public subjects for the 2023 annual examination of civil servants in Beijing organs at all levels, choose to recruit civil servants and fill in the registration information. Before the end of the application time, applicants can change the positions of supplementary civil servants.

(3) Online qualification examination

From 9:00 on May 31, 2023 to 18:00 on June 1, 2023, the recruitment agency will conduct online qualification examination for candidates who apply for the positions of supplementary civil servants in Beijing according to the order from high score to low score in the written test of the public subjects of the 2023 annual examination for civil servants. After the ratio of the number of qualified online applicants to the number of planned employees reaches the required interview ratio, the recruitment agency will no longer conduct online qualification examination for other personnel, and the last one with the same score will enter the qualification examination scope at the same time.

The materials and precautions to be provided for online qualification examination are consistent with the requirements for online qualification examination of civil servants employed by Beijing authorities at all levels in 2023.

(4) Interview and professional ability test

After June 2, 2023, applicants can log in to the "Beijing Personnel Examination General Platform" to check whether they have entered the interview and professional ability test.

The interview is organized and implemented by the recruitment agency. For details such as the interview time and place, please refer to the interview announcement published on the website of the recruitment agency. Applicants can also directly consult the recruitment agency by telephone.

Some recruitment agencies organize professional ability tests during the interview stage. See the Recruitment Guide or the interview announcement issued by the recruitment agency for the contents, organizational forms and related arrangements of professional ability tests.

(five) physical examination, inspection and publicity procedures.

The relevant requirements of the follow-up procedures such as physical examination, inspection and publicity shall be implemented in accordance with the Announcement on the Employment of Civil Servants in the 2023 Examination of Beijing Organs at All Levels.

III. Other matters

(1) Disciplinary requirements

Applicants should conscientiously implement the relevant regulations on all aspects of supplementary recruitment of civil servants. Those who fail to attend the interview, professional ability test and physical examination at the specified time and place will be deemed to have given up automatically.

(2) Special tips

This exam does not specify a counseling book, nor does it hold or entrust any institution to hold an exam counseling training class. At present, the relevant civil service examination remedial classes, counseling websites or publications issued in the society have nothing to do with this examination. Please be vigilant to avoid being misled and deceived.

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Civil Service

May 2023

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 27th-27th is the last day of the Spring Festival holiday, and Spring Festival travel rush’s return peak is ushered in all over the country. Is the transportation capacity sufficient? What will the weather be like in the future? Xinhua News Agency reporters interviewed authoritative departments and experts and made a return strategy for you.

　　— — Railways, highways and civil aviation ushered in the peak passenger flow around the 27th. It is suggested to travel at the wrong peak.

　　On the afternoon of 26th, the exit of Beijing West Railway Station was crowded with people, and there was a bustling scene of Spring Festival travel rush. This important railway hub station in Beijing is expected to usher in the peak return passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush on January 28th (the seventh day of the first month), and the number of passengers arriving will exceed 180,000. "We have increased the number of operators at the entrance and exit of the station, increased the frequency of safe broadcasting on the platform, and tried our best to ensure the safety of Spring Festival travel rush." Yuan Xuran, propaganda assistant of Beijing West Railway Station, said.

　　During the Spring Festival holiday, expressways are free for small passenger cars with 7 seats or less. On the afternoon of January 26, the traffic at the entrance of Qinghe toll station to Beijing was like a shuttle, which was significantly higher than the previous days. At 15: 00 on the 26th, the traffic volume of 18 expressways under the jurisdiction of Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co., Ltd. was about 643,000 vehicles, an increase of nearly 10.7% over the same period last year. The first group reminds passengers to know the road information in advance and arrange the travel time and driving route reasonably.

　　On January 26th, at Qinghe Toll Station, vehicles entering Beijing entered Beijing in an orderly manner. (Photo courtesy of the interviewee)

　　The first wave peak of China Southern Airlines’ return trip appeared from January 26th to January 29th, and the hot routes were mainly concentrated in the northeast, southwest and south-central flights to first-tier cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, as well as the return routes of tourist cities such as Hainan and Yunnan.

　　"China Southern Airlines flights from Ganzhou, Changde and Shantou to Beijing Daxing International Airport have only a small number of seats from the sixth day to the eighth day of the first month; Flights from Lijiang, Changde, Nanchong and other cities to Guangzhou have been basically sold out from the sixth day to the eighth day of the first month. Passengers are advised to travel at the wrong peak. " The relevant person in charge of China Southern Airlines Beijing Branch said.

　　On January 27th, at Beijing West Railway Station, passengers returning to Beijing left the station from the exit. (Xinhua News Agency reporter Ren Chaoshe)

　　"In order to ensure the return passenger flow connection, we will take measures such as bus encryption, subway delay and rental protection." Mao Jun, deputy director of the Beijing Key Station District Management Committee, said that the subway connection at stations such as Beijing West Railway Station and Beijing South Railway Station is ready for delay. We call on all network car and taxi companies to increase night vehicle dispatching guarantee; It is suggested that the electronic map navigation company should update the navigation signs in time and do a good job of near-end and far-end guidance; Coordinate night buses, taxi dispatching stations, free car ferry and other areas to evacuate passengers in time to ensure the safety and order of Spring Festival travel rush.

　　— — The scarcity of rain and snow in most parts of China is conducive to Spring Festival travel rush’s need to pay attention to cold and warmth

　　The 27th is the first day of the May 9th. China folk agricultural proverb says "Look at the willow across the river in May 969", but most parts of the country are still in a relatively cold stage.

　　According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, from 27th to 28th, the weather in most parts of China will be mainly sunny or cloudy, with little rain and snow, which is conducive to Spring Festival travel rush’s return trip. In addition, cold air will affect the central and eastern regions, and some areas will have a temperature drop of 4℃ to 6℃, accompanied by four to six winds. Experts advise to prepare enough warm clothes before going out.

　　In particular, it is necessary to remind passengers who travel to and from Kunming or enter and leave Kunming that Kunming is experiencing "changing seasons every other day" these two days. On the 26th, the highest temperature in Kunming reached 24.1℃, breaking the local record in January since 1951, but on the 27th, the highest temperature will plummet to single digits. Experts suggest that the elderly, children and the infirm should avoid the time when the temperature drops suddenly.

　　Pay special attention to driving safety when driving in rainy and snowy weather. According to the weather forecast, there will be light snow or sleet in parts of southeastern Xizang, northeastern Inner Mongolia, Shandong Peninsula and western Guizhou on the 27th.

　　Experts pointed out that when driving in rain and snow, it is necessary to turn on the vehicle defogging function, reduce the speed, reduce overtaking and lane change, avoid sudden acceleration and sudden braking, and do not drive in the snow. In addition, when driving on ice and snow roads, we should pay attention to pressing snow instead of ice. Slow down ahead of time when turning, hit the steering wheel slowly, and when turning a "big bend", the car will not speed up right before the cycle. Keep 2-3 times the usual distance from the car in front of you. In case of emergency braking, repeatedly step on the brake pedal and hold the steering wheel tightly with both hands to ensure safety. (Reporter Ding Jing Ni Yuanjin Xia Ke Ren Chao)

CCTV News:In the face of severe and complicated epidemic prevention and control, the central government has strictly implemented various measures for epidemic prevention and control, further improved the level of scientific and accurate prevention and control, and adhered to the general strategy of "external defense input, internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing". China’s prevention and control measures, diagnosis and treatment programs are constantly optimized and adjusted according to the changes in the epidemic situation. It faces Omicron, races against the virus, conducts multi-line operations such as diversion, traceability and treatment, and races against time to contain the virus at full speed.

The data show that the current epidemic in China is mainly BA.2 from Omicron, and the spread speed of Omicron strain BA.1 is 77% faster than that of Delta strain, and the spread speed of BA.2 is 66% faster than that of Ba.1.. Experts stressed that the characteristics of Omicron mutant’s faster spread and stronger concealment require that the epidemic prevention and control measures should be earlier, faster, stricter and more solid, and the general policy of "dynamic zero clearing" should be adhered to.

Wu Zunyou, Chief Epidemiologist of China CDC:(Dynamic) The most important thing for zero clearing is timely detection, timely blocking and timely treatment. If we can all do it early, accurately and quickly, it should be said that we only took two to four weeks to put out an epidemic in the past two years, and this timetable will be presented again in our response to the COVID-19 epidemic.

Mou Shanyong, Deputy Director of Shandong Provincial Health and Wellness Committee:In view of the characteristics of rapid spread, short intergenerational time and high concealment, we have greatly increased the frequency of detection in order to find potential infected people in time.

From the issuance of "Covid-19 Antigen Testing Application Plan (Trial)", antigen testing was added as a supplement on the basis of nucleic acid testing. At present, the number of COVID-19 antigen self-test products approved in China has increased to 14; Until the publication of "novel coronavirus Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Ninth Edition)", it was emphasized that the procedure of case discovery and reporting should be optimized, cases should be classified and treated, and mild cases should be centralized and isolated management … … China is taking more effective prevention and control measures to curb the spread of the epidemic as soon as possible.

The faster the virus spreads, the more scientific and precise prevention and control will be highlighted; Delineate the latest sealed control zone, control zone and prevention zone, and strictly implement graded and precise control. In the closed control area, "the area is closed, stay indoors, and serve the door", and within the control area, "people are not allowed to leave the area and gathering is strictly prohibited".

Strengthen scientific and technological research on vaccines, rapid detection reagents and drug research and development to make prevention and control more targeted. Start the sequential booster immunization of COVID-19 vaccine, and write two specific anti-Covid-19 drugs approved by National Medical Products Administration into the latest diagnosis and treatment plan. Experts said that with more and more drugs entering the clinic, they have more confidence in the treatment of COVID-19 than before.

The analysis pointed out that the speed and intensity of blocking the spread of the epidemic should be effectively improved, the responsibilities of territories, departments, units and individuals should be consolidated, the monitoring coverage of key populations should be expanded, the multi-channel monitoring and early warning mechanism should be improved, the monitoring and early warning and emergency response capabilities of the epidemic situation should be comprehensively improved, the port prevention and control forces should be enriched, the external defense input defense line should be built, the normal prevention and control of key places such as schools should be strengthened, detailed prevention and control measures and emergency plans should be made, immunization should be promoted, and the group prevention and control defense line should be continuously consolidated.

Special feature of 1905 film network "Turn your back to darkness and turn to light."Inspired by Li Dazhao, tens of thousands of workers in Kailuan Coal Mine lit the miner’s lamp overhead, which became a single spark. The scene was shocking and magnificent, and it became one of the highlights of the film.

The Pioneer has received rave reviews since it was released a week ago. The film uses advanced audio-visual language to reproduce the magnificent life of Li Dazhao, a pioneer of communism, and achieves a balance between artistry, commerciality and ideology. Among them, the unique, poetic and romantic image style is also impressive.

"We want to challenge a brand-new style, truly shape the light into a’ role’ and participate more in scenes and characters." Gao Weizhe, director of photography in The Pioneer, interprets this.

The Pioneer is Gao Weizhe’s first feature film in the true sense. He has previously served as a photography director for "The Night before" and "The Bridge of People".

As a newcomer to the film, how did Gao Weizhe, the director of photography, cooperate tacitly with the director to jointly achieve this masterpiece? In this issue of Behind the Scene, let’s follow the host Lan Yu and photographer Gao Weizhe to reveal The Pioneer’s "light and shadow" story.

style

"Hard and romantic" is Gao Weizhe’s summary of The Pioneer’s image style, which also conforms to the tone of the film story and characters.In the preparation stage of the film, Gao Weizhe consulted a lot of materials and looked for visual reference. Among them, the styles of Italian realistic painter Caravaggio and Dutch painter Rembrandt made him shine.

In Caravaggio’s group portrait paintings, the light in the picture has a strong participation, and all the characters and spaces are reshaped by light. "There is a feeling that the characters are fixed in history by light at this moment."

Rembrandt is good at dealing with the relationship between characters and space with light in portraits. "Light serves space." Inspired by these two masters, the revolutionary’s "hard and romantic" tone has gradually taken shape.

"Hardness is reflected in the image, which is a big light ratio and a big contrast; Romance makes the highlights diffuse through a small amount of highlights. " Gao Weizhe explained, "To make light appear, we need to use many intermediate media, such as wind, rain, snow, fog, steam and smoke. In the shocking train steam scene, steam provides a lot of highlights, bringing romance and poetry. "

In order to unify the styles, Gao Weizhe and the color matching team also specially developed a set of "customized filters" for The Pioneer, which is called LUT (Color Lookup Table).

Art, clothing, makeup and other departments have also cooperated with them to adjust the colors of scenes, props and clothing. "The same dress will prepare four to five different shades of gray. ……There is no absolute white wall, but it is a’ white wall’ with medium gray and heavy gray. The art and landscape departments have also added a lot of texture effects to the wall to jointly improve the texture of the image. "

The shaping and application of light is a great breakthrough of Gao Weizhe in The Pioneer photography. "We want to challenge a brand-new style, truly shape light into a’ role’ and participate in scenes and characters to a greater extent."

scene

In order to show the revolutionary picture of China society in the 20th century, there are many magnificent and shocking scenes in The Pioneer, which also put forward high requirements for photography and scheduling.Among them, the shooting process of several big scenes such as "Kailuan Coal Mine Workers’ Strike" and "March 18th Massacre" made Gao Weizhe fresh in his memory.

The biggest difficulty of "strike drama" lies in "finding the railway". The art team originally found a deserted mining area, with both railways and open spaces, and a wall more than 20 meters high next to it.This environment made Gao Weizhe suddenly have a whimsy, and proposed that the miners’ shadows could be cast on the wall, waving sickles and axes, and the history of China Revolution could be unfolded like a picture scroll.

This idea excited the team, but because the venue was too far away and the cost of personnel transfer was too high, it almost gave up. Finally, thanks to Huo Tingxiao of production designer, the tracks and high walls were built from scratch in the open space near Hengdian Airport, and the train at that time was restored at 1:1, so that the picture in Gao Weizhe’s mind could "shine into reality".

During the filming process, Gao Weizhe designed the headlights of miners on one side and the headlights of trains on the other, and the two forces "turned into" the shocking effect of two beams of light, which not only had visual impact, but also met the theme expression.

Due to the limited number of extras who play workers, Gao Weizhe had a brainwave and came up with a trick: turning the camera into a fixed position, dividing the picture into several parts on the monitor with a red pen, and directing the group performance to move continuously, eliminating the later special effects, and the light was particularly real. "Overlapping real materials into one picture has formed this real and shocking effect."

If the challenge of the "strike drama" is a "quiet" venue, the shooting difficulty of the "March 18th Massacre" lies in "moving".On the one hand, it is the "movement" of space. The camera starts from the close-up of the slogan "Down with imperialism", shakes from the alley to the main street, and substitutes the audience into the event little by little through the presentation of the space by the camera.

On the other hand, it is the "dynamic" perspective. The camera does not completely surround Li Dazhao himself, but will stay on ordinary people such as beggars on the street, uncles drinking tea at the door, women eating melon seeds, etc. Through the movement of the camera, they will be associated with Li Dazhao, vividly depicting all kinds of people in the revolutionary movement.

moment

A moment is eternity. The big scene in The Pioneer is exciting, and many colorful moments can also be called "a stroke of genius".For example, Li Dazhao stood under the magnolia tree in early spring, and it was very poetic to pick a paragraph sandwiched in the book, which was talked about by many viewers.

This magnolia tree was discovered by Gao Weizhe by accident. "When filming Chen Duxiu’s release from prison, I suddenly found a magnolia tree. Because Hengdian scenic spots are artificially built, such’ real life’ is rare, so I called the director and wanted to shoot a scene in this environment. This is when you are trying to shoot, there will always be some providence. "

Two scenes in prison are also remarkable. He offered to shoot a scene in which Li Dazhao shook hands with a "comrade in heaven". Gao Weizhe thought that he could put a headlight on the roof and let the beam shine on the tightly clasped hand, thus completing this touching "spiritual transmission".

In another prison scene, Gao Weizhe originally planned to only shine a beam of light on the wall, but he didn’t expect that when the light slowly rolled in, Zhang Songwen made an impromptu gesture of "dove of peace", and the shadow was cast on the wall. The picture was beautiful and meaningful. This sudden inspiration made Gao Weizhe and director Xu Zhanxiong get goose bumps.

"Mr. Song Wen completely turned himself into Mr. Li Dazhao, immersed in emotions and situations, and there were many such ingenious pens, which greatly enhanced the poetic sense of the whole movie." Gao Weizhen said.

This devotion is also the working status of Gao Weizhe and the whole The Pioneer crew. Although the shooting conditions in the cold winter are difficult, I have to get up before dawn at three or four o’clock every day, but Gao Weizhe’s heart is still full of the creator’s happiness. "It’s very happy to finally be able to give full play to my creation by myself."

Gao Weizhe chose the word "ingenuity" to describe The Pioneer’s team spirit. "No one gives up because it is difficult, but tries to solve it in various ways, doing their job and presenting the best effect on the screen. The Pioneer is the crystallization of authorship and industrialization. "

In 1916, 27-year-old Li Dazhao wrote in Youth: I wish my dear youth, born in youth and died in youth.Nowadays, we are also delighted to see that a group of young filmmakers like Gao Weizhe are behind such a masterpiece of The Pioneer.

Finally, talking about the future, Gao Weizhe said with longing: "I hope to get out of my comfort zone and safety zone and participate in making a great work that can stay in the history of movies."

According to the ticketing platform data

As of 21: 50 on July 13th.

The single-day box office of the summer market broke 300 million yuan for the first time.

70 days after May 3, 2024

The single-day box office of the market once again exceeded 300 million yuan.

Summer file this year

There are many kinds of movies and excellent films.

From domestic masterpieces to imported blockbusters

From hilarious comedy to criminal investigation suspense

From animation to new literary works

A new blockbuster with its own characteristics

Have chosen in this hot summer file.

Meet the audience

According to the network platform data

As of 14: 55 on July 12,

Summer file period in 2024 (June 1 — August 31)

The total box office exceeded 3.5 billion yuan.

Silent killing, There is a canteen by the cloud

Brainstorming 2

Rank the top three in the box office list

Producer/Editor-in-Chief Li Zhe/Zhang Zhida

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