Cartography: Zhang Fangman
The Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Social Credit System and Promoting the Formation of a New Development Pattern issued by the Central Office and the State Council in March this year put forward that a perfect social credit system is an important guarantee for the effective connection between supply and demand, a solid foundation for the optimal allocation of resources, an important part of a good business environment, and of great significance for promoting the efficient and smooth circulation of the national economy and building a new development pattern.
How to further promote the construction of social credit system and boost the confidence of credit consumption? Readers and experts put forward opinions and suggestions based on their own experiences.
False propaganda uses the network platform to give birth to new routines, and pension fraud against the elderly has become a hot spot for complaints.
"The leaking area of the house is less than two square meters, and the maintenance cost tens of thousands of yuan!" Recently, Mr. Chen, a reader from Fujian, wrote to tell about his experience of being cheated. In May of this year, he saw an advertisement for "professional plugging" on a short video platform, and someone came to the door for testing shortly after leaving his phone number. "The master said that they used drilling high-pressure injection of glue to stop the leakage, with 150 yuan per catty of glue and 560 yuan per catty of paint. I asked how much it would cost, and the workers said it depends. As a result, after injecting the glue, he said that sharing 55 kg of glue and 12 kg of paint cost me 15,000 yuan. And there is no agreement, just a verbal commitment to a 10-year warranty. " Mr. Chen said.
Coincidentally, Ms. Yang, a reader, also experienced a similar experience: "The glue that costs a few cents costs 100 yuan per catty. Before making up, I told me that I needed about 4 kilograms, but after making up, I said that I used 136 kilograms." According to the clues provided by her, the Market Supervision Administration of Lixin County, Bozhou City, Anhui Province found that the two construction workers were residents of a village in the old town of Lixin County, and they were away from home all the year round and did not have corresponding qualifications. They use the network platform to publish false propaganda, and contact consumers with single-line construction, with only verbal promises and no written agreements, which makes it more difficult for consumers to defend their rights.
In recent years, local market supervision departments have carried out special rectification actions against false propaganda and illegal advertisements, and investigated and dealt with a number of illegal cases. For example, some exaggerations, a company in Ji ‘an City, Jiangxi Province, said that its shops "buy and rent immediately" and "return the owners stably at 8% to 10% of the total house price every year"; Some false propaganda, a company in Heilongjiang claimed that its instrument was "fat carving instrument", "with radio frequency heating technology, 4 million energy exchanges per second, which instantly heated the fat layer to 70 degrees Celsius". Investigating these typical cases has played a warning role in illegal advertising behavior.
With the acceleration of China’s aging population, some fraud gangs are targeting the elderly. "The elderly have more assets in their hands, but their ability to prevent and identify is relatively weak. In recent years, various types of fraud crimes against the elderly have been heard from time to time." Jiangsu reader Xu Peihua said.
According to the tips issued by the WeChat WeChat official account of Hubei Provincial Procuratorate, there are false old-age care services for the elderly. Liars use the forms of providing beds and on-site care to trick the elderly into signing contracts and paying fees. In fact, the services do not exist at all; There are false investments in wealth management, giving small gifts such as rice and eggs to guide the elderly to download the so-called wealth management APP, and then taking high returns as bait, after the elderly charge the money into the APP, they will never get it out again; There are fake old-age care products, which are called "miracle effects", but in fact they exaggerate their effects, and some are fake and shoddy products; There is a false "house-to-house pension", and the swindler mortgages the property to the loan company at a high interest rate and then runs away with the money, leaving the old people with money and houses empty.
Recently, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate released six typical cases of cracking down on the crime of pension fraud. "Cao Mouming’s fund-raising fraud case" is one example. A few years ago, Cao Mouming set up a series of companies such as Jiangsu Aiwan Investment Co., Ltd. to make false propaganda under the guise of providing home-based aged care services and investing in art. They choose parks, vegetable markets and other areas where the elderly often live, and attract the elderly by giving out small gifts and taking high returns as bait to induce the elderly to participate in fund-raising by signing "home service contracts" and "art trading contracts". Founded more than five years ago, the company has absorbed more than 13.207 billion yuan from more than 110,000 people. Finally, Cao Mouming absconded with the money, causing huge property losses to the participants.
Fraud seriously damages consumers’ rights and interests, increases social transaction costs and affects consumer market confidence.
In addition to economic losses, fraud may also endanger the health and safety of victims. Mr. Huang from Liaoning complained on the "Leadership Message Board" of People’s Daily Online that the elderly at home heard an advertisement saying that a hypoglycemic capsule could treat diabetes, so they called and spent 7960 yuan to buy several courses. "Tens of dollars of medicine sold for thousands of dollars, the old man ate for a few days, but his condition became more and more serious. We found out that this is a prescription drug. How can we sell it to the elderly casually? " Mr. Huang is very angry.
In the new network economy, online training has developed rapidly because it is not limited by time and space. The dishonesty of some online training not only harms the interests of consumers, but also affects people’s confidence in new formats. Reader Ms. Cai complained on People’s Daily Online’s "Leadership Message Board". In December last year, she paid 21,800 yuan for an e-commerce training course of a company in Hangzhou. "The salesperson said that she could help me open an online store on the cross-border e-commerce platform. I can’t afford to pay tuition. The salesperson said that credit cards or online loans can be used. After three or four months of operation, the online store can earn thousands of dollars a month and will soon be able to return to the book. " After listening, Ms. Cai found that the course was actually a free tutorial of the e-commerce platform, and asked for a refund, but it was rejected. Up to now, Ms. Cai’s online shop has been operating for more than 5 months, and her monthly income is only 100 yuan. Ms. Cai said that this lesson made her nervous about online training: "I won’t participate again, I will be very cautious."
Prepaid consumption is a common trading mode at present, but some merchants delay without reason, refuse to refund the fees reasonably for consumers, or appear to "run away" in breach of contract. Ms. Liang, a reader from Beijing, wrote that she heard that a housekeeping agency had a good reputation and paid more than 40,000 yuan in housekeeping service fees in advance. Unexpectedly, the boss of the company "ran away". Later, she changed to a housekeeping company and paid half a year’s money in advance. Soon she heard that this company was dying, which scared her to apply for a refund. "I didn’t dare to use domestic parenting again. But we have to go to work, and the old man is really tired of taking care of the children alone. " Ms. Liang said.
He Zhe, a professor at the Department of Public Administration of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), said that honesty is an important guarantee for the operation of the market economy. A market lacking integrity will greatly dampen the willingness of both parties to trade, increase the cost of social transactions, reduce the enthusiasm of market investment and increase the difficulty of supervision.
Focus on typical cases, crack down on fraud, build a credit network system and promote the construction of credit projects.
"Many typical cases now have a great social impact. If consumers have no recourse and cannot get compensation for a long time, it will greatly affect the subsequent development of the industry." He Zhe believes that to create an honest environment, on the one hand, we should focus on typical cases and increase the punishment for breach of trust and promise; on the other hand, we should promote the "credit+"project in some key areas, improve the integrity level of the industry, and make overall plans to promote the construction of credit projects according to laws and regulations.
Recently, the Consumer Council of Shenzhen pushed 10 enterprises and principal responsible persons who failed to refund the advance payment of consumers as agreed to the Shenzhen Public Credit Center for publicity. Now, by inputting the unified social credit code into Shenzhen Credit Network, you can find the "regulatory information" marked by 10 companies including Sayer Education Consulting Co., Ltd., for example, "Since February 2022, Nanshan District Consumer Council has received 22 complaints from consumers about Shenzhen Sayer Education Consulting Co., Ltd., involving an amount of more than 1.085 million yuan. Consumers reported that the company could not provide offline teaching services, the reasonable refund request was rejected, and it was unable to get in touch with the merchants. " This is one of the important measures taken by Shenzhen Consumer Council to build an all-round credit supervision mechanism of "one place is untrustworthy and limited everywhere". In addition to the public push of information, they will also support consumers to file a lawsuit against this untrustworthy enterprise.
Recently, the news that a film and television actor’s advertising endorsement was suspected of violating the relevant provisions of the advertising law and was fined 7.2212 million yuan has attracted much attention. He Yonghai, a reader in Sichuan, said that in the past, celebrity endorsements were illegal, and at most they were fined. However, this time, according to the law, they were not allowed to endorse advertisements for three years, and the disciplinary effect was stronger. "It is not worth the loss to endorse illegal advertisements, so that celebrities can always maintain awe of the law when they endorse them."
The Measures for the Administration of the List of Serious Violations of Laws and Trustworthiness in Market Supervision and Management, which was officially implemented in September 2021, clarified that serious violations of consumers’ legitimate rights and interests in the fields of food, medicine, quality and safety and fair competition will be included in the list management of serious violations of laws and trust. As of March this year, local market supervision departments have listed more than 700 market entities in the list of serious violations of law and dishonesty to the public. The State Administration of Market Supervision also exposed typical cases to create a good consumption environment by deterring illegal activities.
At the same time, with the increasingly effective construction of social credit system, some enterprises have also stepped into the benign track of self-supervision and honest management. Liu Guangli, vice chairman of Beijing Enterprise Evaluation Association, said that in recent years, the pace of promoting the construction of honest enterprises has become faster and faster. In 2017, Beijing Enterprise Evaluation Association successively launched the credit evaluation of industry enterprises in conjunction with 17 industry associations including Beijing Software and Information Service Industry Association, Beijing Zhongguancun High-tech Enterprise Association, Beijing Informatization Association, Beijing Electric Power Industry Association and Beijing Clean Industry Association. By the end of May 2022, 42 batches of 604 credit A-level enterprises had been publicized to the public. In July, 2020, the Beijing Enterprise Evaluation Association led the formulation of the "Beijing Integrity Creation Enterprise Accreditation Standard" which was officially implemented. At present, the information of credit evaluation enterprises has been publicized in "Beijing Enterprise Credit Information Network" and "Credit China (Beijing)". In the bidding of enterprises in furniture industry and construction industry, some credit indicators can get preferential treatment such as extra points or similar priority, and the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in credit construction is increasing.
The "credit+"project in domestic and other industries is also continuing to advance. In 2020, the Ministry of Commerce launched the "Home Economics Credit Check" mobile APP to collect information such as the identity, criminal record, physical examination status, training and employment of domestic workers. With the authorization of domestic workers, consumers can inquire about the above information according to law. At present, the construction of credit system of domestic service industry has been promoted and implemented throughout the country. Taking Chongqing as an example, as of May this year, 475 domestic enterprises in Chongqing have registered with the information management system of domestic service industry of the Ministry of Commerce, of which 467 have completed the reporting of enterprise credit information, and a total of 61,442 domestic service personnel have been reported.
It takes a long time to work hard. He Zhe suggested that to create a credit consumption environment, we should adhere to the rule of law as the foundation, take supervision as the driving force, take typical cases as a warning, strengthen judicial investigation, vigorously promote the construction of integrity, and make honesty and trustworthiness a common practice.