The general secretary of the two sessions pays attention to these three "new" in the crucial year of network observation

In the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2024, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the delegation three times, and had cordial exchanges with the delegates on future-oriented issues such as new quality productivity, new pollution control and new quality combat effectiveness, so as to guide the high-quality development of China in the new era.

New quality productivity is characterized by innovation, the key lies in high quality, and the essence is advanced productivity.

This year’s National People’s Congress, which is regarded as the new quality productivity that incites the high-quality development of China’s economy, has undoubtedly become one of the hottest keywords.

From "don’t ignore and abandon traditional industries" to "cultivate and expand emerging industries and build future industries ahead of schedule", from "fight hard on key core technologies" to "promote scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation as a whole, and strengthen the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements" … … This year’s two sessions, with the topic of "new quality productivity", the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clarified the dialectical relationship between new quality productivity and traditional industries, pointed out the direction to open up the blocking points that bound the development of new quality productivity, and defined the methodology for developing new quality productivity according to local conditions.

Since the "new quality productivity" was first put forward in September last year, the General Secretary has talked about the reality and urgency of developing new quality productivity on many occasions: "Scientific and technological innovation has achieved new breakthroughs, and new quality productivity has been accelerated" and "developing new quality productivity is the inherent requirement and important focus of promoting high-quality development".

Looking at China, a number of high-end, intelligent and green new pillar industries have risen rapidly, and the "new three kinds" of electric vehicles, lithium batteries and photovoltaic products have performed brilliantly. The new quality productivity has shown strong potential in supporting China’s high-quality development.

Looking around the world, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is reconstructing the global innovation map and reshaping the global economic structure. We are faced with both rare historical opportunities and severe challenges in tackling key technical problems.

Whether it is to boost confidence, promote economic recovery, or win strategic initiative in future development and international competition, all localities should adjust measures to local conditions, proceed from reality and start with innovation, so that new quality productivity can empower thousands of industries and create new advantages for development.

The treatment of new pollutants is related to people’s health and ecological environment safety, and it is a "new difficulty" that restricts the continuous and in-depth improvement of air, water and soil environmental quality.

Compared with conventional pollutants, new pollutants such as light pollution, "white" pollution and marine plastic particles have the characteristics of serious harm, hidden risk, difficulty in degradation and difficulty in emission reduction and substitution.

The general secretary has been paying attention to this topic for a long time. "It is very timely to propose new pollution control now." When attending this year’s joint meeting in Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, the general secretary said: "With new problems, we can’t say that we can rest our hands before the old problems are dealt with, and we must catch them simultaneously."

Once, in autumn and winter, some areas in northern China often suffered from large-scale severe smog, an environmental indicator of "PM2.5"seriousExceeding the standard has become a long-standing problem. For more than 10 years, it is with the courage to face up to the problem and the foresight to build a beautiful China that the General Secretary has vigorously promoted the comprehensive environmental management of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand in the whole society, which has led to today’s "long-term blue" and the historic, turning and overall transformation of China’s ecological civilization construction.

At the joint meeting, for the treatment of new pollutants, the general secretary gave a breakthrough path: to systematically promote ecological protection and repair and solve outstanding problems in the ecological environment with "reform ideas, technical strength, transformation methods and market means".

"The scenery should be long and eye-catching." As the General Secretary said, "People who have no long-term worries will have near worries", grasping old problems, giving consideration to new ones, "taking real actions and solving one thing is a little", and comprehensively implementing policies and treating both the symptoms and the root causes can lay a good green background for the high-quality development of China.

High-quality economic and social development requires the development of new quality productive forces; To build a world-class army, it is also necessary to upgrade the new combat effectiveness.

"Promote the efficient integration and two-way pull of new quality productivity and new quality combat effectiveness", "Create the growth pole of new quality productivity and new quality combat effectiveness" and "fully liberate and develop new quality combat effectiveness" … … At the two sessions this year, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader was in the delegation of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force, focusing on comprehensively improving the strategic capabilities in emerging fields and building new quality combat effectiveness.makeFurther deployment.

Since presiding over the work of the Central Military Commission, President Xi has always attached great importance to the construction of our army’s combat effectiveness, clearly pointed out that it is the only fundamental standard to firmly establish combat effectiveness, and emphasized that the combat effectiveness standard should be implemented in the whole process and all aspects of army building.

In 2019, President Xi pointed out at the Military Work Conference of the Central Military Commission that it is necessary to strengthen the construction of new combat forces and increase the proportion of new combat forces. Since then, when he inspected the troops, he has repeatedly talked about strengthening the construction of new quality combat effectiveness. The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress clearly proposed to increase the proportion of new territory and new quality combat forces.

The key to new combat effectiveness lies in "newness". The new expansion of "new" in the space field, the new change of winning mechanism, the new mutation of science and technology, the new mode of weapons and equipment and so on.

Aiming at the future battlefield, President Xi gained an insight into the general trend of the world, grasped the opportunities of the times, and made a scientific decision to liberate and develop new combat effectiveness, which not only conformed to the trend of the times, but also responded to the changes of the times, showing a broad vision and containing far-reaching considerations for the integrated operation of strengthening the country and the army.

Born to the new, the quality is strong. Anchoring the goal of building the army for a hundred years, keeping up with the development of modern war forms, constantly updating ideas and concepts, boldly innovating and exploring the construction and application mode of new combat forces, and forging a winning teacher have a long way to go.

Be the first in the spring of the year, and do everything first. From new quality productivity to new pollution control, and then to new quality combat effectiveness, the course has been anchored. Let’s go to "new" together.

The eighth issue of Flowers and Teenagers Silk Road Season: Going to a romantic party by the sea.

The eighth issue of "Flower and Youth Silk Road Season" was launched, and the diary of study tour in Croatia Station was also coming to an end. Spend less time with Split to punch in a 72-hour travel wish list, and two tour guides of "Li Wan Kuang Lan" prepare mysterious surprises. A sunrise chase, a hearty Croatian sports experience, a warm and touching beach picnic … This journey, surprise and romance coexist. Amanda, Qin Lan, Xin Zhilei, Dilraba, Zhao Zhaoyi, Wang Anyu and Hu Xianxu, members of Hua Shaotuan, started the wish realization plan in this issue.

The eighth issue of Flowers and Teenagers Silk Road Season: Going to a romantic party by the sea.

The eighth issue of Flowers and Teenagers Silk Road Season: Going to a romantic party by the sea.

The eighth issue of Flowers and Teenagers Silk Road Season: Going to a romantic party by the sea.

In this study tour, Hua Shaotuan fulfilled Amanda’s wish of watching the sunrise and Zhao Zhaoyi’s wish of playing water polo with Wang Anyu. In the early morning, Hua Shaotuan staged a "chasing the sun" by car, and finally saw the beautiful scenery of the sun and the moon. The romance was not the sunrise, but the people who chased the sunrise together.

Amanda and Xin Zhilei went out for a walk and accidentally unlocked a local specialty restaurant. They had a delicious meal and chatted after dinner. Xin Zhilei told her about her part-time job when she was in college. She said, "It is very happy to take care of others."

Picigin Pitch Golden Water Ball is known as the "national ball" of Croatia, and Bacvice Beach, a famous beach in Split, is the birthplace of Picigin. Hua Shaotuan played water polo with local friends in Croatia. Simple rules, deep friendship and a small water polo friendly match closely linked the feelings of China and Croatia.

In addition to their wish to punch in, tour guides Dilraba and Qin Lan also specially prepared a surprise for Hua Shaotuan. They set up a warm place on the beach, wrote everyone’s travel wishes on balloons, and prepared chicken wings, hamburgers, pizzas and cupcakes … Just in time for the National Day, everyone lit candles to celebrate, played games and chatted, and spent an unforgettable seaside night together.

The 72-hour wish realization plan is still in progress. In the next issue, the Flower Youth League will start the dream blue hole island-jumping tour, and the quiz in Croatia will be over, and the Icelandic tour guide will announce the rules publicly! Who will be the new Icelandic tour guide? Lock Mango TV at 12: 00 noon on Wednesday and Hunan Satellite TV at 22: 00 on Thursday night to unlock a new chapter in the Silk Road trip.

Holiday ticket seconds? 12306 responds to the difficulty of grabbing tickets: this year is more difficult than previous years.

According to China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.), this year’s Mid-Autumn National Day Golden Week railway transportation will last for 12 days from September 27th to October 8th, and the national railways are expected to send 190 million passengers.

On September 13th, Railway 12306 began to sell train tickets for Mid-Autumn National Day Golden Week.

How can it be so difficult to grab tickets!

On September 14th, as the Mid-Autumn Festival approached, many netizens joined the army of grabbing tickets in advance and began to snap up the train tickets on September 28th.

During the snap-up, some netizens’ tucao system showed that the remaining tickets were sufficient, but they still had to queue up to buy, "711 people lined up in front"; Some netizens questioned whether third-party software grabbed tickets and occupied the "pit position" of ordinary users.

In this regard, 12306 customer service said that there are still enough tickets to queue up because there are too many users who place orders at the same time. 12306 has a fixed time to open ticket sales, and will not sell tickets in advance for third-party software.

For users who have not bought tickets, the customer service said that it is indeed more difficult to grab tickets this year than in previous years. It is recommended to join the standby immediately and wait for other users to change their tickets or refund their tickets.

In addition, in the case of a large number of passengers, the high-speed train may also be changed from 8 cars to 12 cars, and the alternate ticket purchase can buy tickets faster.

The success rate of 12306 standby ticket purchase is 75%

Regarding the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day holiday, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. responded to the question of whether some popular train tickets will run out of seconds.

1. Is the transportation capacity guaranteed during the peak holiday passenger flow?

A: In view of the peak passenger flow during the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday this year, the railway department will scientifically allocate transportation resources and increase transportation capacity. The national railways will implement a peak operation chart, and the daily average passenger seating capacity is expected to increase by 18.5% compared with the same period in 2019. Mainly take the following measures: First, extend the golden week transportation period, reaching 12 days before and after, and the transportation period exceeds the golden week over the years. The second is to open 320 through passenger trains across the Railway Bureau Group, including 214 EMU trains (including 200 night high-speed trains) and 106 ordinary passenger trains. The third is to increase the number of passenger seats in popular directions by means of reconnection of EMUs and adding carriages to ordinary passenger trains. In principle, the directions of entering Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou are full-scale or full-grouped. Fourth, according to the ticket sales data of Railway 12306, each railway bureau group company flexibly increased the number of passenger trains in the pipeline.

2. If there is a sudden large passenger flow, how does the railway department respond?

A: The railway department has reserved hot-standby EMUs, ordinary passenger trains and vehicles and crew members at major hub nodes in the country, the number of which is not less than the May Day holiday. Once there is a sudden passenger flow, it can be put into operation at any time to meet the travel needs of passengers.

3. What are the tips for purchasing tickets?

A: The railway department predicts that the peak of ticket sales during the Mid-Autumn National Day Golden Week this year will appear on September 15th, when tickets for the first day of the September 29th holiday will be sold. It is expected that Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Xi ‘an and other cities will become popular areas for tourists to start and arrive. In addition, Hangzhou will host the Asian Games during the Golden Week, and it will also become a popular destination for high-speed rail travel.

4. During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays, will there be a "second light" phenomenon in some popular train tickets? Why did this happen?

A: During the Golden Week, passengers’ travel demand "bunched up", resulting in tight transportation capacity in some areas and time periods. Especially on some popular routes, some trains with more suitable departure and arrival time and shorter travel time are the first choice for many passengers. When these train tickets are on sale, because they are highly concerned by the majority of passengers, passengers and friends will choose 12306 online ticket purchasing, mobile App, station window and other ticketing channels to "grab tickets" quickly, and there may be "second light" phenomenon.

5. Why does the 12306 ticketing system of the same train show that there are full tickets and long-distance tickets, but there are no half tickets and short-distance tickets?

A: The railway department will give priority to the long-distance passengers who take the bus from the departure station to the terminal, so as to maximize the utilization of transport resources. Of course, it will also take into account the needs of short-distance passengers. When the long-distance ticket amount is sufficient, it will dynamically adjust the ticket amount according to the changes in passenger demand, and automatically transfer some tickets to stations along the way in different time periods to meet the travel needs of short-distance passengers.

6. How is the standby ticket purchasing function of Railway 12306 running? How can we increase the chances of successful standby ticket purchase?

A: Railway 12306′ s alternate ticket purchasing function runs stably, and the alternate redemption success rate reaches over 75%. Passengers can increase the standby success rate by submitting a number of standby orders with a combination of "date, train number and seat" to extend the standby redemption time.

7. How is the ticket release time of Railway 12306 arranged?

A: The pre-sale period of train tickets is 15 days (including that day), but the starting time of each station is different. For example, Beijing West Railway Station and Nanjing South Railway Station are at 8:00, Guangzhou South Railway Station is at 10:00, and shanghai hongqiao railway station is at 13:30. Passengers can use the "starting time" query function in the official App of "Railway 12306" to query the starting time of the designated station.

8. How is the online paving function of the Railway 12306 pilot running? How to ensure that the elderly give priority to the lower berth?

A: In June this year, 12306 began to try out the online shop selection service. At present, it has covered 230 passenger trains and is running well. Online berth selection service provides the choice of soft berth, hard berth for general-speed trains and soft berth, first-class berth and second-class berth for emus, which cover different levels of demand. At the same time, Railway 12306 still insists on giving priority to the allocation of the lower berth to key passengers such as the elderly over 60.

9. What should passengers do if they can’t buy a direct ticket at the peak of passenger flow?

A: If you can’t buy a direct ticket during the peak passenger flow period, passengers and friends can buy a joint ticket to meet their travel needs by taking a bus in sections. Railway 12306 will intelligently recommend a transfer plan with a spare ticket for passengers to choose from according to their travel needs and the situation of the remaining tickets. In order to facilitate passengers’ transfer, the railway department has set up convenient transfer passages in 100 major stations, and arranged station staff to provide guidance services, so that passengers can enter the waiting room without leaving the station, effectively shortening the transfer time.

10. Is there any risk in buying tickets through third-party websites?

A: Railway 12306 has never authorized any third-party platform to sell train tickets. Third-party platforms will retain user information in the process of passenger ticket purchase, which not only has "traps" such as surcharges and bundled sales services, but also may have the risk of personal information disclosure. Passengers are requested to purchase tickets through official railway channels, and look for www.12306.cn, the official website of 12306, and the official App of "Railway 12306".

11. How does the railway department deal with some uncivilized behaviors in the car?

A: The railway is a popular means of transportation, which requires the vast number of passengers and friends to jointly maintain a civilized, orderly, warm and comfortable travel environment. However, there are also uncivilized behaviors of some passengers, such as smoking, dominating seats and making loud noises during the operation of EMU trains, which seriously affects the riding experience of other passengers, and some even endanger the safe operation of trains and violate laws and regulations. During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day Golden Week holidays, we will broadcast videos by train, increase publicity and guidance, actively advocate civilized travel, and strive to create a good travel environment. Some uncivilized behaviors will be discouraged in time. Especially serious, we will be included in the untrustworthy list of the railway credit information system according to relevant regulations.

12306 ticketing introduction

Ticket-grabbing date, starting time, alternate rules,

Look at the picture and know everything

Did you get the ticket?

(CCTV)

Department of Veterans Affairs: Deploy the search, excavation, identification and protection of martyrs’ remains.

CCTV News:Recently, the Department of Veterans Affairs issued the "Notice on the Safe Search, Excavation, Identification and Protection of Martyrs’ Remains", demanding that the search, excavation, identification and protection of missing or unknown martyrs’ remains be done safely. The Notice requires that the remains of suspected martyrs discovered or excavated should be properly preserved in accordance with relevant regulations. If it is identified as the remains of martyrs, it shall be buried in the martyrs cemetery in a timely and proper manner and a burial ceremony shall be held nearby.

In addition, the information data obtained from the identification of the remains of martyrs should be kept and used in accordance with the relevant requirements of the national information data management. Without approval, it is not allowed to organize the excavation or identification of the remains of martyrs, and it is not allowed to destroy or dispose of the remains or relics of martyrs at will.

Can the self-heating food praised by capital become the "next instant noodle"?

  Text | "Financial Weekly" reporter Li Yuxi Intern Luo Yubai Liu Yangnan

  The rainstorm disaster in Henan province is serious, instant noodles have become important relief materials as before, but self-heating food, which has high hopes from capital, has not come in handy at this critical moment.

  Self-heating food refers to prepackaged foods which is heated by its own heating bag without relying on electricity or fire. When in use, just put the special heating bag at the bottom of the food box and pour a cup of cold water to make steaming food.

  In 2020, the epidemic broke out suddenly, and the self-heating food, which has been tepid, got a rare opportunity for development. New brands and products emerged one after another, and capital followed suit. Self-heating food was once thought to be expected to take over instant noodles as the next "national food".

  However, with the national epidemic peak receding, the take-away and in-house food formats gradually returned to normal, and industries such as pre-made food rose, and the heat of self-heated food also dissipated. Single eating scene, high price, safety and other issues have all become obstacles for self-heating food to embark on the road of "national food".

  With high hopes from capital and bets from many enterprises, self-heating food is facing a growth dilemma. Is it still expected to become the "next instant noodle"? What should we do next?

  Is the self-heating food cold?

  The founder of a well-known domestic catering brand told the reporter that self-heating food appeared in early 2000 and remained tepid until 2017. 2017 is a turning point. Without much marketing promotion, self-heating hot pot began to become popular, which is partly due to changes in the consumer market that have driven changes in the industry.

  The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 has changed the development of self-heating food.

  During the outbreak of the epidemic, the restaurant and take-out were blocked, and the demand for special home food brought about a spurt of self-heating food. Omni-channel sales have soared, major e-commerce platforms are out of stock quickly, and offline supermarkets are "in short supply". Self-heating food has become the first choice for many people to solve the problem of eating at home during the special period.

  Tmall data shows that since February 2020, the overall sales volume of convenience foods has increased by 7 times year-on-year, among which self-heating foods have the fastest increase. During the Spring Festival, the online order volume of "Zi Hei Guo" exceeded 200%, and the shipment volume of "Shi Ren" increased by 30% year-on-year, and the turnover in March increased to 90 million yuan.

  What followed was the follow-up of brands and capital. According to the incomplete statistics of the reporter of Caijing National Weekly, at present, there are more than 350 self-heating food brands on the market.

  In the convenience food industry, after the unified introduction of self-heating food, Jinmailang, Master Kong, Baixiang, Zhengda and Keming followed suit. Outside the industry, Yang Guofu, who makes mala Tang, Haidilao and Xiaolongkan, who make hot pot, and even snack brands such as Three Squirrels and Liangpin Shop, as well as online celebrity, such as Li Ziqi, have all entered the market.

  Capital with a keen sense of smell will naturally not let go of this fiery new field.

  In May, 2020, in just one month, there were three tens of millions of financing in the field of fast food, namely "eater", "self-hi pot" and "Mo Xiaoxian". The investors included well-known investment institutions such as Gaoying Group, Jingwei China and Jinding Capital. Among them, as the "first brand" of self-heating food, the self-cooking pot has been established for more than three years, and it has already received five rounds of financing, of which the C++ round of financing has exceeded 100 million yuan.

  However, the spring of self-heating food seems to be too short. After the domestic epidemic situation has been effectively controlled, take-away food, in-house food and other formats have returned, and self-heating food is no longer the main choice of consumers. In the second half of 2020, self-heating food will enter a downward channel.

  A business manager who provides heating packages for self-heating food factories was deeply touched by this. He told reporters that since the second half of last year, the heat of self-heating food has dropped, and the orders for heating packages have dropped significantly. In the face of market changes, the factory has to adjust the product structure to avoid being more affected.

  "A wave of people buy self-heating food for early adopters. After curiosity, the overall sales volume will inevitably decline." A person in charge of a self-heating food brand told reporters that since the beginning of this year, the overall sales volume of self-heating food has been slightly better than that of the same period in 2019, but it has declined compared with last year.

  In the person in charge’s view, self-heating food broke out irrationally in 2020, but the reason why this kind of food can explode in 2020 also proves that it has a certain market demand, which is why the self-heating food category also achieved good growth in 2017-2019.

  More people in the industry are pessimistic about the growth of self-heating food.

  Zhu Danpeng, a food industry analyst in China, believes that self-heating food is not the outlet for the development of the food industry, but only a category that benefits from the special node of the epidemic. With the rapid development of take-away and pre-made products industry, the market space of self-heating food has been squeezed to some extent.

  it is not easy to say love you

  "It costs money to eat hot pot, and it is terrible to eat self-heating hot pot." Compared with instant noodles with simple operation and high food safety, the operational safety of self-heating of heating package has always been a questioned risk point of self-heating food, and related food safety problems have occurred frequently.

  Not long ago, the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee conducted a comparative experiment on self-heating hot pot to further understand the current safety and quality status of self-heating instant hot pot. The results showed that 16 of the 20 samples had different degrees of deformation at the bottom of the cooking pot, and the bottom of the cooking pot of four samples named Kaka Shamo Xiaoxian, Shu Girl, Zhen Xin and Mu Ge had obvious deformation.

  The main reason is that self-heating food is still a new industry in China, and has not yet formed a certain system scale. Most domestic self-heating food brands adopt OEM production, without their own production lines, and the product quality is difficult to control.

  Zhu Danpeng said that from the policy point of view, at present, China has not yet issued a national standard for self-heating food, and the industries are mixed and the brands are mixed, which increases the danger of the industry.

  As the product of "lazy economy" and "otaku economy", the high price of self-heating food also makes it difficult for lazy people to say that they love it.

  The reporter visited a large supermarket in Beijing and found that the price of self-heating chafing dish with a net content of about 150g was higher than that of 30 yuan, and some products even approached 40 yuan, while the price of self-heating rice was generally higher than that of 20 yuan, which was a huge difference compared with instant noodles with a net content of less than 10 yuan per barrel.

  People in the industry interviewed believe that self-heating food is mainly for "lazy people" or third-and fourth-tier consumer groups who are extremely sensitive to price, and the price of tens of dollars can only make them flinch.

  "Not as a last resort, I won’t choose self-heating food. The price is too expensive, I can’t use so much money to order a takeaway, and the taste is better than self-heating food. " Xiao Yi, a standard "house girl" engaged in video editing, said.

  The reporter learned from the survey that it is not without reason that self-heating food is priced like this.

  The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand told the reporter that the high price of self-heating food comes from high cost. A product of self-heating food should include package, heating package, container box, etc. Only the product cost price of higher quality products should exceed that of 10 yuan. Generally, the cost of self-heating food accounts for 50% of the retail price of the market, that is to say, under the gross profit margin of 50%, the enterprise has to cut 20%-30% of the channel expenses, and the final profit can only be controlled at about 20%.

  In addition to the difficulty in forming the advantages of instant noodles in price, the single taste and usage scenarios of self-heating food also stop consumers who have the ability to buy.

  An industry source told reporters that because most brands are OEM, the sources of raw materials are basically the same, and even some brand products are from the same manufacturer, it is not surprising that the tastes are not much different.

  The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand admits that the use scenario of the self-heating food industry does have certain limitations: "So the competition in the future industry will mainly focus on product taste. In order to improve food recovery, self-heating food enterprises have made great efforts and made great progress in meat production technology, constantly improving user experience and generating user stickiness. "

  It’s a little far from the next "instant noodles"

  In recent years, with the decline of instant noodle industry, there has been a brief outbreak of self-heating food, and there are endless discussions about whether self-heating food will become "another" national food after instant noodles. Now it seems that self-heating food is far from becoming the next "instant noodles".

  "We can’t replace instant noodles. First of all, there is no way on the price, because the reason why a category has a national degree is that everyone needs to be able to afford it." The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand is very calm about the positioning of the self-heating food industry.

  Zhu Danpeng said that the possibility of self-heating food becoming "national food" is very small. On the one hand, it is limited by the lack of industry standards. On the other hand, the expansion of self-heating food categories is squeezed, which will hinder the development of the industry.

  In addition to the category disadvantages, the distance between self-heating food mainly based on OEM and "national food" is still worse than the whole supply chain system and the channel system that goes deep into the capillary market.

  Considering the operating cost of enterprises, most enterprises can greatly save the input cost by adopting OEM production, but the biggest problem in this form is the lack of quality control management, which leads to the inevitable product quality problems.

  At the same time, because most enterprises in the self-heating food industry pattern are not from the food industry, they have insufficient experience in channel construction and food production management, and there is still a long way to go to really get familiar with this field.

  "In fact, we are now very envious of those brands whose offline channels are very mature. From the perspective of channels, the whole industry is still in the trial and error stage." The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand admits that the biggest obstacle at present is the construction of offline channels, which is different from online sales that can be created by marketing and platform power. The construction of offline channels is not achieved overnight, but it is always the offline channels that really determine the future of brand development.

  At present, self-heating food industry enterprises can be divided into three types:

  For a kind of catering enterprises such as Haidilao and Dalongyi, self-heating food is a choice for their business diversification. The advantage of this kind of enterprises lies in their high brand awareness and advantages in marketing, and two different types of production and management logic in catering industry and food industry are the problems that this kind of enterprises must solve.

  The second category is the brand of the transformation terminal at the supply chain end. The advantage of this kind of brand is to rely on the advantages of the supply chain to optimize the product price, but it lacks brand power and is slightly weak in brand operation and marketing.

  The third category, such as self-help pot, is a brand cultivated under Internet thinking. It is good at using Internet thinking and can rely on capital to make the brand bigger in a short time. However, the disadvantages of offline channels are bound to lay a hidden worry for its future development.

  People in the industry interviewed believe that after a short period of explosive growth, the self-heating food industry, which is in a downward channel, is entering the stage of industry reshuffle. After many small and medium-sized brands make waves, resources are concentrated in several head brands, and the market pattern of self-heating hot pot is expected to take shape basically this year.

  It can be judged that with the introduction of small and medium-sized brands, the self-heating food industry will change from barbaric growth to brand intensification. In the future, with the continuous growth of big brands, the industry will be more standardized and the future can be expected.

After 00, the youth of retired military college students shines in the first line of anti-epidemic

  After the outbreak of the epidemic in Shanghai, nearly 10,000 veterans responded to the emergency recruitment of the Shanghai Veterans Affairs Bureau, signed up anti-epidemic volunteers and went to the front line of epidemic prevention and control. Among them, the youngest is a 21-year-old college student. Because he has more experience as a soldier than his peers, he has more responsibility and responsibility as a soldier, and he has used the youthful blood of a retired soldier to contribute his youthful strength to Shanghai’s fight against the epidemic.

  Chen Yingxi: National Flag Class Soldiers "stand guard" for the community

  Chen Yingxi, who just retired from the army last year, was a national flag fighter of the squadron of "Good Eighth Company on Nanjing Road" of the Armed Police Shanghai Corps. It wasn’t long before I went back to school, and I encountered this wave of epidemic. Before the blockade, Chen Yingxi was a "big white" patrolling the campus. The school changed online teaching and returned to his home in Kangqiao Town, Pudong New Area. He discussed with his parents: "I have been a soldier and I am young. When the masses need it most, I should take the lead." With the support of parents, Chen Yingxi became a volunteer in the community, responsible for express delivery, sterilization of take-away items and material handling.

  There are more than 5,000 households in the community. During the closure period, all kinds of materials, such as express delivery, group purchase and government distribution, ranged from hundreds to thousands, and served as the last checkpoint for goods transshipment, which required high disinfection tasks and great responsibilities. For the health and safety of the residents in the community, he took out a more sincere attitude when he was in the national flag class, and always stood ready to effectively disinfect all materials one by one. After a shift, you have to endure not only the pungent smell, but also the feeling of "sauna" in protective clothing.

  During the rotation, I often meet the courier brother who wants to leave after putting things down and refuses to cooperate with me to produce the nucleic acid report. Chen Yingxi is as strict as a sentry, never letting go of anyone: if you don’t produce the nucleic acid report, the courier will not reach the customer, which will directly affect your performance … … In the face of such a competitive "big white", express delivery and takeaway brothers have also cooperated.

  Chen Yingxi said that no matter how hard and tired we are, we must stand up for the community and hold this "safety" pass for everyone.

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  Tan Zhipeng: "Carrying the Girder" with his predecessors

  Tan Zhipeng, a freshman, once served in a naval unit in the Eastern Theater. A family of three, my father fights the epidemic in the street every day, and he and his mother are volunteers in the community. After learning about the recruitment order of Shanghai Retired Military Affairs Bureau, he immediately signed up as the only "post-00" in his retired military volunteer group.

  "As a young man, it is my duty to contribute to society. As a retired soldier, I hope to hone my will in volunteer service. " Before leaving, Tan Zhipeng wrote in his diary, "At this moment, my initial intention of going to the front line of fighting the epidemic is the same as my initial intention of joining the army three years ago."

  On April 11th, Tan Zhipeng came to a food company to support him with the third group of the anti-epidemic emergency vanguard of retired soldiers in Baoshan District. He followed the players of his father’s age and was responsible for carrying food and supplies. For two whole days, he and his comrades-in-arms cooperated tacitly like an assembly line to ensure that the materials were in place as soon as possible. At the moment of completing the task, he felt that his waist could not stand up straight and his calves were shaking, but no one complained at the scene, and every comrade-in-arms admired him. He was deeply shocked to see his teammates go to the next "battlefield" non-stop, so he also signed up for a village in Sitang, Zhangmiao Street, where the epidemic was serious, to help medical staff volunteer for nucleic acid sampling. At the moment of putting on the big white, standing on the front line of real epidemic prevention, the sense of mission of the soldiers came back.

  Organizing residents to go downstairs to do nucleic acid, keeping a safe distance and queuing in order, the seemingly simple process is not simple to implement. During that time, Tan Zhipeng often had a hoarse throat and his skin was red and swollen because of sweating for a long time, but his heart was full of the power of charge.

  Peer teammates found that there was another "baby soldier", but also warmly guided and helped him. Many players sighed: my family is still sleeping after 00, which is different when I was a soldier!

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  Lu Chenjiayu: "Minor injuries can’t go down the line of fire"

  Lu Chenjiayu, a college student of Shanghai Jiguang Vocational and Technical College, was once an air force soldier. In mid-March, Lu Chenjiayu, who lives at home, signed up as a community volunteer. When he saw the volunteer recruitment order issued by the Shanghai Veterans Affairs Bureau, he immediately signed up for the job.

  On April 16th, Lu Chenjiayu was incorporated into the information group of an isolated hotel in Shanghai North Bund. A group of three people is responsible for the statistics, production and summary of all information reports of the isolated hotel, as well as the auxiliary medical group. Faced with dozens of forms of data and completely unfamiliar disease control terms, he straightened out the complicated reports and data with the rigor and meticulousness of air force soldiers, and proposed to increase data checking procedures to ensure the accuracy of daily reporting rate.

  On April 23rd, in the information group where Lu Chenjiayu was located, two comrades were isolated one after another, and only one combatant was left in the information group. In the case that the replacement volunteer has not yet arrived at the post, he shouldered the work of the original three people alone, and at this time, he had induced tonsillitis a few days ago due to overwork. The next day, Lu Chenjiayu was also sentenced to close contact and isolated on the spot. However, he was on duty alone while being isolated, overcoming difficulties and sticking to his post with overload until the replacement volunteers arrived at his post three days later. At the end of the 14-day quarantine, Lu Chenjiayu, who performed well, was named and praised. When he should have gone back to rest, he saw that the group was still short of people, and he did not hesitate to devote himself to the intense and busy fight against the epidemic.

5C overcharge/assisted driving//CDC vibration reduction/front and rear row massage, Tucki P7+ value of 208,800?

[Four-wheel drive details] In the last issue of the four-wheel drive series, we introduced various types of four-wheel drives and their classification (click to view the basic knowledge of four-wheel drive). In the following articles, we will analyze and test the four-wheel drive models of various brands one by one, and the first article we introduce brands to you, including,,, and so on.

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Jeep brand introduction

The first Jeep in the world was produced in 1941 to meet the requirements of the US military in World War II. It has a history of 73 years. From July 23, 1941 to now, Jeep brand has always insisted on only making SUV models, and left a tough guy image in people’s minds. Today, the Jeep brand has even become synonymous with off-road. It is precisely because of this that Jeep cars have been sold to nearly 100 countries and have many Jeep enthusiasts around the world.

Jeep origin

Jeep was born out of the Willys)MB model used by the Allied Forces during World War II. In 1940, the U.S. military established the model scheme of Willys MA, and at the same time, borrowed some characteristics of Ford and Bantam, and redesigned the Willys MB off-road vehicle, which made this earliest standardized "Jeep" car.

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Once Jeep is used, it has made great achievements. Jeep has played many roles in various war zones: stretcher, machine gun rack, reconnaissance vehicle, light truck, front-line vehicle, gun and ammunition transportation, etc. During the Second World War, about 600,000 Jeeps joined the battle. The name of "Battlefield Taxi" confirmed the success of Jeep products.

Since then, Jeep has entered the era of peace with its innate excellent characteristics, and it has become more and more perfect after repeated improvements. Of course, it has kept its original passion and wildness to this day and become one of the automobile brands. The Jeep trademark registered in 1950 has remained vigorous for more than 60 years.

Domestic Jeep models for sale and

At present, Jeep brands on sale in China mainly include many models, such as Guide, Freerider, Freelight, Grand Cherokee, herdsman, etc. Different product positioning of each model makes their four-wheel drive system forms different. See the table below for specific classification:

Jeep models on sale and four-wheel drive structure car make and model Four-wheel drive system name Four-wheel drive structure type Guide Freedom-Drive Free guest Freedom-Drive Timely four-wheel drive Free light Active Drive Timely four-wheel drive Grand Cherokee Quadra-Trac Ⅱ Herdsman Sahara Herdsman Rubicon part time 4wd

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition Jeep Grand Cherokee (imported) 2014 3.0L Comfort Navigation Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Test props/test rules

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Let’s get to know the pulley block and test rules we used in this test. This pulley block consists of three groups of flat pulleys, and each group of pulleys can determine its locked/opened state through the side locking pin. When a pulley block is locked, the wheels will not slip when passing through the pulley block; On the contrary, when a pulley block is open, the wheels will slip when passing through the pulley block, thus losing power.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

We will test each model in three groups. In the first group, two front wheels or two rear wheels of the vehicle are in the pulley block, which can test the inter-axle distribution of different four-wheel drive forms with front drive or rear drive as the mainstay. The second set of tests is to make the diagonal wheel in the pulley block, and the third set is to make all three wheels in the pulley block, and only one front wheel or rear wheel is in contact with the ground. This will test the torque distribution between the front and rear axles of the vehicle and the torque distribution between the left and right respectively.

Fortunately, after the actual test, the above cars can easily complete the first and second sets of tests, so next we will directly show you their performance in the face of three sets of open pulleys.

Introduction to the structure of four-wheel drive for guide and freelancer

Guide and freelancer are two types of Jeep. Strictly speaking, the two cars are only different in appearance and interior design, while the power system and four-wheel drive structure are exactly the same.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

"guide" and "free guest"

Guides and freelancers are equipped with a four-wheel drive system called "Freedom-Drive". The four-wheel drive system is simple in structure, with an open differential at the front and rear, and a common electrically controlled multi-plate structure. In extreme cases, the power distribution between the front and rear axles can be locked at 50:50. In addition, the electronic auxiliary system can help the vehicle realize the power distribution between the left and right wheels by braking.

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Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Operation Keys

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

For urban SUVs, such as guides and freelancers, which adopt timely four-wheel drive system, there is no need for manual operation during daily driving, and the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear wheel power according to the driving road conditions. In case of complicated road conditions, the driver can manually turn on the "LOCK" switch, and the torque of the front and rear axles will be distributed at a fixed ratio of 50:50.

Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

Both the Guide and the Freelancer are four-wheel drive systems based on front-wheel drive. Theoretically, the rear wheels can only get 50% of the maximum power. Therefore, facing three groups of open pulleys, the difficulty of passing forward and backward is also different. When only one front wheel touches the ground, it is easier for the vehicle to get out of trouble. When only one rear wheel touches the ground, the vehicle can also pass, but the process is not easy. Because this four-wheel drive structure determines that the power transmitted to the rear axle is only 50% at most, although the electronic auxiliary system can play the role of limiting slip between wheels, the weak power output still makes the vehicle struggle. If "4WD LOCK" is turned on manually, the system will allocate power at 50: 50 by default, and the situation will be slightly improved.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

From the four-wheel drive structure and test analysis, although the guide successfully passed the four-wheel drive test, its structure determines that it is not suitable for cross-country. The main function of this four-wheel drive system is to cope with the general potholes and improve the safety of highway driving.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear axle power according to the road conditions, without manual control, and the fuel economy is high. At the critical moment, the driver can also manually select the front and rear axle power distribution according to 50:50 to improve the performance of four-wheel drive.

Disadvantages:The power is average, the electronic slip limit between wheels is not crisp enough, and the multi-plate clutch central differential is easy to overheat, so it is not easy to challenge three open pulley blocks.

Jeep guide/freelancer four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of free light four-wheel drive structure

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition

As a brand-new car of the Jeep family, the positioning of Free Light is aimed at luxury brands, and Jeep insists that SUVs at this price should have strong off-road capabilities even if they focus on urban comfort. Free light is an adopted SUV, which adopts a timely four-wheel drive system called "Active Drive". This four-wheel drive system is based on ZF’s "ECOnnect" four-wheel drive system (click to view ECOnnect), which transmits power to the rear axle through PTO (front axle power take-off) and multi-disc clutch. Different from most SUVs, the free-light PTO can completely disconnect the rear axle when necessary, and there is no need to rotate at this time (the central transmission shaft of most SUVs with transverse orientation is always rotating), thus improving fuel economy. In addition, its rear axle has a multi-disc clutch structure, and the multi-disc clutch of the low-profile vehicle acts as a central differential, which can control the torque distribution of the front and rear axles.

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Free light has three different four-wheel drive models, namely Active Drive I, Active Drive II and Active Drive Lock. Among them, the low-profile model adopts Active Drive I timely four-wheel drive system, which is the four-wheel drive structure mentioned in the previous paragraph. Active Drive II can distribute power among rear axle wheels, because its rear axle RDU structure adopts two sets of multi-disc clutches, that is, the left and right axle shafts have one set of multi-disc clutches, and each set of clutches is used to independently control the torque required by the wheels on that side. In addition, the Active Drive II four-wheel drive system also adds a low-speed torque amplification gear with a transmission ratio of 2.92:1. The most powerful Active Drive Lock not only has a low-torque amplification gear, but also has the locking function of the rear axle differential. The driver can manually control the left and right wheels of the rear axle to distribute the torque by 50:50 through the buttons in the car.

Free optical four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

"High-end models have low-speed four-wheel drive function, while low-end models don’t"

In addition, like many high-end SUVs, all models of Free Light also have a road mode self-selection system called "Selec-in". In different modes, the computer will adjust the power response and power distribution to ensure that the vehicle has the best ability to get out of trouble.

Free light four-wheel drive test performance

Like the guide, the free light adopts a four-wheel drive system based on front wheel drive, so when one front wheel has adhesion, the vehicle is easy to get out of trouble. Then, when passing through three groups of open pulleys in the opposite direction (that is, only one rear wheel has adhesion), does free light struggle to get out of trouble, just like guides and free travelers? Actually, it is not, because the free light not only has electronic limited slip between the left and right wheels, but also the rear axle can distribute the torque through the multi-plate clutch limited slip differential, thus ensuring that the power can be transmitted to the wheels with adhesion more effectively.

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

The free light we tested adopts Active Drive II timely four-wheel drive structure, that is, PTO has low-speed torque amplification function. However, during this test, we didn’t turn on the "4WD LOW" low-speed four-wheel drive mode. In the AUTO mode, Free Light can pass the test of three groups of open pulley blocks, and both directions are relatively easy.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

No matter from the four-wheel drive structure or the actual test results, the Active Drive timely four-wheel drive system on free light is much more powerful than that on the guide, and it can face more complicated road conditions more easily.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the power between the front and rear axle and the left and right axle shafts of the rear axle according to the road conditions, and PTO can also be automatically disconnected when necessary, thus realizing the real front-wheel drive (the central transmission shaft does not turn). The low-speed four-wheel drive and the locking function of the rear axle differential of the mid-high model further improve its four-wheel drive performance.

Disadvantages:Multi-disc clutch limited slip differential is easy to overheat protection after continuous use for many times.

Jeep free light four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Structure

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.0L Flagship Zunyue Edition

At present, there are two full-time four-wheel drive structures in Grand Cherokee, one is a full-time four-wheel drive system with low-speed four-wheel drive and multi-plate clutch structure; On the other hand, the limited slip differential of the rear axle is added on this basis. The former is applied to 3.0L, 3.6L and 3.0TD diesel models, while the latter is applied to 5.7L models.

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At present, Grand Cherokee provides two different four-wheel drive systems, among which "Quadra-Drive II" on the 5.7L model has a set of ELSD electronic limited-slip differential on the rear axle, so the driver can lock it manually, which is theoretically better in extreme cases.

Grand Cherokee four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

The four-wheel drive operating system on Grand Cherokee is called Selec-Terrain, which has seven driving mode options: economy, sport, auto, snow, sand, mud and rock. In addition, the Grand Cherokee is equipped with 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive function. Compared with Freelight, the operating system of Grand Cherokee not only has more optional modes, but also looks more scientific and technological in its overall interface.

Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

However, for the Grand Cherokee, the whole test process is not easy. The reason is that when passing through three open pulley blocks, the power output will be limited by default. When we tried to close the electronic stability control program, the limited slip function between the left and right wheels was completely lost. At this time, the vehicle could not get out of trouble. Therefore, in order for the four-wheel drive system to work, the electronic stability control system must be turned on by default.

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Despite the full-time four-wheel drive system, most SUVs with layout are more inclined to rear-wheel drive, and the Grand Cherokee is no exception. When passing through the pulley block in the opposite direction, its two rear wheels are suspended, and only by the grip of one front wheel can the vehicle get out of trouble. At this time, if the Grand Cherokee wants to get out of trouble successfully, it can only rely on the electronic slip limit between wheels to limit the power output of one wheel, so that the other wheel can have grip. However, due to the restriction of the electronic stability system on the overall power, it is a little difficult for the Grand Cherokee to get out of trouble this time.

However, it should be declared that during the whole test, we did not turn on the 4WD LOW button. In other words, Grand Cherokee completed this test completely in AUTO mode. If the 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive mode is turned on, I believe the whole process will be much easier.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:This system is simple in structure, and the operation mode is intuitive and convenient. Drivers don’t need to remember complicated driving mode switching steps. In most cases, Quadra-Tra II four-wheel drive system can handle it by itself. If necessary, the low-speed four-wheel drive mode can be started to increase the ability to get out of trouble.
Disadvantages:The electronic stability control system has too many restrictions on power, so it is difficult for a single wheel to get enough power to get the vehicle out of trouble.

Test results of Jeep grand Cherokee four-wheel drive

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of herdsman four-wheel drive structure

Jeep herdsman 2014 2.8TD four-door version Sahara

Herdsman is the most powerful off-road vehicle in Jeep family today, among which Sahara is equipped with Command-Trac part-time 4wd system, which adopts NV241 series transfer case with low gear ratio of 2.72:1, and both front and rear axles are open differential. The part-time 4wd system equipped with Rubicon is called Rock-Trac, and its low-speed gear ratio of the transfer case is 4:1, and the front and rear axles are also equipped with electrically controlled locking Tru-loc. In addition, both cars are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between E wheels.

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Herdsman four-wheel drive operating system

Sahara and Rubicon operate the part-time 4wd system in almost the same way, and there is a transfer case lever next to the shift lever. Select the gear position of 2H on the normal paved road, and the vehicle is in the state of rear wheel drive. Select the 4H high-speed four-wheel drive gear on the wet or soft road. At this time, the torque distribution of the front and rear axles is 50:50, and the speed of the front and rear axles is the same. Therefore, it will be very difficult for vehicles to turn on the paved road when the four-wheel drive is turned on. The 4L low-speed four-wheel drive gear is used in the state where high torque traction is needed. The special gear set in the transfer case amplifies the torque and transmits it to the front and rear axles in equal proportion, while the front and rear axles still maintain the same speed.

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

It should be noted that when switching from 2H to 4H, the vehicle speed should be lower than 88km/h.. If you switch to 4L, the speed needs to be lower than 5km/h, and it is better to stop and then put into 4L gear. In addition, the 4L state can only be used in the face of extremely challenging road conditions, when the speed cannot exceed 40 km/h..

Compared with Sahara, Rubicon’s strength lies in the addition of a mechanical differential lock on the front and rear axles. In the face of very harsh environment, it can also ensure that all four tires can get sufficient power.

Herdsman four-wheel drive test performance

Both Sahara and Rubicon are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between wheels. Theoretically, as long as the transfer case is selected in the 4H gear, its front and rear axles can get 50% power respectively, and different power outputs of the left and right wheels can be achieved through electronic slip-limiting function between wheels.

In this test, we found two herdsman, one of which is a 3.6L Longteng collector’s edition, which is a five-door model with the same four-wheel drive structure as Sahara. The other one is a 3.6L two-door version of Rubicon, which has two differential locks at the front and rear, and its off-road performance is more powerful.

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

In the face of three groups of open pulley blocks, we only chose the 4H mode, and the front and rear differential locks of Rubicon were not activated. The vehicle can successfully get out of trouble only by relying on the electronic slip-limiting function between EDS wheels. The 3.6L engine can provide excellent power output, and the electronic system is involved in the whole process in time. Only after a few brief slips of the suspended wheel, the other wheel can get sufficient grip, thus helping the vehicle to get out of trouble.

After selecting the 4H mode, the torque of the front and rear axles is completely distributed according to the ratio of 50:50, so when passing through the pulley block in both directions, the performance of the vehicle is basically the same, and there is no bias towards the front drive or the rear drive. Of course, in the conventional 2H mode, herdsman is a rear-wheel drive SUV.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Part-time 4wd system can ensure strong off-road capability, which is the most reliable four-wheel drive structure at present.
Disadvantages:Operation and driving are more complicated than timely four-wheel drive.

Jeep herdsman four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Full text summary:

Generally speaking, various four-wheel drive structures under the Jeep brand should be regarded as having their own characteristics. In terms of off-road performance alone, herdsman Rubicon’s four-wheel drive system is undoubtedly the most powerful Jeep car. This pure hard-core off-road vehicle can be easily conquered in the face of many off-road projects and difficult road conditions, but there is no absolute perfection in the world. No matter Rubicon or Sahara, their driving experience on the road is not excellent, but this will not affect the love of those who pursue pure off-road at all.

In terms of comprehensive performance, Grand Cherokee and Freelight are both good, and although they are slightly inferior to herdsman in off-road performance, there is no problem in coping with common off-road conditions. More importantly, they have a good performance in road driving comfort, which is very suitable for friends who like off-road style and want to meet the daily road driving comfort.

Compared with the same SUV, the guides and freelancers are also excellent in off-road performance. However, after all, these two cars are SUVs oriented to ordinary consumers and located in cities. Road driving comfort and cost performance are the most important. (Text/Figure car home Zhang Ziyi)

TDS value is not everything! Teach you how to distinguish the water quality of water purifier.

Friends who need drinking water quality at home often see the figure of TDS test pen when choosing water purifiers, and the displayed value is often one of the criteria for judging the water quality of water purifiers.

Who is TDS? How do some water purifiers make the TDS value of tap water from hundreds to double digits or single digits?

TDS is total dissolved solids,The abbreviation of "total dissolved solids",Its numerical value represents the mass of dissolved solids in one liter of water, and the unit is mg/liter. The measuring tool is the pen-shaped TDS tester that we often see in evaluation and publicity.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Here we will find a BUG:The value displayed by TDS tester is the total amount of solid matter dissolved in water.

In fact, there are many kinds of solid substances in tap water, such as minerals and trace elements, calcium and magnesium salts that are easy to form scale, sediment dissolved in water, scale peeled off from transportation pipelines, rust and so on.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Because of the complexity of solid types, TDS meter can not accurately distinguish whether its composition is beneficial or harmful to human body.

For example, the TDS value of tap water we use every day is about 100-200, and the TDS value of mineral water sold in supermarkets is about 100, but mineral water can be drunk directly, but tap water is not.

Such a situation will inevitably be confusing. What is the significance of testing TDS value by water purifier? However, before further explaining this question, let’s take a look at the numerical requirements of national standards for tap water quality.

According to the limited requirements of TDS value of drinking tap water in the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water in 2006, the TDS value of domestic water should be less than or equal to 1000 mg/L.

What kind of numerical concept is this? Generally, the TDS value of tap water in new residential buildings is 100-200, and the TDS value of tap water in older residential buildings will not exceed 500.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Generally speaking, as long as the urban water supply is not affected by various disasters, the daily drinking water will basically not exceed this limit.

However, this tap water quality requirement cannot meet the standard of direct drinking water. We were taught by our parents to boil water before drinking, and we didn’t have the habit of drinking tap water directly.

Moreover, the cost of direct drinking in waterworks is quite high, and there is also the problem of secondary pollution during transportation, which is not only unnecessary, but also difficult to achieve.

With the development of life, people more or less have certain requirements for the quality of tap water, not necessarily for direct drinking, but also for removing impurities, odor or scale in water, which reflects the existence value of water purifier.

Back to the original question, why does the water purifier evaluation show the TDS value of water quality?

The answer is very simple, in order to show the ultra-high filtration capacity of the water purifier, because it is difficult to tell whether the solids in the water are good or bad, so it is better to filter them all at once. There are no impurities in the water, so it can be drunk directly.

Only RO reverse osmosis water purifier can achieve such strong filtration ability.

This kind of water purifier fully filters all impurities including bacteria, viruses and microorganisms in water through the filtration precision of RO reverse osmosis membrane of 0.0001 micron. Only water molecules and a very small amount of trace elements can pass through, and the TDS value of naturally produced water is only single digits.

In addition to the reverse osmosis water purifier, there is also a common ultrafiltration water purifier on the market.

This kind of products can only filter tap water simply, remove large-particle impurities such as sediment and rust, and eliminate odor, while bacterial viruses and scale will still remain in the produced water.This kind of products can’t pass the TDS test to judge the water quality standard.

Smart brands will not introduce the specific differences of such water purifiers to consumers in detail. Common reverse osmosis water purifiers will promote "pure water" and "direct drinking", while ultrafiltration water purifiers will promote "no power consumption" and "mineral water" as features.

So is it necessary to choose reverse osmosis without thinking when buying a water purifier? Or choose ultrafiltration to drink "mineral water"? Let’s analyze it for you:

Reverse osmosis water purifier:

Advantage: excellent filtering effect, and that produce purified water can be directly drunk.

Disadvantages:

1. The reverse osmosis water purifier will produce wastewater.

2. When working, the water purifier pressurizes the water supply, which requires power consumption.

3. The filter element of reverse osmosis water purifier has a general service life of 3 years, and needs to be replaced when it expires, so the price is high.

Applicable environment:The water quality is hard and prone to water pollution problems, such as coastal salt tides and flood-prone areas.

Applicable people:There is a high demand for drinking water quality, especially for families who need to take care of infants and frail elderly people.

Ultrafiltration water purifier:

Advantages:

1. It can retain minerals in water, and is suitable for making tea and coffee to enhance the taste.

2. It can be used immediately after installation, and no electricity is needed.

3. Some product filter elements can be reused, and the replacement price is lower.

Disadvantages: tap water can only be simply filtered, and it needs to be boiled and drunk, which will produce scale.

Applicable environment:The tap water has many impurities, the water quality is soft, and it is not easy to be polluted.

Applicable people:There is no high requirement for water quality, and it is only necessary to simply filter impurities and odors at a lower cost to meet the needs of families who wash vegetables and cook daily.

Summary:

Although TDS meter is a reference for visually displaying water quality, it can only reflect the water purification effect of reverse osmosis water purifier.

As for the common ultrafiltration water purifier, the reference value of TDS meter is not significant. The simplest and reliable method is to boil tap water before drinking. I hope this article can help everyone who is buying a water purifier.

TDS value is not everything! Teach you how to distinguish the water quality of water purifier.

Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development of Tieling City in 2002

????In 2002, under the correct leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, the people of the whole city earnestly practiced Theory of Three Represents, closely focused on the three strategies of "rejuvenating the country through science and education, opening up to the outside world and sustainable development" and the five key points of "attracting investment, strategic adjustment of economic structure, developing high-tech industries, deepening reform and environmental construction", actively responded to the new changes in the domestic and international situation after joining the WTO, and forged ahead in unity, pioneering and innovating the national economy. The existing problems are: the structural contradiction of economy and the deep-seated problems of economic system are more prominent; The dominant position of industry has not yet been formed; Insufficient demand for investment, export and consumption; Social security and education under pressure; The life of some urban and rural residents is still very difficult.

   I. Synthesis

????Economic Aggregate: According to preliminary statistics, the city’s GDP in 2002 reached 15.10 billion yuan, an increase of 10.0% over the previous year. Among them, the primary industry realized an added value of 4.60 billion yuan, an increase of 14.0%; The added value of the secondary industry reached 5.20 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0%; The tertiary industry realized an added value of 5.30 billion yuan, an increase of 8.0%. The added value of primary, secondary and tertiary industries accounts for 30.5%, 34.7% and 34.8% of GDP respectively. The per capita GDP is 5036 yuan, or 609 US dollars.

????Fiscal revenue: The general budget revenue of local finance was 960 million yuan, up by 13.4% over the previous year, of which 340 million yuan was achieved at the city level, up by 19.5%, and 620 million yuan was achieved at the county (city) level, up by 10.4%. National tax revenue was 850 million yuan, up 9.5%, and local tax revenue was 720 million yuan, up 3.5%. The general budget expenditure of local finance was 2.13 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2% over the previous year. Among them, the city-level expenditure was 1 billion yuan, up 6.9%, and the county-level expenditure was 1.13 billion yuan, up 9.4 yuan.

????Price index: the annual consumer price index was 99.9%, of which the food price index was 100.8%; The price index of tobacco, alcohol and daily necessities is 100.8; The clothing price index is 95.9%; The price index of household equipment supplies and maintenance services is 97.2%; The price index of medical care and personal goods is 98.0%; The price index of transportation and communication is 98.5%; The price index of entertainment, education, cultural goods and services is 102.3%; The residential price index is 101.3%.

  Second, agriculture

????In 2002, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 10.51 billion yuan, up by 14.8% over the previous year, of which the agricultural output value was 6.17 billion yuan, up by 13.7% over the previous year. The output value of forestry was 320 million yuan, up 1.2 times over the previous year; The output value of animal husbandry was 3.93 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2% over the previous year; The fishery output value was 80 million yuan, an increase of 16.6% over the previous year.

????Agriculture: The total output of grain and beans was 2.395 million tons, an increase of 538,000 tons or 29.0% over last year. Among them, 342,000 tons of rice, an increase of 5.1%; 1.788 million tons of corn, an increase of 34.2%; 11,000 tons of wheat, an increase of 80.1%; 73,000 tons of soybeans, up by 25.7%; 84,000 tons of oil, up 36.7%; Vegetables were 2.904 million tons, up by 15.9%, and the actual planting area ratio of grain crops to non-grain crops was 62∶38 (local caliber).

????Forestry: 83.996 million trees were planted throughout the year; The afforestation area is 22,162 hectares, including 8,474 hectares of timber forest, 2,574 hectares of economic forest and 10,906 hectares of shelter forest. Returning farmland to forests of 22,000 hectares; The area of closing hillsides for afforestation is 155,591 hectares, of which 10,758 hectares are newly closed for afforestation; The actual area of young forest tending is 68073 hectares; The forest coverage rate reached 33.4%.

????Animal husbandry: There were 606,000 cows, 1.278 million pigs and 299,000 sheep in the whole year, up by 4.1%, 3.8% and 22.5% respectively over the previous year. The total output of meat in the whole year was 402,000 tons, up by 10.2% over the previous year, of which the output of pig, beef and mutton was 285,000 tons, up by 8.0%. The output of poultry meat was 105,000 tons, an increase of 9.2%; The milk output was 32,000 tons, an increase of 60.6%.

????Fishery: The annual output of aquatic products was 11,687 tons, an increase of 20% over the previous year. The aquaculture area of aquatic products was 136,000 mu, an increase of 1.6% over the previous year.

????Production conditions and farmland water conservancy construction: the total power of agricultural machinery was 1.09 million kWh at the end of the year, an increase of 6.5% over the end of the previous year; The annual rural electricity consumption was 450 million kWh; Fertilizer application (pure discount) 174,000 tons; The usage of agricultural plastic film is 5557 tons; The level of harvesting machinery for planting farmland reached 33.4%. At the end of the year, the effective irrigation area was 157,000 hectares, an increase of 2.6% over last year; The water-saving irrigation area was 23,000 hectares, an increase of 9.5%.

????Agricultural modernization: 60 new varieties were introduced and 30 new agricultural technologies were promoted and expanded throughout the year. The coverage rate of improved varieties of grain crops in the city reached 90.0%, and the varieties of vegetables were basically improved, with the improved varieties rate of livestock parents reaching over 85%. Tienan Agricultural High-tech Demonstration Park was awarded as a provincial-level modern agricultural park. In its core area, 20,000 square meters of high-tech, fully intelligent conjoined glass greenhouses and six single greenhouses have been built, and the production of vegetables, fruit trees, seedlings and flowers has started, which has played an important scientific and technological demonstration role for the development of modern agriculture in the city.

  III. Industry and Construction Industry????

????Several state-owned holding companies and state-owned industrial enterprises (hereinafter referred to as above-scale enterprises) with annual product sales income of 50,000 yuan or above in the city achieved a total industrial output value of 10.15 billion yuan, an increase of 21.6%, and an industrial added value of 3.48 billion yuan, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year. The total output value of state-owned holding industrial enterprises was 5.19 billion yuan, up by 11.8% over the previous year, and that of non-state-owned economy was 4.96 billion yuan, up by 28.1%. The output value of light industry was 2.52 billion yuan, up by 20.2% over the previous year, and that of heavy industry was 7.63 billion yuan, up by 22.4% over the previous year.

????Convergence of production and marketing: the annual sales output value of industries above designated size reached 9.89 billion yuan, an increase of 18.1% over the previous year; The sales rate of products was 97.4%, up by 1.4 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, light industry was 96.0%, an increase of 0.2% over the previous year; Heavy industry was 97.9%, an increase of 1.8% over the previous year. In terms of economic types, the production and marketing rates of state-owned and state-controlled industrial enterprises are 99.0%, collective enterprises are 88.7%, joint-stock cooperative enterprises are 97.2%, joint-stock enterprises are 95.8%, foreign-invested enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are 99.2%, and other economic types are 95.6%.

????Product quality: the output structure of major industrial products continued to be adjusted, and products that are marketable in the market and related to people’s lives grew rapidly. Among them, the power generation was 12.02 billion kWh, an increase of 14.4%; 17.18 million tons of raw coal, an increase of 8.2%; 22,000 tons of fresh frozen livestock meat, up by 95.0%; 67,000 tons of liquor, up by 16.2%; 1282 tons of dairy products, an increase of 45.7%; 3,795 tons of soy sauce, up by 22.5%; Cloth 1.06 million meters, an increase of 35.9%; According to the material 12,000 cubic meters, an increase of 10.6%; 221,000 tons of coke, an increase of 11.3%; 4575 tons of valves, an increase of 61.5%; 1.279 million tons of cement, up 6.3%; 31,000 tons of finished steel, an increase of 46.8%; 2268 tons of lifting equipment, an increase of 4.8 times; There were 94.433 million seals, an increase of 26.5%.

????New product development: The annual output value of new products for industries above designated size reached 260 million yuan, accounting for 2.6% of the total output value of industries above designated size. The city has completed 63 technical transformations of key projects with a technical investment of 590 million yuan and developed 103 new products.

????Enterprise benefit: in 2002, industrial enterprises above designated size realized product sales income of 8.68 billion yuan, up by 19.4% over the previous year; Break even to achieve a profit of 260 million yuan, an increase of 19.5% over the previous year; The total profit and tax was 900 million yuan, an increase of 2.7%; The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits was 93.2%, an increase of 4.8 percentage points over the previous year.

????In 2002, the added value of the whole social construction industry was 1 billion yuan, up by 7.0% over the previous year. The construction output value of construction enterprises above the qualification level is 2.19 billion yuan, the construction area is 1.988 million square meters, the completed housing area is 1.379 million square meters, the profits and taxes are 86.94 million yuan, and the total labor productivity calculated according to the construction output value is 56,119 yuan/person.

  IV. Investment in fixed assets

????In 2002, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 4.37 billion yuan, up by 11.2% over the previous year, of which urban fixed assets were 3.56 billion yuan, up by 7.6%. Investment in rural fixed assets was 810 million yuan, an increase of 30.6%.?

????Investment composition: according to economic types, state-owned units invested 1.58 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; Non-state-owned economy invested 2.79 billion yuan, up by 17.2%. According to the use, the capital construction investment was 950 million yuan, down by 29.0%; The investment in technological transformation was 830 million yuan, an increase of 73.2%; The investment in real estate development and construction was 940 million yuan, an increase of 25.9%.

????Investment structure: among the fixed assets investment of the whole society, the primary industry has invested 130 million yuan; 80.0% lower than the previous year; The investment in the secondary industry was 1.62 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7%. Among them, the industrial investment was 1.42 billion yuan, an increase of 12.7%; The investment in the tertiary industry was 2.62 billion yuan, an increase of 34.4%, of which the investment in transportation, warehousing, post and telecommunications was adjusted from 1.66∶33.7∶49.7 in the previous year to 3.0∶37.1∶59.9.

????Investment benefit: 3.94 billion yuan of fixed assets were added in the whole year, and the delivery and utilization rate of fixed assets reached 90.3%; The construction area of completed houses was 2.486 million square meters, with a completion rate of 72.1%. New main production capacity: 6040 tons of frozen drinks, 40,000 tons of machine-made paper, 300,000 pieces of clothing, 560,000 tons of cement and 16,000 lines of program-controlled switches; 76 kilometers of new roads were built and 224 kilometers of roads were rebuilt; 6830 new student seats were built, and 26,000 square meters of school buildings were built, rebuilt and expanded; Urban tap water supply capacity increased by 50,000 tons/day.

  V. Communications, Posts and Telecommunications

????The added value of transportation, post and telecommunications was 1.23 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year.

????Transportation industry: In 2001, the total cargo transportation volume of the whole society was 22.69 million tons, and the cargo turnover volume was 750.95 million tons-kilometers, up by 1.2% and 7.0% respectively over the previous year; Passenger transport volume was 29.94 million, and passenger turnover was 1,096.86 million person-kilometers, up 6.8% and 17.2% respectively over the previous year.

????Highway construction: At the end of 2002, the city had 4,707 kilometers of highways at all levels, an increase of 163 kilometers over the previous year, and the highway density per 100 square kilometers reached 36.3 kilometers, an increase of 1.3 kilometers over the previous year. Among all levels of highway mileage, the grade highway reaches 4698 kilometers, accounting for 99.8% of the total mileage; The mileage of paved roads reached 4,701 kilometers, accounting for 99.9% of the total mileage; The mileage opened to traffic in rain or shine is 4,707 kilometers, accounting for 100% of the total mileage; The greening mileage is 3,359 kilometers, accounting for 71.4% of the Yilin mileage.

????Posts and telecommunications: The total amount of post and telecommunications business was 88.05 million yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the same period of last year. In the postal service, 4.524 million letters were completed in the whole year, down by 18.8% over the previous year; There were 113,000 express mail items, an increase of 36.1%, and the average balance of postal savings reached 1.99 billion yuan, an increase of 20.6% over the previous year. The total revenue of telecom business in the whole year was 290 million yuan, an increase of 8.5% over the previous year; At the end of the year, the capacity of urban and rural telephone exchanges was 498,000, an increase of 7.3% over the previous year; There were 426,000 urban and rural telephone users, an increase of 69,000 over the previous year, an increase of 19.3%; Among them, there were 377,000 residential telephones, an increase of 62,000 over the previous year, an increase of 19.7%; The telephone penetration rate is 14.0%. At the end of the year, the number of mobile phone users reached 400,000, an increase of 45.5% over the previous year; Internet users reached 100,000, an increase of 1.2 times; There were 3,904 data communication users, an increase of 2.5 times.

  VI. Domestic trade

????In 2002, the added value of the wholesale and retail trade and catering industry in the city was 1.17 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3% over the same period of last year; The total sales volume of commodities was 8.17 billion yuan, up by 22.1% over the previous year, of which the sales volume of wholesale and retail trade enterprises above designated size was 1.94 billion yuan, up by 32.0% over the previous year. Commodity sales of wholesale and retail trading enterprises below designated size reached 6.23 billion yuan, up by 19.3% over the previous year.

????Retail sales: the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 6.79 billion yuan, up 7.7% over the same period of last year, of which the retail sales of consumer goods of state-owned commercial enterprises was 280 million yuan, down 28.1% over the previous year; The retail sales of consumer goods of collective commercial enterprises was 350 million yuan, an increase of 12.5%; The retail sales of consumer goods of joint-stock commercial enterprises reached 70 million yuan, up 1.8 times; The retail sales of consumer goods in the private economy was 490 million yuan, an increase of 11.2%; From the perspective of urban and rural areas, the retail sales of urban consumer goods was 5.21 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year; The retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 1.58 billion yuan, up by 6.5%.

????Commodity trading markets: In 2002, there were 165 commodity trading markets in the city, and the annual turnover of commodity trading markets was 2.57 billion yuan, up by 0.4% over the previous year, including 4 commodity trading markets with sales exceeding 100 million yuan, with a turnover of 950 million yuan, accounting for 37.0% of the total turnover, up by 14.5% over the previous year.

  VII. Foreign Economic Relations, Trade and Tourism

????Utilization of foreign capital: 48 foreign-invested enterprises were newly approved in the city, with contracted foreign capital of 120 million US dollars, an increase of 29.3% over the previous year; The actual utilization of foreign capital was US$ 65.85 million, an increase of 21.0% over the previous year. Among the newly approved foreign-invested enterprise projects, there were 11 large projects with a total investment of US$ 5 million, accounting for 23.0% of the total number of projects. The contracted foreign investment amounted to US$ 83.1 million, accounting for 68.0% of the total contracted foreign investment. Foreign-invested enterprises realized an output value of 1.82 billion yuan, an increase of 47.2%; Paid taxes of 130 million yuan.

????Foreign trade: foreign trade exports totaled 46.01 million US dollars, up by 20.9%, of which clothing exports reached 10.98 million US dollars, up by 17.3%; Food exports reached US$ 11.67 million, an increase of 34.2%. The export volume of foreign-funded enterprises was 19.35 million US dollars, accounting for 42.0% of the total export volume.

????Foreign economic and technological cooperation and exchange: in the whole year, 1,410 labor services were exported, achieving a turnover of 9.08 million US dollars, up by 11.5% and 3.2% respectively. Twenty-six experts from Japan, France, the Netherlands, Canada and other six countries and regions were hired to work in our city. 16 export training projects were implemented, and 46 trainees were sent abroad for further training.

????Tourism: In 2002, the whole city made great efforts to explore the history and culture of the Red Mansion, actively implemented the strategy of Tieling as a famous cultural city, and comprehensively built four brand strategies of "hometown of red mansions, hometown of sketches, hometown of champions and city of coal and electricity", which reflected Tieling’s unique style and artistic charm as a famous historical and cultural city. By hosting China? Tieling’s first international folk art festival and many other initiatives attract visitors from all directions. In the whole year, it received 1.105 million domestic tourists and earned 410 million yuan. Received 1180 overseas travelers, an increase of 1.2 times over the previous year.

  VIII. Finance and Insurance

????Finance: At the end of 2002, the balance of various deposits of financial institutions in the city was 17.76 billion yuan, an increase of 2.02 billion yuan or 12.8% over the end of last year, of which the balance of corporate deposits was 2.41 billion yuan, a decrease of 70 million yuan over the end of last year; The balance of savings deposits was 14.95 billion yuan, an increase of 1.63 billion yuan over the end of last year; The balance of various loans of financial institutions was 17.82 billion yuan, an increase of 910 million yuan or 5.4% over the end of last year, of which: the balance of short-term loans was 14.49 billion yuan, an increase of 520 million yuan over the end of last year; The balance of medium and long-term loans was 2.56 billion yuan, an increase of 230 million yuan over the end of last year. The cash income of financial institutions was 63.91 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.97 billion yuan, an increase of 18.0% over the previous year; The cash expenditure of financial institutions was 65.99 billion yuan, an increase of 9.89 billion yuan and an increase of 18.0% over the previous year. The accumulated net cash investment was 2.08 billion yuan, 80 million yuan less than the same period of last year.

????Insurance: In 2002, the total insured amount of insurance institutions in the city was 23.15 billion yuan, an increase of 12.0% over the previous year; Insurance income was 410 million yuan, up 36.7%, including property insurance premium income of 100 million yuan and personal insurance premium income of 310 million yuan, up 11.1% and 47.6% respectively; The annual compensation amount was 66.17 million yuan, up by 17.6% over the previous year, including 55.89 million yuan for property insurance and 10.28 million yuan for personal insurance, up by 22.3% and -2.6% respectively.

  IX. Science and Technology, Education and Health

????Science and technology: In 2002, there were 12 municipal scientific research institutions and 1,271 people engaged in scientific research activities. In the whole year, 67 scientific and technological plans were organized and implemented, and 20 scientific and technological achievements were obtained, including 2 scientific and technological achievements at or above the provincial level, with an added output value of 32 million yuan, a profit tax of 5 million yuan, and 76 technical contracts with a turnover of 5.8 million yuan. 252 patent applications were accepted, an increase of 74 over the previous year, an increase of 41.6%; The city achieved a high-tech output value of 1.27 billion yuan, an increase of 40.0% over the previous year.

????Education: the enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.7%; The enrollment rate of junior high school-age population is 99.5%; The enrollment rate of junior high school graduates is 49.0%; There are 28,864 students in ordinary high schools, up by 12.7% over the previous year, including 1,666 students in private high schools, up by 30.6%. 8279 high school graduates have been promoted to ordinary colleges and universities; There are 5976 students in ordinary secondary schools; There are 6747 students in vocational high schools (vocational secondary schools); There are 399 secondary vocational school graduates admitted to higher vocational and technical colleges; The number of students enrolled in ordinary colleges and universities is 1007, with 2281 students; There are 410 students in adult colleges and universities independently; There are 344 students in the Adult Education College of ordinary colleges and universities; During the year, 10875 people obtained self-study books and junior college graduation certificates; There are 219,000 students in adult technical training schools; Rural primary and secondary schools have newly expanded 185,000 square meters of school buildings and renovated 127,000 square meters of dilapidated school buildings.

????Health: At the end of the year, there were 977 health institutions and 696 individual clinics in the city. 5,737 medical beds; There are 11,906 health technicians, including 3,544 doctors in hospitals and health centers, 2,676 nurses, 55 health and epidemic prevention and control institutions at the end of the year, and 1,080 health technicians; There are 8 women and children health institutions and 265 health technicians; 90 township hospitals.

  X. Culture and Broadcasting

????In 2002, there were 5 professional art performance groups, 9 mass art galleries and cultural centers, 93 cultural stations and 7 museums and cultural relics protection units in the city.

????Artistic performances: Professional artistic performance groups completed 86 performances during the year. Successfully held the China? Tieling first folk art festival and "Zhao Benshan Cup" essay contest, 20 works participated in the competition and performance in our city, and won 4 first prizes, 5 second prizes, 8 third prizes and 2 new seedlings prizes.

????Mass cultural activities: In 2002, the city carried out 100 large-scale mass cultural activities with healthy content, various forms and favorite, with 900,000 people participating in cultural activities. We sent 386 books and plays to the countryside, and sent 7284 books and 13000 scientific and technological materials. A total of 88 demonstration village cultural rooms, 11 specific cultural bases, 63 outstanding village cultural squares and 13 outstanding cultural communities were built, and more than 3,000 backbones of various art categories were trained. In the art, calligraphy and photography contest held in Liaoning Province, our city won 3 gold medals, 3 silver medals and 4 bronze medals for workers; "Celebrating National Day" held in Liaoning Province? In the exhibition of "Blue Ridge Cup" Square Cultural Excellence Program for the 16th National Congress, there were 5 gold medals and 2 silver medals in our city.

????Libraries: There are 9 public libraries in the city, with an area of 6,000 square meters and a collection of 480,000 books, an increase of 12,000 books or 2.6% over the previous year; Received 402,000 readers and held 64 activities for readers, with 37,000 participants; 651 articles (items) providing information services for readers.

????Press, publication and cultural market management: In 2002, the city conducted 21 large-scale centralized operations, dispatched 912 inspectors, inspected 602 business premises such as books, periodicals, audio-visual products, banned and closed 52 illegal business operators, punished illegal cases according to law, fined 115,000 yuan, collected and destroyed 12,650 illegal books and pirated teaching materials, and collected and destroyed 100,000 pirated audio-visual products.?

????Radio and TV: There are 7 city and county radio stations, 2 medium and short wave radio transmitting stations and relay stations in the city, and 10 programs are offered by radio stations, with a coverage rate of 95.3%. There are 5 city and county TV stations, 24 TV transmitting stations and relay stations in the city, of which 7 are over 1000 watts; The TV station offers 8 programs, and the TV population coverage rate is 95.4%.????

  XI. Sports

????Mass sports: carried out the winter fitness activities and national fitness month activities in 2002, and won the "excellent organization award of national fitness week activities in 2002"; Held a national fitness performance conference to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Comrade Mao Zedong’s inscription "Developing sports and strengthening people’s physique"; City stadiums and gymnasiums were named "National Youth Sports Club"; Completed five sets of "National Fitness Project"; Five people were rated as "advanced individuals of mass sports in Liaoning province" throughout the year; Eight units were rated as "advanced units of mass sports in Liaoning Province" and held the torch relay in Tieling City of the Ninth National Games in Liaoning Province. Participated in the Fifth Minority Games in Liaoning Province, and won the second place in the total number of gold medals and the total score of groups, with a sports population of more than 900,000.

????Competitive sports: won 29.6 gold medals and 87.1 medals in the Ninth National Games of Liaoning Province; At the 14th Asian Games, three athletes trained and transported by our city won gold medals; One person won two championships in the national race walking competition.

????Hosting Games: Successfully hosted the home game of Baocheng Real Estate Team, Liaoning Team, in 2002-2003, the first-class women’s basketball league of Cyber China; Organized and hosted the "Luneng Cup" China Women’s Table Tennis Club Super League match between Liaoning Bengang Tengda Team and Guangdong Fudi Pure Water Team in 2002; Organized the opening ceremony of the "Art Festival" and the Friendship Competition between Tiemei Group Entrepreneur Football Team and China Star Football; A city-wide student track and field competition was held.

  XII. Population, Employment and People’s Life

????Population: In 2002, the total population of the city reached 2.993 million, an increase of 4,671 over the previous year. Among the total population, the urban population is 433,000, accounting for 14.5%; County (city) population is 2.56 million, accounting for 85.5%; The agricultural population is 2.071 million, accounting for 69.2%; The non-agricultural population is 922,000, accounting for 30.8%.

????In 2002, the birth rate in the whole city was 7.35‰, up by 0.33 thousandths. The mortality rate was 5.15‰, down by 0.13 thousandths; The natural population growth rate was 2.38‰, up by 0.46 thousandths.

????Employment: At the end of the year, there were 1.34 million employees in the city, including 631,000 urban employees, down 11.5% from the end of last year. Among urban employees, the number of employees on the job is 240,000, a decrease of 14,000 or 5.5% from the end of last year; Among the employees on the job, there are 17,000 in the primary industry, which is the same as that of the previous year; There were 103,000 people in the secondary industry, down by 3.7%, and 120,000 people in the tertiary industry, down by 7.7%; Among the employees on the job, there are 142,000 state-owned employees, a decrease of 16,000; Collective 32,000 people, a decrease of 0.1 million people; Other 67,000 people, an increase of 0.4 million. There are 270,000 private and individual employees in cities and towns. The city has trained 24,000 laid-off workers and laid off 50,000 people.?

????Residents’ income: In 2002, the average wage of employees in the city was 6,550 yuan, an increase of 1,348 yuan or 25.9% over the previous year. Among them, the average wage of employees on the job was 9177 yuan, an increase of 1278 yuan or 16.2% over the previous year. The annual per capita disposable income of urban residents was 4,858 yuan, an increase of 155 yuan or 3.3% over the previous year. The per capita net income of rural residents was 2929 yuan, an increase of 266 yuan or 10.0% over the previous year; The Engel coefficient of households in cities is 36.3%, which is 4.2 percentage points lower than the previous year; 50.0% in rural areas, 0.5 percentage points lower than the previous year. The per capita savings deposits of urban and rural residents in the city reached 4,997 yuan, an increase of 12.1% over the previous year by 540 yuan.

????Living standard: according to the survey data of urban and rural households, the per capita living area of urban households in the city was 15.2 square meters at the end of the year; The per capita housing area of rural households is 21.6 square meters.

  XIII. Social Security and Social Welfare

????Social security: during the year, a total of 210 million yuan of basic old-age insurance for enterprises was collected, with a collection rate of 97.0%; The socialized distribution rate of retired pensions is 100%. Collect insurance premium of 37.1 million yuan, and enjoy 45,000 unemployed people in unemployment insurance benefits. The number of urban residents with minimum living security has reached 64,000, accounting for 7.1% of the city’s non-agricultural population, and 44.33 million yuan has been paid. Temporary relief funds of 6.58 million yuan were issued. The number of rural subsistence allowances has reached 13,000, accounting for 5.7‰ of the rural population. The total number of medical insurance participants is 198,000, and the participation rate is 60.0%.

????Social welfare: There are 109 welfare institutions and 4,666 beds in various social welfare facilities in the city. Adopted 3631 people. In the whole year, a total of 100 million yuan was raised to help the poor; Timely payment of temporary relief funds of 5.5 million yuan; 2,250 houses were built by urban and rural poor households. A regular social donation service network has been established, including 9 donation centers, 59 donation stations and 19 donation points. By the end of 2002, there were 181 welfare enterprises in the city, with sales income of 24,000 yuan and profits and taxes of 22.81 million yuan. In the whole year, 48.96 million yuan of welfare lottery tickets were sold and more than 4 million yuan of welfare funds were raised.

  XIV. Land, Urban Construction and Environmental Protection?????

????Land resources and development and utilization: At the end of 2002, the city’s land area was 12,980 square kilometers, with 8.1 million mu of cultivated land, and the total area of soil erosion control was 250,000 mu.?

????Urban construction: 31 roads were rebuilt throughout the year, 730,000 square meters of black roads were added, 220,000 square meters of sidewalks were paved, and 2,500 high-standard street lamps were installed; Transform the old urban area by 500,000 square meters, develop and build 710,000 square meters of residential buildings, and build 50,000 square meters of extremely poor residential buildings; The comprehensive capacity of urban water supply is 238,000 cubic meters per day, up by 28.0% over the previous year, the water penetration rate is 84.2%, up by 4.1 percentage points over the previous year, the length of water supply pipeline is increased by 19 kilometers, and the total water supply is 39.97 million cubic meters, up by 20.9% over the previous year. The total gas supply in the city was 53.57 million cubic meters, up by 3.2 times over the previous year, the gas consumption population increased by 116,000, and the gas penetration rate was 77.0%, up by 2.0 percentage points over the previous year. The urban heating capacity is 733 MW, up by 27.5% over the previous year, and the total heating capacity is 4.66 million Ji Jiao, up by 32.3% over the previous year. The heating area is 5.48 million square meters, an increase of 810,000 square meters or 17.3% over the previous year. In the whole year, 600,000 trees were planted in the city, with 77 hectares of new green space and 17 hectares of new public green space. Among them, more than 40,000 street trees were planted in the downtown area, 44 hectares of new green space, 5.5 hectares of new public green space and 850,000 flowers were planted. The park in front of the station was completely transformed, and the Tieling city sculpture was built, which added a new landscape to the city.

????Environmental protection: at the end of the year, there were 32 environmental protection system units in the city, including 7 environmental monitoring stations; Industrial wastewater discharge was 32.35 million tons, of which industrial wastewater discharge reached the standard of 26.96 million tons, up by 2.7% and 10.0% respectively over the previous year; The compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge was 82.9%, an increase of 5.5 percentage points over the previous year; There were 27 construction projects in the whole year, including 16 wastewater treatment projects and 11 waste gas treatment projects; The project completed this year has an additional wastewater treatment capacity of 3,992 tons/day and an exhaust gas treatment capacity of 278,300 standard cubic meters/hour.

  Note: The data in this bulletin are from 2002 Express.

Problems encountered during ETC system switching? Let’s look at the answer from the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission.

According to the news released by Shanghai on December 30, the Municipal Transportation Commission said that according to the unified deployment of the Ministry of Transport, at 0: 00 on January 1, 2020, the national expressway will be switched, and the "one network" operation will be officially implemented to fully realize the fast passage of provincial boundaries without stopping. At present, all the work in Shanghai is progressing in an orderly way, and it has entered the critical stage of the final sprint.

Recently, many citizens have reported that they have encountered problems in the process of expressway toll station traffic and ETC installation, and the Municipal Transportation Commission has sorted out the answers to some questions.

Q: Some citizens said that they can’t take the expressway several times a year, and they didn’t install ETC equipment. Is it impossible to take the expressway in the future?

A:Encourage vehicles to pass quickly by installing and using ETC. After the provincial toll station of expressway is cancelled, vehicles without ETC can also pass by collecting CPC card at the entrance of expressway and paying CPC card at the exit. However, vehicles installed with ETC can complete payment without stopping all the time, which is more efficient and conducive to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, from the perspective of convenience, energy saving and environmental protection, users are encouraged to give priority to the rapid passage of expressways through the installation and use of ETC. In addition, ETC users can also enjoy preferential policies for tolls.

In the future, there will be more and more ETC application scenarios, such as non-inductive payment in parking lots and gas stations in the city, and citizens can enjoy faster services.

Q: Many citizens have found that there are fewer mixed lanes (that is, manual +ETC) at toll stations, which has caused congestion. How will this situation be solved?

A:According to the requirements of the State Council, the popularization and application of ETC will be accelerated, and the utilization rate of ETC on expressways will reach over 90%. In order to ensure a smooth transition between the old and new systems, at least two mixed lanes have been reserved in the toll stations where conditions permit. However, the current utilization rate of ETC has not yet reached the requirements, and there are still many vehicles choosing mixed lanes during peak hours, so there is a phenomenon of queuing in mixed lanes.

In view of this phenomenon, the transportation department has improved the operation guarantee scheme of toll stations, sent additional guidance personnel to deal with all kinds of emergencies in time and ensure the traffic order of toll stations. To this end, the transportation department also called on drivers to install ETC equipment as soon as possible to ensure the smooth running of their vehicles.

Q: What if a non-ETC vehicle accidentally strays into the ETC lane?

A:Non-ETC vehicles are not allowed to pass through ETC lanes. If non-ETC vehicles mistakenly enter, they will be guided to mixed lanes by the staff.

The transportation department reminds that drivers should pay close attention to the signs before entering the toll station square. Generally, there is a striking ETC reminder sign about 1 km to the expressway toll station.

Artificial lanes or mixed lanes are mostly set on the right, and drivers should choose the corresponding lanes according to the actual situation.

Q: After the provincial toll station of expressway is cancelled, can I use mobile payment methods such as Alipay and WeChat to pay the toll?

A:Mobile payment is an effective supplement to cash payment. The cancellation of provincial toll stations on expressways will not affect the normal use of mobile payment, and users can still use mobile payment methods at toll stations that support mobile payment.

Q: Some ETC users have reported that ETC is installed, but the success rate of identification is unstable, and there are frequent situations of "jamming" and not lifting the pole.

A:After investigation, it was found that there were many reasons for the failure to identify:

(1) At present, the expressway toll collection system is in the stage of joint debugging, and the software and hardware of the system are not stable, which has a certain impact on the traffic efficiency.

(2) Some drivers failed to activate the ETC equipment in time, and the system could not be read even though the equipment was installed.

(3) the speed is too fast. The vehicle is driving too fast, and the system has no time to read the information.

(4) Lane ETC reading failure.

(5) Credit card arrears, card suspension and other reasons lead to unsuccessful deduction.

At present, the transportation department requires all expressway project companies to speed up the equipment debugging progress and strive to control the impact to a minimum; At the same time, each booth of the toll station is equipped with staff, and once the equipment is "stuck", the staff will deal with it in time.

Remind drivers again that during the use of ETC equipment, please complete the equipment activation as soon as possible. In addition, in case of "jam", check whether the card is loose due to vehicle bumps, and try again after re-plugging.

Q: How can I get the toll bill after canceling the provincial toll station of the expressway?

A:The way of obtaining toll invoices remains unchanged. Users who use ETC (or user card) to pay tolls can obtain electronic invoices through "Toll Road Toll Invoice Service Platform", namely "Ticket Stub" APP, applet and website (website: www.txffp.com); If users pay in cash, they can obtain paper bills for the paid fees at the export toll station.

Q: Some car owners report that the ETC customer service hotline is often busy and can’t get through, which affects the customer service satisfaction experience?

A:1. Traffic Card Company, as the ETC issuing and service organization in this city, has added 4000012319 customer service hotline this year, and at the same time, it has added resident customer service personnel to the original 12319 urban construction hotline to provide customers with consultation and after-sales service. Considering the surge of ETC users this year, in order to better provide ETC follow-up consultation, equipment replacement and other services, after equipment failure, we can go to 66 service agency outlets set up by transportation card company for equipment inspection and maintenance; Next year, the transportation card company has set out to establish an online service model to effectively improve the quality of user service and strive to improve the user service experience.

2. In case of arrears, audit, invalidation of bank debit account, etc., users will be issued with use restriction marks. In this case, users can contact the signing bank or consult through hotline, and unbind according to the relevant agreement signed with the signing bank, and generally go to the counter of the signing bank to unbind.

In addition, in case of problems such as deduction, the general bank will initiate the deduction within 24 hours after the user’s highway traffic consumption, and some banks will inform the user by SMS after initiating the deduction.

Common problems in the use of ETC

(1) Q: How to check whether ETC equipment works normally?

A: Reseat the card. After re-plugging the card and hearing the beep, the device is normal when "Charge Card" or "Amount" is displayed on the device screen. If failure information such as "Failure" is displayed, please go to ETC service outlets for detection.

(2) Q: Can ETC equipment be disassembled by itself?

A: No. ETC equipment has anti-disassembly function. Once it is disassembled or dropped by itself, it will not be used normally. You need to contact ETC service outlets to re-install and activate it.

(3) Q: What should I do if ETC equipment can be identified in some lanes and not in others?

A: If there are multiple toll stations or lanes that can’t pass smoothly, please go to ETC service outlets for ETC equipment testing.

(4) Q: How to repair damaged ETC equipment or cards?

A: Go to ETC service outlets. Bank co-branded cards must go to the issuing bank for maintenance, and other maintenance services can be handled at various ETC service outlets.

(5) Q: Can ETC equipment handled in other places be installed and maintained in Shanghai?

A: No. Due to different issuers, Shanghai ETC service outlets cannot provide services for ETC equipment issued by other provinces and cities.

(6) Q: Do ETC stored value cards have to be converted into charge cards?

A: ETC stored-value cards can still be used. If users need to convert it into a charge card, they can go to 66 offline outlets of the Communications Card Company and more than 400 one-stop outlets of banks. In the first quarter of next year, the transportation card company will launch an online processing mode, which is more convenient for users to handle.

(Original title: "During the switching of ETC system, the answer to the traffic question you care about is here! ",with deletion)