标签： 上海水磨外卖工作室

　　[New Car Launch in car home] The Guangzhou Auto Show will arrive as scheduled in 2020. As the last auto show in China and even the whole world this year, even if it is less than two months before the end of the Beijing Auto Show, manufacturers from all walks of life will do their best to show the latest products to consumers in China, including the heavy world premiere models and listed models. We have counted a total of 120 new cars, so let’s come together for you. Please follow me to the summary of new cars launched/listed at Guangzhou Auto Show in 2020.

1.1 Hall: Kia, Geely, Geometry, Dongfeng Scenery, Dongfeng Popular, jiangling motors.

Starting: smart running Ace

　　On the opening day of Guangzhou Auto Show in 2020, Kia brought a brand-new (|)Ace model, which will appear as a smart running replacement model, with considerable changes in appearance.

　　The appearance of the smart running Ace has changed a lot compared with the old smart running model. The grille is integrated with the headlights and the size is larger than before. The headlights are irregularly shaped, and the whole front of the car is heavier than the cash.

　　The lines at the rear of the car are more complicated, the spoiler on the roof is very prominent, and the overall layering is richer than the cash. The taillights are designed vertically, and the two light strips are very eye-catching. The new car will be upgraded in appearance and chassis, in which the length of the car body will be increased by 70mm to 4530 mm. We expect that the positioning of new cars will continue to maintain the compact SUV market, so as to compete with products such as Hyundai ix35, Volkswagen Tuyue and Nissan Hacker.

　　In terms of power, the new car will be equipped with a 1.5T high-power engine with a maximum power of 200 HP. In addition, in terms of configuration, Zhirun Ace is also equipped with DRIVE WiSE intelligent driving assistance system, Baidu intelligent network 3.0 system, 10.25-inch central control large screen and 7-inch LCD dashboard, providing real-time navigation, online music, voice interaction and other functions.

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1.2 Hall: Bentley, Gaohe, Lamborghini, Tesla, Weimar, aston martin, Maisharui, etc.

Starting: Bentley Continental GT Mulliner convertible edition

　　On the opening day of the 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show, Bentley brought the Bentley Continental GT Mulliner Convertible (convertible version). The new car has been launched online before. Bentley’s Mulliner department has always been known for its rich customization, and the European GT Mulliner Convertible model released this time has also been upgraded in customization and refinement.

　　In terms of appearance, the Continental GT Mulliner Convertible is consistent with the current Continental GT convertible model in overall appearance, but a brand-new unique design is added in appearance and interior details.

　　The theme of the Continental GT Mulliner Convertible released this time is "Double Diamond", and its body grilles all adopt silver/black inlaid double diamond grilles, including the front middle net and the air vents under the fender. In addition, the new car is also equipped with a new 22-inch rim, which also uses a silver/black color scheme. At the same time, the Bentley LOGO in the center of the rim also adopts a floating design, which can keep still when the wheel rotates. Bentley also offers 61 Mulliner extended paint colors for the new car to choose from.

　　As for the interior, Bentley Mulliner Department has also added a lot of elements of "Double Diamond" theme to this European GT Mulliner Convertible, the most obvious of which is the double diamond-shaped textured leather all over the seat, door panel and rear convertible cover, and it is decorated with two different colors of stitching. Each double diamond pattern consists of 712 stitches, and the total number of stitches in the whole carriage is 400,000, which fully shows the exquisiteness and luxury of Bentley Mulliner’s customization.

"Official Map of Continental GT Mulliner Convertible"

　　In addition, Continental GT Mulliner Convertible provides eight customizable three-color interior color schemes, and the hand-sewn "Mulliner" logo is added to the seat headrest. At the same time, the interior of the new car is also equipped with the exclusive Breitling car timer, seven kinds of interior atmosphere lights, Bentley LOGO-style welcome projection and 18 speakers +2 Active Bass sensors sound system.

"Official Map of Continental GT Mulliner Convertible"

　　　In terms of power, the Continental GT Mulliner Convertible is consistent with the ordinary version, and will be equipped with a 6.0T W12 engine with a maximum power of 635 HP and a peak torque of 900 Nm. The transmission is matched with an 8-speed dual clutch gearbox, and its 0-100km/h acceleration time is 3.8 seconds, and the top speed can reach 333 km/h.

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Starting: Weimar EX6 Plus Xinghui Edition

　　On the opening day of the 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show, Weimar Auto officially brought us the Weimar EX6 Plus Xinghui version. The new car adopts a two-color body with a special logo, and the overall visual effect is outstanding.

　　In terms of appearance, the most striking thing about the new car is the two-color body, with cyan as the main color below the waistline and gold as the main color above, which looks like a full gas field. The new car adopts Weimar family design, and the headlight group is long and narrow, which is connected with the black decorative board of the front part and looks very harmonious.

　　In the side modeling, the new car uses a hidden door handle, the body lines are extremely round, and the rims are also decorated with gold elements. The exclusive "W" logo with black characters on a gold background is also printed on the upper side of the right front wheel eyebrow. In the rear styling, the new car uses penetrating taillights with Weimar brand Logo in the middle, which looks quite fashionable.

　　In terms of power, the new car is expected to be consistent with the Weimar EX6 Plus model. For reference, Weimar EX6 Plus is equipped with a motor produced by Borg Warner, with a maximum power of 160kW(218Ps) and a maximum torque of 315 N m. The car is equipped with batteries of Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited NCM811. The battery capacity is divided into 69kWh and 54kWh, and the cruising range is 500km and 400km respectively.

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Starting: Weimar EX5-Z Yaoshi Elite Special Edition

　　At the 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show, Weimar brought a special model of Weimar EX5-Z obsidian elite. As a special edition model, it mainly adjusts the appearance/interior details and upgrades the configuration.

　　This special edition model will be based on Weimar EX5-Z, and will show brand-new effects in design, painting and performance. Specifically, the new car adopts a highly personalized "Obsidian Cutting" design language, which sharpens the shape and gives the whole car a fierce style, while the minimalist style highlights the sense of science and technology. "Star-track" front and rear lights are integrated, which looks like "darth vader" of Star Wars Darth Vader.

　　The new car uses 21-inch lightweight sports wheels to make the proportion of the side body more harmonious. Aerodynamic wide-body modification of side skirts can reduce air resistance and increase body fullness. The new car adopts a unique "DarkSeltzer" color. In terms of chassis, the new car strengthens the key parts such as suspension shock absorption and braking, and carries out sports chassis training.

　　Weimar EX5-Z is equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous motor, with a maximum power of 160kW(218Ps) and a maximum torque of 315 N m. NEDC has two versions of cruising range of 400km and 520km. For more information, please stay tuned for car home’s follow-up reports.

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Listing: aston martin DB11

　　On the opening day of 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show, aston martin DB11 V8 Violet Sports Car made its debut in China, and announced its price as follows.2.208 million yuanGet up If you make a reservation during the auto show, you can pay a deposit of 300,000-500,000 yuan. It is expected that the new car will be delivered within half a year.

　　In terms of appearance, the new car uses a rare purple body. According to the official, "Violet Purple" is selected from the traditional color of China, which symbolizes "getting out of the mud without getting stained" and has an elegant temperament.

　　Coincidentally, at the Guangzhou Auto Show in the same period last year, aston martin DB11 Volante was officially listed with a price of 2,898,000 yuan. At that time, the car provided users in China with a unique cardamom purple paint with a black roof, which was exclusive to users in China. From cardamom purple to violet purple, this ultra-luxury brand shows its awe and integration of China traditional culture.

　　In terms of power, it is expected to be equipped with a 4.0-liter twin-turbocharged V8 engine, with a maximum power of 510 HP and a peak torque of 675 Nm, just like the ordinary version of aston martin DB11. The transmission system is matched with an 8-speed automatic manual transmission.

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Listing: aston martin DB11 Volante

　　　On the opening day of Guangzhou Auto Show in 2020, aston martin DB11 Volante Skyfall Silver sports car made its debut in China, and announced that its price started at 2,308,000 yuan. If you make a reservation during the auto show, you can pay a deposit of 300,000-500,000 yuan. It is expected that the new car will be delivered within half a year.

　　In terms of appearance, the biggest feature of the new car based on DB11 Volante in aston martin is that it adopts brand-new car paint. Inspired by the 007 series movie "Breaking the Sky", its designer mixed the silver-based car paint with a little blue highlights, showing a little sky-like light blue.

　　As for the regular model, aston martin DB11 Volante was listed at the Guangzhou Auto Show in the same period last year, with a price of 2,898,000 yuan. At that time, the car provided China users with a unique cardamom purple paint with a black roof, which was specially designed for consumers in China.

　　In terms of power, the new car is expected to be equipped with a 4.0T V8 engine with a maximum power of 510 HP and a peak torque of 675 Nm. In terms of transmission, they all match the 8-speed automatic manual transmission.

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Pre-sale: Maisha Rui Cayenne

　　On the opening day of the 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show, the Maisha Rui Cayenne fine white version was officially unveiled. The new car adopted the exclusive fine white body color and was modified for the appearance and interior.The pre-sale price of the car previously announced was 1.588 million yuan..

　　As a modified car, the new car uses a large number of carbon fiber kits. The engine cover, the front enclosure, the decorative parts of the air intake grille, the decorative parts of the fender air intake, the side skirts, the wheel eyebrows, the spoiler on the tailgate, the rear enclosure and the diffuser on the rear enclosure are all made of carbon fiber, and the brand LOGO of Maisharui is also on it.

　　On the whole, the new car is matched with fine white paint, and the contrast between black and white is not only classic, but also highlights the original curve of the vehicle. In addition, the new car is equipped with a 22-inch double-five-spoke alloy rim customized by Maisharui. The color inside the rim echoes the body painting, and the visual effect is more full.

　　Maisharui also modified the interior of the new car, such as the whole car leather and Alcantara material coating, analog tachometer with black dial and so on. The new car is also equipped with electric suction door, heated rear window with automatic closing function, PDLS dynamic lighting system, front seat with heating and massage, etc.

　　In terms of power, the new car is consistent with the standard version of the Cayenne. The 3.0-liter V6 twin-turbo engine has a maximum power of 340 HP and a peak torque of 450 Nm. With the help of an 8-speed automatic manual transmission and a four-wheel drive system, it can accelerate from standstill to 100 km/h in 6.2 seconds.

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Listing: LUMMA CLR V

　　The 2020 Guangzhou Auto Show officially opened on November 20th. On the opening day of the auto show, LUMMA CLR V, a brand new model of modified brand Lumma, was officially launched.The new car starts at 1.38 million yuan.LUMMA CLR V is a modified model based on Mercedes-Benz V-Class, which has been upgraded in appearance and interior.

　　Perhaps many viewers are still a little unfamiliar with the brand LUMMA, which is a German modified brand born in 1987. Horst Lumma, the founder, made his fortune by doing maintenance and modification for customers, and later became popular by making convertible modifications for vehicles, and then began to make efforts in appearance modification, gradually forming the current style.

　　The CLR V unveiled this time can be regarded as LUMMA’s first model based on MPV. The new car still inherits the fierce appearance style of CLR series products. The middle net part uses a vertical bar design, and the widened chrome-plated edging is very strong in visual effect. The front surround below has exaggerated aerodynamic components, and the whole front face looks full of aggression.

　　Compared with the front face, the designer has maintained relative restraint in other parts of CLR V. Under the painting of the two-color body, the rearview mirror with carbon fiber shell and the air inlet of the front fender with carbon fiber are hidden, and the exhaust pipe with four sides is also adopted at the rear of the vehicle. At the same time, the brake system of the new car has been upgraded. The front 6-piston brake calipers and large-hole brake discs can be vaguely seen in the museum map sent back from the front. In addition, the new car is equipped with Michelin Pilot Sport 4 tires that emphasize sports.

　　LUMMA adds a lot of sportiness to the interior of the new car, including the red leather wrapping on the door panel and the center console, the Alcantara material wrapping on the instrument panel, the sports seat with black and red stitching and the steering wheel similar to the AMG model.

　　In addition to CLR V, LUMMA booth of this auto show also released LUMMA CLR G770 (based on Mercedes-Benz G) and LUMMA CLR RS (based on Land Rover Range Rover Sport). These two models also made their debut in China, with prices of 3.98 million yuan and 1.68 million yuan respectively.

Authors: Wang Ruliang, Hou Chuanwen (School of History, Nanjing University, College of Literature, Qingdao University)

Culture and civilization are two important categories in the field of humanities and social sciences, and they are also a pair of terms with similarities, differences and complex relationships. There have always been different views on the connotation and extension of the two and the relationship between them, or different perspectives, or positions first, and no relatively consistent and clear understanding has been formed. The author tries to distinguish it from a comprehensive perspective.

Definition: broad sense and narrow sense

From the perspective of etymology, the original meaning of "culture" is cultivation and farming. Compared with nature, everything created by human processing belongs to culture. Therefore, one of the most extensive definitions of culture is "culture is humanization", which means all human activities and their achievements. Taylor, a British cultural anthropologist, put forward in his book Primitive Culture that "culture or civilization, in its broad ethnological sense, is a complex whole including knowledge, faith, art, morality, law, customs and the abilities and habits acquired by anyone as a member of society". He regards culture and civilization as synonyms and refers to them as the overall achievement of human activities.

Culture in a broad sense can be divided into material, system, custom, spirit and other levels: material culture refers to the results created by manual labor; Institutional culture, including macro-level laws and regulations, administrative system and micro-level rules and regulations; Custom culture refers to customs, traditions and practices that have been established and passed down from generation to generation; Spiritual culture refers to the achievements of human spiritual activities with literature, history, philosophy, ethics, religion and aesthetics as the main connotations. Culture in a narrow sense mainly refers to human spiritual activities and their achievements, which is the fourth level in the above broad understanding. Marxism holds that "a certain culture is the ideological reflection of politics and economy in a certain society", and regards culture as a certain ideological form, that is, it belongs to a narrow understanding.

The word "civilization" originated from the ancient Latin civis and civilis, its original meaning is urban residents, and it is extended to the citizenship of the Romans, which means that it is superior to the living conditions of foreigners at that time, especially barbarians, so "civilization" is relative to "savage" or "primitive". However, the evolution and use of "civilization" in later generations are far more complicated. Fukuzawa Yukichi, a modern Japanese enlightenment thinker, pointed out: "The meaning of civilization can be interpreted in a broad sense and a narrow sense. In a narrow sense, it is simply to increase the material needs of human beings by manpower or to increase the appearance decoration of food, clothing and shelter. If interpreted in a broad sense, it is not only to pursue the enjoyment of food, clothing and shelter, but also to inspire Xiu De and raise mankind to a noble realm. " That is to say, the narrow sense of civilization is limited to the development in the material field, while the broad sense of civilization includes the development in the material field and the progress in the spiritual field. In his understanding, man is a senior life pursuing meaning, and naturally he should not be satisfied with food and clothing for a while; Civilization is dynamic, and awakening, independence and civilization are the only way for a nation to achieve civilization. In the context of China, the word "civilization" is often understood in its broad sense. For example, the Encyclopedia of China (Philosophical Volume) interprets civilization as the sum of material and spiritual achievements of human beings in transforming the world, and the History of Chinese Civilization edited by Yuan Xingpei also decomposes civilization into three aspects in its general introduction: material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization.

Relationship: diachronic and synchronic

From the diachronic point of view, "civilization" is the product of the development of culture to a certain stage, and the two have their own priorities. In a broad sense, culture is humanization. Since people came into being, there has been conscious or unconscious cultural creation, but not since people came into being. In this sense, civilization is a concept that represents the evolution of human history, as opposed to the uncivilized and barbaric cultural state. This can also be derived from the western etymology of the two: the root of culture, whose original meaning is farming, originated from the early agricultural production mode of human beings, and the root of civilization, whose original meaning is urban and civil, originated from the urban life that appeared in the later period of human beings.

The discussion on the symbol of civilization mainly focuses on the following aspects: politically, there are large urban settlements, magnificent public buildings, obvious class division of residents and the formation of a country; Economically, there is a developed social division of labor and commodity exchange, a relatively fixed tax system or a regular tribute system; Ideologically, there are relatively unified religious beliefs of the whole nation, including objects of worship and sacrificial ceremonies; In culture and education, there are the use of words and the development of science and technology, and there are some forms of schools. Only a society with the above symbols and characteristics in culture can be considered as a civilized society. In other words, the formation of a civilized society needs the accumulation and breakthrough of culture and special conditions and opportunities; Civilization is the result of human beings’ transformation of nature, society and themselves to a certain extent, and it is an advanced stage of cultural development.

From a synchronic point of view, there are two main types of understanding of the relationship between them at present. In the first category, the two are regarded as synonyms, which are interlinked and cross-cutting, and can be broadly understood as human activities and their achievements, either undifferentiated or biased. The former is like Taylor’s understanding in Primitive Culture, and the latter is like Qian Mu’s point of view, "Generally civilized culture refers to the life of human groups. Civilization is on the outside, which belongs to the material aspect. Cultural bias is a spiritual aspect. " The second category regards civilization as an aggregate that embodies cultural identity and classifies cultures. Huntington, an American scholar, thinks in The Clash of Civilizations and the Reconstruction of World Order that "a civilization is the most extensive cultural entity … civilization is the highest cultural classification of people and the widest range of people’s cultural identity". This view is more representative in international academic circles, such as The Decline of the West by Bingler, Historical Research by Toynbee, and The Rise of the West-The History of Human Community by McNeill. Huntington took religion as the main symbol to define different civilizations, and divided the world after the Cold War into eight civilizations: Christian civilization, Confucian civilization, Islamic civilization, Japanese civilization, Indian civilization, Orthodox civilization, Latin American civilization and African civilization. This is similar to the four major cultural circles in the world: European and American cultural circles with Christian culture as the main body, East Asian cultural circles with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism as the main body, South Asian cultural circles with Hinduism and Buddhism as the main body, and West Asian and North African cultural circles with Islamic culture as the main body. Comparatively speaking, "cultural circle" has been replaced by "civilization" in appellation.The number has expanded from four to many, and the same thing is that religion is the dividing standard.

Application: subjective and objective

Culture and civilization are objective academic terms, which do not reflect specific value judgments. However, in the process of practical application, it is often artificially subjective, and the more representative ones are "culture-centered theory" and "civilization superiority theory".

Cultural-centered theory takes "self" culture as the center, and holds that self-culture’s beliefs, values, lifestyles and behavioral norms are superior to "other" culture. It may be generated and used between different cultural groups, different cultural categories and different cultural regions within the same civilization, and it may also be generated and used between different civilizations. The former is like Huaxia centralism in ancient China, and the latter is like Western centralism in modern times. The theoretical point of the latter is that after the Enlightenment, bourgeois revolution and industrial revolution, western culture is more advanced and developed than the East in politics, economy, science and technology, representing historical progress and inevitability.

In view of all kinds of cultural centralism, in the second half of the 20th century, the debate between cultural universalism and cultural relativism arose all over the world. Cultural universalism holds that the truth and value of human beings are universal and absolute, and human cultures have similar goals, unified values and common laws of development, which will surely be unified under the leadership of advanced and advanced cultures. Cultural relativism is the result of reflection on deconstructing cultural universalism and facing multicultural phenomena. It emphasizes that each culture has heterogeneity and independence that other cultures cannot share. Therefore, culture is relative and cannot be compared according to a unified model. The author believes that culture has both universality and relativity. Universality is the commonality of human culture, and relativity is the individuality of various cultures. Only by recognizing the commonness of culture and respecting the individuality of culture can we break away from the stereotype of cultural centralism.

The theory of superiority of civilization is a subjective argument that advocates that one’s own civilization is superior to other civilizations in history or reality. In history, the most representative is the "white superiority theory" based on racial differences. Morgan pointed out in "Ancient Society": "Aryans and Sumerians were the first to break away from the civilized state among all branches of human beings … These two groups were essentially the founders of civilization." Because Aryans and semu are both white, some westerners draw the conclusion that white people created civilization earlier, and then form the theory of white superiority. In fact, the four ancient civilizations in the East were all multi-racial, and the yellow race, black race and white race all participated in the creation of civilizations. In reality, the most representative is the theory of stagnation of eastern civilization, which is another form of the theory of superiority of western civilization. Its main point is that the eastern civilization, which has tended to be patterned and stereotyped in philosophy, literature, education and other fields since modern times, has been in a state of stagnation and needs to be stimulated and saved by the western civilization, which has been constantly reborn and developed sharply. This argument became an excuse for colonialists to invade and expand. For example, Fukuzawa Yukichi once advocated the war of aggression against China as a "war of civilization".

In this regard, in 1853, Marx put forward the scientific conclusion of colonialism’s dual mission in two articles: British rule in India and the future result of British rule in India. "Britain has to complete its dual mission in India: one is to destroy the old Asian society; The other is the mission of reconstruction, that is, to lay a material foundation for a western-style society in Asia. " In other words, the colonialists "acted as an unconscious tool of history" while doing all the bad things. This is the dialectics of history, not the so-called victory of superior civilization.

In a word, culture and civilization need to distinguish between broad and narrow meanings according to specific contexts. The relationship between them can be analyzed from the synchronic and diachronic perspectives. The theory of cultural center and the theory of civilization superiority are the results of the subjective application of these two concepts, which should be clearly understood.

(This article is the phased achievement of the major project "Oriental Cultural History" (11-ZD 082) of the National Social Science Fund)

Source: China Social Sciences Network-China Social Sciences News