分类： zudao

Can the self-heating food praised by capital become the ＂next instant noodle＂？

　　Text | "Financial Weekly" reporter Li Yuxi Intern Luo Yubai Liu Yangnan

　　The rainstorm disaster in Henan province is serious, instant noodles have become important relief materials as before, but self-heating food, which has high hopes from capital, has not come in handy at this critical moment.

　　Self-heating food refers to prepackaged foods which is heated by its own heating bag without relying on electricity or fire. When in use, just put the special heating bag at the bottom of the food box and pour a cup of cold water to make steaming food.

　　In 2020, the epidemic broke out suddenly, and the self-heating food, which has been tepid, got a rare opportunity for development. New brands and products emerged one after another, and capital followed suit. Self-heating food was once thought to be expected to take over instant noodles as the next "national food".

　　However, with the national epidemic peak receding, the take-away and in-house food formats gradually returned to normal, and industries such as pre-made food rose, and the heat of self-heated food also dissipated. Single eating scene, high price, safety and other issues have all become obstacles for self-heating food to embark on the road of "national food".

　　With high hopes from capital and bets from many enterprises, self-heating food is facing a growth dilemma. Is it still expected to become the "next instant noodle"? What should we do next?

　　Is the self-heating food cold?

　　The founder of a well-known domestic catering brand told the reporter that self-heating food appeared in early 2000 and remained tepid until 2017. 2017 is a turning point. Without much marketing promotion, self-heating hot pot began to become popular, which is partly due to changes in the consumer market that have driven changes in the industry.

　　The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 has changed the development of self-heating food.

　　During the outbreak of the epidemic, the restaurant and take-out were blocked, and the demand for special home food brought about a spurt of self-heating food. Omni-channel sales have soared, major e-commerce platforms are out of stock quickly, and offline supermarkets are "in short supply". Self-heating food has become the first choice for many people to solve the problem of eating at home during the special period.

　　Tmall data shows that since February 2020, the overall sales volume of convenience foods has increased by 7 times year-on-year, among which self-heating foods have the fastest increase. During the Spring Festival, the online order volume of "Zi Hei Guo" exceeded 200%, and the shipment volume of "Shi Ren" increased by 30% year-on-year, and the turnover in March increased to 90 million yuan.

　　What followed was the follow-up of brands and capital. According to the incomplete statistics of the reporter of Caijing National Weekly, at present, there are more than 350 self-heating food brands on the market.

　　In the convenience food industry, after the unified introduction of self-heating food, Jinmailang, Master Kong, Baixiang, Zhengda and Keming followed suit. Outside the industry, Yang Guofu, who makes mala Tang, Haidilao and Xiaolongkan, who make hot pot, and even snack brands such as Three Squirrels and Liangpin Shop, as well as online celebrity, such as Li Ziqi, have all entered the market.

　　Capital with a keen sense of smell will naturally not let go of this fiery new field.

　　In May, 2020, in just one month, there were three tens of millions of financing in the field of fast food, namely "eater", "self-hi pot" and "Mo Xiaoxian". The investors included well-known investment institutions such as Gaoying Group, Jingwei China and Jinding Capital. Among them, as the "first brand" of self-heating food, the self-cooking pot has been established for more than three years, and it has already received five rounds of financing, of which the C++ round of financing has exceeded 100 million yuan.

　　However, the spring of self-heating food seems to be too short. After the domestic epidemic situation has been effectively controlled, take-away food, in-house food and other formats have returned, and self-heating food is no longer the main choice of consumers. In the second half of 2020, self-heating food will enter a downward channel.

　　A business manager who provides heating packages for self-heating food factories was deeply touched by this. He told reporters that since the second half of last year, the heat of self-heating food has dropped, and the orders for heating packages have dropped significantly. In the face of market changes, the factory has to adjust the product structure to avoid being more affected.

　　"A wave of people buy self-heating food for early adopters. After curiosity, the overall sales volume will inevitably decline." A person in charge of a self-heating food brand told reporters that since the beginning of this year, the overall sales volume of self-heating food has been slightly better than that of the same period in 2019, but it has declined compared with last year.

　　In the person in charge’s view, self-heating food broke out irrationally in 2020, but the reason why this kind of food can explode in 2020 also proves that it has a certain market demand, which is why the self-heating food category also achieved good growth in 2017-2019.

　　More people in the industry are pessimistic about the growth of self-heating food.

　　Zhu Danpeng, a food industry analyst in China, believes that self-heating food is not the outlet for the development of the food industry, but only a category that benefits from the special node of the epidemic. With the rapid development of take-away and pre-made products industry, the market space of self-heating food has been squeezed to some extent.

　　it is not easy to say love you

　　"It costs money to eat hot pot, and it is terrible to eat self-heating hot pot." Compared with instant noodles with simple operation and high food safety, the operational safety of self-heating of heating package has always been a questioned risk point of self-heating food, and related food safety problems have occurred frequently.

　　Not long ago, the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee conducted a comparative experiment on self-heating hot pot to further understand the current safety and quality status of self-heating instant hot pot. The results showed that 16 of the 20 samples had different degrees of deformation at the bottom of the cooking pot, and the bottom of the cooking pot of four samples named Kaka Shamo Xiaoxian, Shu Girl, Zhen Xin and Mu Ge had obvious deformation.

　　The main reason is that self-heating food is still a new industry in China, and has not yet formed a certain system scale. Most domestic self-heating food brands adopt OEM production, without their own production lines, and the product quality is difficult to control.

　　Zhu Danpeng said that from the policy point of view, at present, China has not yet issued a national standard for self-heating food, and the industries are mixed and the brands are mixed, which increases the danger of the industry.

　　As the product of "lazy economy" and "otaku economy", the high price of self-heating food also makes it difficult for lazy people to say that they love it.

　　The reporter visited a large supermarket in Beijing and found that the price of self-heating chafing dish with a net content of about 150g was higher than that of 30 yuan, and some products even approached 40 yuan, while the price of self-heating rice was generally higher than that of 20 yuan, which was a huge difference compared with instant noodles with a net content of less than 10 yuan per barrel.

　　People in the industry interviewed believe that self-heating food is mainly for "lazy people" or third-and fourth-tier consumer groups who are extremely sensitive to price, and the price of tens of dollars can only make them flinch.

　　"Not as a last resort, I won’t choose self-heating food. The price is too expensive, I can’t use so much money to order a takeaway, and the taste is better than self-heating food. " Xiao Yi, a standard "house girl" engaged in video editing, said.

　　The reporter learned from the survey that it is not without reason that self-heating food is priced like this.

　　The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand told the reporter that the high price of self-heating food comes from high cost. A product of self-heating food should include package, heating package, container box, etc. Only the product cost price of higher quality products should exceed that of 10 yuan. Generally, the cost of self-heating food accounts for 50% of the retail price of the market, that is to say, under the gross profit margin of 50%, the enterprise has to cut 20%-30% of the channel expenses, and the final profit can only be controlled at about 20%.

　　In addition to the difficulty in forming the advantages of instant noodles in price, the single taste and usage scenarios of self-heating food also stop consumers who have the ability to buy.

　　An industry source told reporters that because most brands are OEM, the sources of raw materials are basically the same, and even some brand products are from the same manufacturer, it is not surprising that the tastes are not much different.

　　The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand admits that the use scenario of the self-heating food industry does have certain limitations: "So the competition in the future industry will mainly focus on product taste. In order to improve food recovery, self-heating food enterprises have made great efforts and made great progress in meat production technology, constantly improving user experience and generating user stickiness. "

　　It’s a little far from the next "instant noodles"

　　In recent years, with the decline of instant noodle industry, there has been a brief outbreak of self-heating food, and there are endless discussions about whether self-heating food will become "another" national food after instant noodles. Now it seems that self-heating food is far from becoming the next "instant noodles".

　　"We can’t replace instant noodles. First of all, there is no way on the price, because the reason why a category has a national degree is that everyone needs to be able to afford it." The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand is very calm about the positioning of the self-heating food industry.

　　Zhu Danpeng said that the possibility of self-heating food becoming "national food" is very small. On the one hand, it is limited by the lack of industry standards. On the other hand, the expansion of self-heating food categories is squeezed, which will hinder the development of the industry.

　　In addition to the category disadvantages, the distance between self-heating food mainly based on OEM and "national food" is still worse than the whole supply chain system and the channel system that goes deep into the capillary market.

　　Considering the operating cost of enterprises, most enterprises can greatly save the input cost by adopting OEM production, but the biggest problem in this form is the lack of quality control management, which leads to the inevitable product quality problems.

　　At the same time, because most enterprises in the self-heating food industry pattern are not from the food industry, they have insufficient experience in channel construction and food production management, and there is still a long way to go to really get familiar with this field.

　　"In fact, we are now very envious of those brands whose offline channels are very mature. From the perspective of channels, the whole industry is still in the trial and error stage." The person in charge of the above-mentioned self-heating food brand admits that the biggest obstacle at present is the construction of offline channels, which is different from online sales that can be created by marketing and platform power. The construction of offline channels is not achieved overnight, but it is always the offline channels that really determine the future of brand development.

　　At present, self-heating food industry enterprises can be divided into three types:

　　For a kind of catering enterprises such as Haidilao and Dalongyi, self-heating food is a choice for their business diversification. The advantage of this kind of enterprises lies in their high brand awareness and advantages in marketing, and two different types of production and management logic in catering industry and food industry are the problems that this kind of enterprises must solve.

　　The second category is the brand of the transformation terminal at the supply chain end. The advantage of this kind of brand is to rely on the advantages of the supply chain to optimize the product price, but it lacks brand power and is slightly weak in brand operation and marketing.

　　The third category, such as self-help pot, is a brand cultivated under Internet thinking. It is good at using Internet thinking and can rely on capital to make the brand bigger in a short time. However, the disadvantages of offline channels are bound to lay a hidden worry for its future development.

　　People in the industry interviewed believe that after a short period of explosive growth, the self-heating food industry, which is in a downward channel, is entering the stage of industry reshuffle. After many small and medium-sized brands make waves, resources are concentrated in several head brands, and the market pattern of self-heating hot pot is expected to take shape basically this year.

　　It can be judged that with the introduction of small and medium-sized brands, the self-heating food industry will change from barbaric growth to brand intensification. In the future, with the continuous growth of big brands, the industry will be more standardized and the future can be expected.

After 00, the youth of retired military college students shines in the first line of anti-epidemic

　　After the outbreak of the epidemic in Shanghai, nearly 10,000 veterans responded to the emergency recruitment of the Shanghai Veterans Affairs Bureau, signed up anti-epidemic volunteers and went to the front line of epidemic prevention and control. Among them, the youngest is a 21-year-old college student. Because he has more experience as a soldier than his peers, he has more responsibility and responsibility as a soldier, and he has used the youthful blood of a retired soldier to contribute his youthful strength to Shanghai’s fight against the epidemic.

　　Chen Yingxi: National Flag Class Soldiers "stand guard" for the community

　　Chen Yingxi, who just retired from the army last year, was a national flag fighter of the squadron of "Good Eighth Company on Nanjing Road" of the Armed Police Shanghai Corps. It wasn’t long before I went back to school, and I encountered this wave of epidemic. Before the blockade, Chen Yingxi was a "big white" patrolling the campus. The school changed online teaching and returned to his home in Kangqiao Town, Pudong New Area. He discussed with his parents: "I have been a soldier and I am young. When the masses need it most, I should take the lead." With the support of parents, Chen Yingxi became a volunteer in the community, responsible for express delivery, sterilization of take-away items and material handling.

　　There are more than 5,000 households in the community. During the closure period, all kinds of materials, such as express delivery, group purchase and government distribution, ranged from hundreds to thousands, and served as the last checkpoint for goods transshipment, which required high disinfection tasks and great responsibilities. For the health and safety of the residents in the community, he took out a more sincere attitude when he was in the national flag class, and always stood ready to effectively disinfect all materials one by one. After a shift, you have to endure not only the pungent smell, but also the feeling of "sauna" in protective clothing.

　　During the rotation, I often meet the courier brother who wants to leave after putting things down and refuses to cooperate with me to produce the nucleic acid report. Chen Yingxi is as strict as a sentry, never letting go of anyone: if you don’t produce the nucleic acid report, the courier will not reach the customer, which will directly affect your performance … … In the face of such a competitive "big white", express delivery and takeaway brothers have also cooperated.

　　Chen Yingxi said that no matter how hard and tired we are, we must stand up for the community and hold this "safety" pass for everyone.

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　　Tan Zhipeng: "Carrying the Girder" with his predecessors

　　Tan Zhipeng, a freshman, once served in a naval unit in the Eastern Theater. A family of three, my father fights the epidemic in the street every day, and he and his mother are volunteers in the community. After learning about the recruitment order of Shanghai Retired Military Affairs Bureau, he immediately signed up as the only "post-00" in his retired military volunteer group.

　　"As a young man, it is my duty to contribute to society. As a retired soldier, I hope to hone my will in volunteer service. " Before leaving, Tan Zhipeng wrote in his diary, "At this moment, my initial intention of going to the front line of fighting the epidemic is the same as my initial intention of joining the army three years ago."

　　On April 11th, Tan Zhipeng came to a food company to support him with the third group of the anti-epidemic emergency vanguard of retired soldiers in Baoshan District. He followed the players of his father’s age and was responsible for carrying food and supplies. For two whole days, he and his comrades-in-arms cooperated tacitly like an assembly line to ensure that the materials were in place as soon as possible. At the moment of completing the task, he felt that his waist could not stand up straight and his calves were shaking, but no one complained at the scene, and every comrade-in-arms admired him. He was deeply shocked to see his teammates go to the next "battlefield" non-stop, so he also signed up for a village in Sitang, Zhangmiao Street, where the epidemic was serious, to help medical staff volunteer for nucleic acid sampling. At the moment of putting on the big white, standing on the front line of real epidemic prevention, the sense of mission of the soldiers came back.

　　Organizing residents to go downstairs to do nucleic acid, keeping a safe distance and queuing in order, the seemingly simple process is not simple to implement. During that time, Tan Zhipeng often had a hoarse throat and his skin was red and swollen because of sweating for a long time, but his heart was full of the power of charge.

　　Peer teammates found that there was another "baby soldier", but also warmly guided and helped him. Many players sighed: my family is still sleeping after 00, which is different when I was a soldier!

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　　Lu Chenjiayu: "Minor injuries can’t go down the line of fire"

　　Lu Chenjiayu, a college student of Shanghai Jiguang Vocational and Technical College, was once an air force soldier. In mid-March, Lu Chenjiayu, who lives at home, signed up as a community volunteer. When he saw the volunteer recruitment order issued by the Shanghai Veterans Affairs Bureau, he immediately signed up for the job.

　　On April 16th, Lu Chenjiayu was incorporated into the information group of an isolated hotel in Shanghai North Bund. A group of three people is responsible for the statistics, production and summary of all information reports of the isolated hotel, as well as the auxiliary medical group. Faced with dozens of forms of data and completely unfamiliar disease control terms, he straightened out the complicated reports and data with the rigor and meticulousness of air force soldiers, and proposed to increase data checking procedures to ensure the accuracy of daily reporting rate.

　　On April 23rd, in the information group where Lu Chenjiayu was located, two comrades were isolated one after another, and only one combatant was left in the information group. In the case that the replacement volunteer has not yet arrived at the post, he shouldered the work of the original three people alone, and at this time, he had induced tonsillitis a few days ago due to overwork. The next day, Lu Chenjiayu was also sentenced to close contact and isolated on the spot. However, he was on duty alone while being isolated, overcoming difficulties and sticking to his post with overload until the replacement volunteers arrived at his post three days later. At the end of the 14-day quarantine, Lu Chenjiayu, who performed well, was named and praised. When he should have gone back to rest, he saw that the group was still short of people, and he did not hesitate to devote himself to the intense and busy fight against the epidemic.

5C overcharge／assisted driving／／CDC vibration reduction／front and rear row massage, Tucki P7+ value of 208,800？

[Four-wheel drive details] In the last issue of the four-wheel drive series, we introduced various types of four-wheel drives and their classification (click to view the basic knowledge of four-wheel drive). In the following articles, we will analyze and test the four-wheel drive models of various brands one by one, and the first article we introduce brands to you, including,,, and so on.

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● Jeep brand introduction

The first Jeep in the world was produced in 1941 to meet the requirements of the US military in World War II. It has a history of 73 years. From July 23, 1941 to now, Jeep brand has always insisted on only making SUV models, and left a tough guy image in people’s minds. Today, the Jeep brand has even become synonymous with off-road. It is precisely because of this that Jeep cars have been sold to nearly 100 countries and have many Jeep enthusiasts around the world.

● Jeep origin

Jeep was born out of the Willys)MB model used by the Allied Forces during World War II. In 1940, the U.S. military established the model scheme of Willys MA, and at the same time, borrowed some characteristics of Ford and Bantam, and redesigned the Willys MB off-road vehicle, which made this earliest standardized "Jeep" car.

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Once Jeep is used, it has made great achievements. Jeep has played many roles in various war zones: stretcher, machine gun rack, reconnaissance vehicle, light truck, front-line vehicle, gun and ammunition transportation, etc. During the Second World War, about 600,000 Jeeps joined the battle. The name of "Battlefield Taxi" confirmed the success of Jeep products.

Since then, Jeep has entered the era of peace with its innate excellent characteristics, and it has become more and more perfect after repeated improvements. Of course, it has kept its original passion and wildness to this day and become one of the automobile brands. The Jeep trademark registered in 1950 has remained vigorous for more than 60 years.

● Domestic Jeep models for sale and

At present, Jeep brands on sale in China mainly include many models, such as Guide, Freerider, Freelight, Grand Cherokee, herdsman, etc. Different product positioning of each model makes their four-wheel drive system forms different. See the table below for specific classification:

Jeep models on sale and four-wheel drive structure car make and model Four-wheel drive system name Four-wheel drive structure type Guide Freedom-Drive Free guest Freedom-Drive Timely four-wheel drive Free light Active Drive Timely four-wheel drive Grand Cherokee Quadra-Trac Ⅱ Herdsman Sahara Herdsman Rubicon part time 4wd

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition Jeep Grand Cherokee (imported) 2014 3.0L Comfort Navigation Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

● Test props/test rules

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Let’s get to know the pulley block and test rules we used in this test. This pulley block consists of three groups of flat pulleys, and each group of pulleys can determine its locked/opened state through the side locking pin. When a pulley block is locked, the wheels will not slip when passing through the pulley block; On the contrary, when a pulley block is open, the wheels will slip when passing through the pulley block, thus losing power.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

We will test each model in three groups. In the first group, two front wheels or two rear wheels of the vehicle are in the pulley block, which can test the inter-axle distribution of different four-wheel drive forms with front drive or rear drive as the mainstay. The second set of tests is to make the diagonal wheel in the pulley block, and the third set is to make all three wheels in the pulley block, and only one front wheel or rear wheel is in contact with the ground. This will test the torque distribution between the front and rear axles of the vehicle and the torque distribution between the left and right respectively.

Fortunately, after the actual test, the above cars can easily complete the first and second sets of tests, so next we will directly show you their performance in the face of three sets of open pulleys.

● Introduction to the structure of four-wheel drive for guide and freelancer

Guide and freelancer are two types of Jeep. Strictly speaking, the two cars are only different in appearance and interior design, while the power system and four-wheel drive structure are exactly the same.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

"guide" and "free guest"

Guides and freelancers are equipped with a four-wheel drive system called "Freedom-Drive". The four-wheel drive system is simple in structure, with an open differential at the front and rear, and a common electrically controlled multi-plate structure. In extreme cases, the power distribution between the front and rear axles can be locked at 50:50. In addition, the electronic auxiliary system can help the vehicle realize the power distribution between the left and right wheels by braking.

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● Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Operation Keys

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

For urban SUVs, such as guides and freelancers, which adopt timely four-wheel drive system, there is no need for manual operation during daily driving, and the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear wheel power according to the driving road conditions. In case of complicated road conditions, the driver can manually turn on the "LOCK" switch, and the torque of the front and rear axles will be distributed at a fixed ratio of 50:50.

● Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

Both the Guide and the Freelancer are four-wheel drive systems based on front-wheel drive. Theoretically, the rear wheels can only get 50% of the maximum power. Therefore, facing three groups of open pulleys, the difficulty of passing forward and backward is also different. When only one front wheel touches the ground, it is easier for the vehicle to get out of trouble. When only one rear wheel touches the ground, the vehicle can also pass, but the process is not easy. Because this four-wheel drive structure determines that the power transmitted to the rear axle is only 50% at most, although the electronic auxiliary system can play the role of limiting slip between wheels, the weak power output still makes the vehicle struggle. If "4WD LOCK" is turned on manually, the system will allocate power at 50: 50 by default, and the situation will be slightly improved.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

From the four-wheel drive structure and test analysis, although the guide successfully passed the four-wheel drive test, its structure determines that it is not suitable for cross-country. The main function of this four-wheel drive system is to cope with the general potholes and improve the safety of highway driving.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear axle power according to the road conditions, without manual control, and the fuel economy is high. At the critical moment, the driver can also manually select the front and rear axle power distribution according to 50:50 to improve the performance of four-wheel drive.

Disadvantages:The power is average, the electronic slip limit between wheels is not crisp enough, and the multi-plate clutch central differential is easy to overheat, so it is not easy to challenge three open pulley blocks.

Jeep guide/freelancer four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

● Introduction of free light four-wheel drive structure

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition

As a brand-new car of the Jeep family, the positioning of Free Light is aimed at luxury brands, and Jeep insists that SUVs at this price should have strong off-road capabilities even if they focus on urban comfort. Free light is an adopted SUV, which adopts a timely four-wheel drive system called "Active Drive". This four-wheel drive system is based on ZF’s "ECOnnect" four-wheel drive system (click to view ECOnnect), which transmits power to the rear axle through PTO (front axle power take-off) and multi-disc clutch. Different from most SUVs, the free-light PTO can completely disconnect the rear axle when necessary, and there is no need to rotate at this time (the central transmission shaft of most SUVs with transverse orientation is always rotating), thus improving fuel economy. In addition, its rear axle has a multi-disc clutch structure, and the multi-disc clutch of the low-profile vehicle acts as a central differential, which can control the torque distribution of the front and rear axles.

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Free light has three different four-wheel drive models, namely Active Drive I, Active Drive II and Active Drive Lock. Among them, the low-profile model adopts Active Drive I timely four-wheel drive system, which is the four-wheel drive structure mentioned in the previous paragraph. Active Drive II can distribute power among rear axle wheels, because its rear axle RDU structure adopts two sets of multi-disc clutches, that is, the left and right axle shafts have one set of multi-disc clutches, and each set of clutches is used to independently control the torque required by the wheels on that side. In addition, the Active Drive II four-wheel drive system also adds a low-speed torque amplification gear with a transmission ratio of 2.92:1. The most powerful Active Drive Lock not only has a low-torque amplification gear, but also has the locking function of the rear axle differential. The driver can manually control the left and right wheels of the rear axle to distribute the torque by 50:50 through the buttons in the car.

● Free optical four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

"High-end models have low-speed four-wheel drive function, while low-end models don’t"

In addition, like many high-end SUVs, all models of Free Light also have a road mode self-selection system called "Selec-in". In different modes, the computer will adjust the power response and power distribution to ensure that the vehicle has the best ability to get out of trouble.

● Free light four-wheel drive test performance

Like the guide, the free light adopts a four-wheel drive system based on front wheel drive, so when one front wheel has adhesion, the vehicle is easy to get out of trouble. Then, when passing through three groups of open pulleys in the opposite direction (that is, only one rear wheel has adhesion), does free light struggle to get out of trouble, just like guides and free travelers? Actually, it is not, because the free light not only has electronic limited slip between the left and right wheels, but also the rear axle can distribute the torque through the multi-plate clutch limited slip differential, thus ensuring that the power can be transmitted to the wheels with adhesion more effectively.

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

The free light we tested adopts Active Drive II timely four-wheel drive structure, that is, PTO has low-speed torque amplification function. However, during this test, we didn’t turn on the "4WD LOW" low-speed four-wheel drive mode. In the AUTO mode, Free Light can pass the test of three groups of open pulley blocks, and both directions are relatively easy.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

No matter from the four-wheel drive structure or the actual test results, the Active Drive timely four-wheel drive system on free light is much more powerful than that on the guide, and it can face more complicated road conditions more easily.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the power between the front and rear axle and the left and right axle shafts of the rear axle according to the road conditions, and PTO can also be automatically disconnected when necessary, thus realizing the real front-wheel drive (the central transmission shaft does not turn). The low-speed four-wheel drive and the locking function of the rear axle differential of the mid-high model further improve its four-wheel drive performance.

Disadvantages:Multi-disc clutch limited slip differential is easy to overheat protection after continuous use for many times.

Jeep free light four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

● Introduction of Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Structure

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.0L Flagship Zunyue Edition

At present, there are two full-time four-wheel drive structures in Grand Cherokee, one is a full-time four-wheel drive system with low-speed four-wheel drive and multi-plate clutch structure; On the other hand, the limited slip differential of the rear axle is added on this basis. The former is applied to 3.0L, 3.6L and 3.0TD diesel models, while the latter is applied to 5.7L models.

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At present, Grand Cherokee provides two different four-wheel drive systems, among which "Quadra-Drive II" on the 5.7L model has a set of ELSD electronic limited-slip differential on the rear axle, so the driver can lock it manually, which is theoretically better in extreme cases.

● Grand Cherokee four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

The four-wheel drive operating system on Grand Cherokee is called Selec-Terrain, which has seven driving mode options: economy, sport, auto, snow, sand, mud and rock. In addition, the Grand Cherokee is equipped with 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive function. Compared with Freelight, the operating system of Grand Cherokee not only has more optional modes, but also looks more scientific and technological in its overall interface.

● Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

However, for the Grand Cherokee, the whole test process is not easy. The reason is that when passing through three open pulley blocks, the power output will be limited by default. When we tried to close the electronic stability control program, the limited slip function between the left and right wheels was completely lost. At this time, the vehicle could not get out of trouble. Therefore, in order for the four-wheel drive system to work, the electronic stability control system must be turned on by default.

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Despite the full-time four-wheel drive system, most SUVs with layout are more inclined to rear-wheel drive, and the Grand Cherokee is no exception. When passing through the pulley block in the opposite direction, its two rear wheels are suspended, and only by the grip of one front wheel can the vehicle get out of trouble. At this time, if the Grand Cherokee wants to get out of trouble successfully, it can only rely on the electronic slip limit between wheels to limit the power output of one wheel, so that the other wheel can have grip. However, due to the restriction of the electronic stability system on the overall power, it is a little difficult for the Grand Cherokee to get out of trouble this time.

However, it should be declared that during the whole test, we did not turn on the 4WD LOW button. In other words, Grand Cherokee completed this test completely in AUTO mode. If the 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive mode is turned on, I believe the whole process will be much easier.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:This system is simple in structure, and the operation mode is intuitive and convenient. Drivers don’t need to remember complicated driving mode switching steps. In most cases, Quadra-Tra II four-wheel drive system can handle it by itself. If necessary, the low-speed four-wheel drive mode can be started to increase the ability to get out of trouble.
Disadvantages:The electronic stability control system has too many restrictions on power, so it is difficult for a single wheel to get enough power to get the vehicle out of trouble.

Test results of Jeep grand Cherokee four-wheel drive

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

● Introduction of herdsman four-wheel drive structure

Jeep herdsman 2014 2.8TD four-door version Sahara

Herdsman is the most powerful off-road vehicle in Jeep family today, among which Sahara is equipped with Command-Trac part-time 4wd system, which adopts NV241 series transfer case with low gear ratio of 2.72:1, and both front and rear axles are open differential. The part-time 4wd system equipped with Rubicon is called Rock-Trac, and its low-speed gear ratio of the transfer case is 4:1, and the front and rear axles are also equipped with electrically controlled locking Tru-loc. In addition, both cars are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between E wheels.

Home of the carHome of the car

● Herdsman four-wheel drive operating system

Sahara and Rubicon operate the part-time 4wd system in almost the same way, and there is a transfer case lever next to the shift lever. Select the gear position of 2H on the normal paved road, and the vehicle is in the state of rear wheel drive. Select the 4H high-speed four-wheel drive gear on the wet or soft road. At this time, the torque distribution of the front and rear axles is 50:50, and the speed of the front and rear axles is the same. Therefore, it will be very difficult for vehicles to turn on the paved road when the four-wheel drive is turned on. The 4L low-speed four-wheel drive gear is used in the state where high torque traction is needed. The special gear set in the transfer case amplifies the torque and transmits it to the front and rear axles in equal proportion, while the front and rear axles still maintain the same speed.

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

It should be noted that when switching from 2H to 4H, the vehicle speed should be lower than 88km/h.. If you switch to 4L, the speed needs to be lower than 5km/h, and it is better to stop and then put into 4L gear. In addition, the 4L state can only be used in the face of extremely challenging road conditions, when the speed cannot exceed 40 km/h..

Compared with Sahara, Rubicon’s strength lies in the addition of a mechanical differential lock on the front and rear axles. In the face of very harsh environment, it can also ensure that all four tires can get sufficient power.

● Herdsman four-wheel drive test performance

Both Sahara and Rubicon are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between wheels. Theoretically, as long as the transfer case is selected in the 4H gear, its front and rear axles can get 50% power respectively, and different power outputs of the left and right wheels can be achieved through electronic slip-limiting function between wheels.

In this test, we found two herdsman, one of which is a 3.6L Longteng collector’s edition, which is a five-door model with the same four-wheel drive structure as Sahara. The other one is a 3.6L two-door version of Rubicon, which has two differential locks at the front and rear, and its off-road performance is more powerful.

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

In the face of three groups of open pulley blocks, we only chose the 4H mode, and the front and rear differential locks of Rubicon were not activated. The vehicle can successfully get out of trouble only by relying on the electronic slip-limiting function between EDS wheels. The 3.6L engine can provide excellent power output, and the electronic system is involved in the whole process in time. Only after a few brief slips of the suspended wheel, the other wheel can get sufficient grip, thus helping the vehicle to get out of trouble.

After selecting the 4H mode, the torque of the front and rear axles is completely distributed according to the ratio of 50:50, so when passing through the pulley block in both directions, the performance of the vehicle is basically the same, and there is no bias towards the front drive or the rear drive. Of course, in the conventional 2H mode, herdsman is a rear-wheel drive SUV.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Part-time 4wd system can ensure strong off-road capability, which is the most reliable four-wheel drive structure at present.
Disadvantages:Operation and driving are more complicated than timely four-wheel drive.

Jeep herdsman four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Full text summary:

Generally speaking, various four-wheel drive structures under the Jeep brand should be regarded as having their own characteristics. In terms of off-road performance alone, herdsman Rubicon’s four-wheel drive system is undoubtedly the most powerful Jeep car. This pure hard-core off-road vehicle can be easily conquered in the face of many off-road projects and difficult road conditions, but there is no absolute perfection in the world. No matter Rubicon or Sahara, their driving experience on the road is not excellent, but this will not affect the love of those who pursue pure off-road at all.

In terms of comprehensive performance, Grand Cherokee and Freelight are both good, and although they are slightly inferior to herdsman in off-road performance, there is no problem in coping with common off-road conditions. More importantly, they have a good performance in road driving comfort, which is very suitable for friends who like off-road style and want to meet the daily road driving comfort.

Compared with the same SUV, the guides and freelancers are also excellent in off-road performance. However, after all, these two cars are SUVs oriented to ordinary consumers and located in cities. Road driving comfort and cost performance are the most important. (Text/Figure car home Zhang Ziyi)

TDS value is not everything! Teach you how to distinguish the water quality of water purifier.

Friends who need drinking water quality at home often see the figure of TDS test pen when choosing water purifiers, and the displayed value is often one of the criteria for judging the water quality of water purifiers.

Who is TDS? How do some water purifiers make the TDS value of tap water from hundreds to double digits or single digits?

TDS is total dissolved solids,The abbreviation of "total dissolved solids",Its numerical value represents the mass of dissolved solids in one liter of water, and the unit is mg/liter. The measuring tool is the pen-shaped TDS tester that we often see in evaluation and publicity.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Here we will find a BUG:The value displayed by TDS tester is the total amount of solid matter dissolved in water.

In fact, there are many kinds of solid substances in tap water, such as minerals and trace elements, calcium and magnesium salts that are easy to form scale, sediment dissolved in water, scale peeled off from transportation pipelines, rust and so on.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Because of the complexity of solid types, TDS meter can not accurately distinguish whether its composition is beneficial or harmful to human body.

For example, the TDS value of tap water we use every day is about 100-200, and the TDS value of mineral water sold in supermarkets is about 100, but mineral water can be drunk directly, but tap water is not.

Such a situation will inevitably be confusing. What is the significance of testing TDS value by water purifier? However, before further explaining this question, let’s take a look at the numerical requirements of national standards for tap water quality.

According to the limited requirements of TDS value of drinking tap water in the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water in 2006, the TDS value of domestic water should be less than or equal to 1000 mg/L.

What kind of numerical concept is this? Generally, the TDS value of tap water in new residential buildings is 100-200, and the TDS value of tap water in older residential buildings will not exceed 500.

TDS value is not everything. How to distinguish the water quality of water purifier?

Generally speaking, as long as the urban water supply is not affected by various disasters, the daily drinking water will basically not exceed this limit.

However, this tap water quality requirement cannot meet the standard of direct drinking water. We were taught by our parents to boil water before drinking, and we didn’t have the habit of drinking tap water directly.

Moreover, the cost of direct drinking in waterworks is quite high, and there is also the problem of secondary pollution during transportation, which is not only unnecessary, but also difficult to achieve.

With the development of life, people more or less have certain requirements for the quality of tap water, not necessarily for direct drinking, but also for removing impurities, odor or scale in water, which reflects the existence value of water purifier.

Back to the original question, why does the water purifier evaluation show the TDS value of water quality?

The answer is very simple, in order to show the ultra-high filtration capacity of the water purifier, because it is difficult to tell whether the solids in the water are good or bad, so it is better to filter them all at once. There are no impurities in the water, so it can be drunk directly.

Only RO reverse osmosis water purifier can achieve such strong filtration ability.

This kind of water purifier fully filters all impurities including bacteria, viruses and microorganisms in water through the filtration precision of RO reverse osmosis membrane of 0.0001 micron. Only water molecules and a very small amount of trace elements can pass through, and the TDS value of naturally produced water is only single digits.

In addition to the reverse osmosis water purifier, there is also a common ultrafiltration water purifier on the market.

This kind of products can only filter tap water simply, remove large-particle impurities such as sediment and rust, and eliminate odor, while bacterial viruses and scale will still remain in the produced water.This kind of products can’t pass the TDS test to judge the water quality standard.

Smart brands will not introduce the specific differences of such water purifiers to consumers in detail. Common reverse osmosis water purifiers will promote "pure water" and "direct drinking", while ultrafiltration water purifiers will promote "no power consumption" and "mineral water" as features.

So is it necessary to choose reverse osmosis without thinking when buying a water purifier? Or choose ultrafiltration to drink "mineral water"? Let’s analyze it for you:

Reverse osmosis water purifier:

Advantage: excellent filtering effect, and that produce purified water can be directly drunk.

Disadvantages:

1. The reverse osmosis water purifier will produce wastewater.

2. When working, the water purifier pressurizes the water supply, which requires power consumption.

3. The filter element of reverse osmosis water purifier has a general service life of 3 years, and needs to be replaced when it expires, so the price is high.

Applicable environment:The water quality is hard and prone to water pollution problems, such as coastal salt tides and flood-prone areas.

Applicable people:There is a high demand for drinking water quality, especially for families who need to take care of infants and frail elderly people.

Ultrafiltration water purifier:

Advantages:

1. It can retain minerals in water, and is suitable for making tea and coffee to enhance the taste.

2. It can be used immediately after installation, and no electricity is needed.

3. Some product filter elements can be reused, and the replacement price is lower.

Disadvantages: tap water can only be simply filtered, and it needs to be boiled and drunk, which will produce scale.

Applicable environment:The tap water has many impurities, the water quality is soft, and it is not easy to be polluted.

Applicable people:There is no high requirement for water quality, and it is only necessary to simply filter impurities and odors at a lower cost to meet the needs of families who wash vegetables and cook daily.

Summary:

Although TDS meter is a reference for visually displaying water quality, it can only reflect the water purification effect of reverse osmosis water purifier.

As for the common ultrafiltration water purifier, the reference value of TDS meter is not significant. The simplest and reliable method is to boil tap water before drinking. I hope this article can help everyone who is buying a water purifier.

TDS value is not everything! Teach you how to distinguish the water quality of water purifier.

Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development of Tieling City in 2002

????In 2002, under the correct leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, the people of the whole city earnestly practiced Theory of Three Represents, closely focused on the three strategies of "rejuvenating the country through science and education, opening up to the outside world and sustainable development" and the five key points of "attracting investment, strategic adjustment of economic structure, developing high-tech industries, deepening reform and environmental construction", actively responded to the new changes in the domestic and international situation after joining the WTO, and forged ahead in unity, pioneering and innovating the national economy. The existing problems are: the structural contradiction of economy and the deep-seated problems of economic system are more prominent; The dominant position of industry has not yet been formed; Insufficient demand for investment, export and consumption; Social security and education under pressure; The life of some urban and rural residents is still very difficult.

　　 I. Synthesis

????Economic Aggregate: According to preliminary statistics, the city’s GDP in 2002 reached 15.10 billion yuan, an increase of 10.0% over the previous year. Among them, the primary industry realized an added value of 4.60 billion yuan, an increase of 14.0%; The added value of the secondary industry reached 5.20 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0%; The tertiary industry realized an added value of 5.30 billion yuan, an increase of 8.0%. The added value of primary, secondary and tertiary industries accounts for 30.5%, 34.7% and 34.8% of GDP respectively. The per capita GDP is 5036 yuan, or 609 US dollars.

????Fiscal revenue: The general budget revenue of local finance was 960 million yuan, up by 13.4% over the previous year, of which 340 million yuan was achieved at the city level, up by 19.5%, and 620 million yuan was achieved at the county (city) level, up by 10.4%. National tax revenue was 850 million yuan, up 9.5%, and local tax revenue was 720 million yuan, up 3.5%. The general budget expenditure of local finance was 2.13 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2% over the previous year. Among them, the city-level expenditure was 1 billion yuan, up 6.9%, and the county-level expenditure was 1.13 billion yuan, up 9.4 yuan.

????Price index: the annual consumer price index was 99.9%, of which the food price index was 100.8%; The price index of tobacco, alcohol and daily necessities is 100.8; The clothing price index is 95.9%; The price index of household equipment supplies and maintenance services is 97.2%; The price index of medical care and personal goods is 98.0%; The price index of transportation and communication is 98.5%; The price index of entertainment, education, cultural goods and services is 102.3%; The residential price index is 101.3%.

　　Second, agriculture

????In 2002, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 10.51 billion yuan, up by 14.8% over the previous year, of which the agricultural output value was 6.17 billion yuan, up by 13.7% over the previous year. The output value of forestry was 320 million yuan, up 1.2 times over the previous year; The output value of animal husbandry was 3.93 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2% over the previous year; The fishery output value was 80 million yuan, an increase of 16.6% over the previous year.

????Agriculture: The total output of grain and beans was 2.395 million tons, an increase of 538,000 tons or 29.0% over last year. Among them, 342,000 tons of rice, an increase of 5.1%; 1.788 million tons of corn, an increase of 34.2%; 11,000 tons of wheat, an increase of 80.1%; 73,000 tons of soybeans, up by 25.7%; 84,000 tons of oil, up 36.7%; Vegetables were 2.904 million tons, up by 15.9%, and the actual planting area ratio of grain crops to non-grain crops was 62∶38 (local caliber).

????Forestry: 83.996 million trees were planted throughout the year; The afforestation area is 22,162 hectares, including 8,474 hectares of timber forest, 2,574 hectares of economic forest and 10,906 hectares of shelter forest. Returning farmland to forests of 22,000 hectares; The area of closing hillsides for afforestation is 155,591 hectares, of which 10,758 hectares are newly closed for afforestation; The actual area of young forest tending is 68073 hectares; The forest coverage rate reached 33.4%.

????Animal husbandry: There were 606,000 cows, 1.278 million pigs and 299,000 sheep in the whole year, up by 4.1%, 3.8% and 22.5% respectively over the previous year. The total output of meat in the whole year was 402,000 tons, up by 10.2% over the previous year, of which the output of pig, beef and mutton was 285,000 tons, up by 8.0%. The output of poultry meat was 105,000 tons, an increase of 9.2%; The milk output was 32,000 tons, an increase of 60.6%.

????Fishery: The annual output of aquatic products was 11,687 tons, an increase of 20% over the previous year. The aquaculture area of aquatic products was 136,000 mu, an increase of 1.6% over the previous year.

????Production conditions and farmland water conservancy construction: the total power of agricultural machinery was 1.09 million kWh at the end of the year, an increase of 6.5% over the end of the previous year; The annual rural electricity consumption was 450 million kWh; Fertilizer application (pure discount) 174,000 tons; The usage of agricultural plastic film is 5557 tons; The level of harvesting machinery for planting farmland reached 33.4%. At the end of the year, the effective irrigation area was 157,000 hectares, an increase of 2.6% over last year; The water-saving irrigation area was 23,000 hectares, an increase of 9.5%.

????Agricultural modernization: 60 new varieties were introduced and 30 new agricultural technologies were promoted and expanded throughout the year. The coverage rate of improved varieties of grain crops in the city reached 90.0%, and the varieties of vegetables were basically improved, with the improved varieties rate of livestock parents reaching over 85%. Tienan Agricultural High-tech Demonstration Park was awarded as a provincial-level modern agricultural park. In its core area, 20,000 square meters of high-tech, fully intelligent conjoined glass greenhouses and six single greenhouses have been built, and the production of vegetables, fruit trees, seedlings and flowers has started, which has played an important scientific and technological demonstration role for the development of modern agriculture in the city.

　　III. Industry and Construction Industry????

????Several state-owned holding companies and state-owned industrial enterprises (hereinafter referred to as above-scale enterprises) with annual product sales income of 50,000 yuan or above in the city achieved a total industrial output value of 10.15 billion yuan, an increase of 21.6%, and an industrial added value of 3.48 billion yuan, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year. The total output value of state-owned holding industrial enterprises was 5.19 billion yuan, up by 11.8% over the previous year, and that of non-state-owned economy was 4.96 billion yuan, up by 28.1%. The output value of light industry was 2.52 billion yuan, up by 20.2% over the previous year, and that of heavy industry was 7.63 billion yuan, up by 22.4% over the previous year.

????Convergence of production and marketing: the annual sales output value of industries above designated size reached 9.89 billion yuan, an increase of 18.1% over the previous year; The sales rate of products was 97.4%, up by 1.4 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, light industry was 96.0%, an increase of 0.2% over the previous year; Heavy industry was 97.9%, an increase of 1.8% over the previous year. In terms of economic types, the production and marketing rates of state-owned and state-controlled industrial enterprises are 99.0%, collective enterprises are 88.7%, joint-stock cooperative enterprises are 97.2%, joint-stock enterprises are 95.8%, foreign-invested enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are 99.2%, and other economic types are 95.6%.

????Product quality: the output structure of major industrial products continued to be adjusted, and products that are marketable in the market and related to people’s lives grew rapidly. Among them, the power generation was 12.02 billion kWh, an increase of 14.4%; 17.18 million tons of raw coal, an increase of 8.2%; 22,000 tons of fresh frozen livestock meat, up by 95.0%; 67,000 tons of liquor, up by 16.2%; 1282 tons of dairy products, an increase of 45.7%; 3,795 tons of soy sauce, up by 22.5%; Cloth 1.06 million meters, an increase of 35.9%; According to the material 12,000 cubic meters, an increase of 10.6%; 221,000 tons of coke, an increase of 11.3%; 4575 tons of valves, an increase of 61.5%; 1.279 million tons of cement, up 6.3%; 31,000 tons of finished steel, an increase of 46.8%; 2268 tons of lifting equipment, an increase of 4.8 times; There were 94.433 million seals, an increase of 26.5%.

????New product development: The annual output value of new products for industries above designated size reached 260 million yuan, accounting for 2.6% of the total output value of industries above designated size. The city has completed 63 technical transformations of key projects with a technical investment of 590 million yuan and developed 103 new products.

????Enterprise benefit: in 2002, industrial enterprises above designated size realized product sales income of 8.68 billion yuan, up by 19.4% over the previous year; Break even to achieve a profit of 260 million yuan, an increase of 19.5% over the previous year; The total profit and tax was 900 million yuan, an increase of 2.7%; The comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits was 93.2%, an increase of 4.8 percentage points over the previous year.

????In 2002, the added value of the whole social construction industry was 1 billion yuan, up by 7.0% over the previous year. The construction output value of construction enterprises above the qualification level is 2.19 billion yuan, the construction area is 1.988 million square meters, the completed housing area is 1.379 million square meters, the profits and taxes are 86.94 million yuan, and the total labor productivity calculated according to the construction output value is 56,119 yuan/person.

　　IV. Investment in fixed assets

????In 2002, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 4.37 billion yuan, up by 11.2% over the previous year, of which urban fixed assets were 3.56 billion yuan, up by 7.6%. Investment in rural fixed assets was 810 million yuan, an increase of 30.6%.?

????Investment composition: according to economic types, state-owned units invested 1.58 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; Non-state-owned economy invested 2.79 billion yuan, up by 17.2%. According to the use, the capital construction investment was 950 million yuan, down by 29.0%; The investment in technological transformation was 830 million yuan, an increase of 73.2%; The investment in real estate development and construction was 940 million yuan, an increase of 25.9%.

????Investment structure: among the fixed assets investment of the whole society, the primary industry has invested 130 million yuan; 80.0% lower than the previous year; The investment in the secondary industry was 1.62 billion yuan, an increase of 22.7%. Among them, the industrial investment was 1.42 billion yuan, an increase of 12.7%; The investment in the tertiary industry was 2.62 billion yuan, an increase of 34.4%, of which the investment in transportation, warehousing, post and telecommunications was adjusted from 1.66∶33.7∶49.7 in the previous year to 3.0∶37.1∶59.9.

????Investment benefit: 3.94 billion yuan of fixed assets were added in the whole year, and the delivery and utilization rate of fixed assets reached 90.3%; The construction area of completed houses was 2.486 million square meters, with a completion rate of 72.1%. New main production capacity: 6040 tons of frozen drinks, 40,000 tons of machine-made paper, 300,000 pieces of clothing, 560,000 tons of cement and 16,000 lines of program-controlled switches; 76 kilometers of new roads were built and 224 kilometers of roads were rebuilt; 6830 new student seats were built, and 26,000 square meters of school buildings were built, rebuilt and expanded; Urban tap water supply capacity increased by 50,000 tons/day.

　　V. Communications, Posts and Telecommunications

????The added value of transportation, post and telecommunications was 1.23 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year.

????Transportation industry: In 2001, the total cargo transportation volume of the whole society was 22.69 million tons, and the cargo turnover volume was 750.95 million tons-kilometers, up by 1.2% and 7.0% respectively over the previous year; Passenger transport volume was 29.94 million, and passenger turnover was 1,096.86 million person-kilometers, up 6.8% and 17.2% respectively over the previous year.

????Highway construction: At the end of 2002, the city had 4,707 kilometers of highways at all levels, an increase of 163 kilometers over the previous year, and the highway density per 100 square kilometers reached 36.3 kilometers, an increase of 1.3 kilometers over the previous year. Among all levels of highway mileage, the grade highway reaches 4698 kilometers, accounting for 99.8% of the total mileage; The mileage of paved roads reached 4,701 kilometers, accounting for 99.9% of the total mileage; The mileage opened to traffic in rain or shine is 4,707 kilometers, accounting for 100% of the total mileage; The greening mileage is 3,359 kilometers, accounting for 71.4% of the Yilin mileage.

????Posts and telecommunications: The total amount of post and telecommunications business was 88.05 million yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the same period of last year. In the postal service, 4.524 million letters were completed in the whole year, down by 18.8% over the previous year; There were 113,000 express mail items, an increase of 36.1%, and the average balance of postal savings reached 1.99 billion yuan, an increase of 20.6% over the previous year. The total revenue of telecom business in the whole year was 290 million yuan, an increase of 8.5% over the previous year; At the end of the year, the capacity of urban and rural telephone exchanges was 498,000, an increase of 7.3% over the previous year; There were 426,000 urban and rural telephone users, an increase of 69,000 over the previous year, an increase of 19.3%; Among them, there were 377,000 residential telephones, an increase of 62,000 over the previous year, an increase of 19.7%; The telephone penetration rate is 14.0%. At the end of the year, the number of mobile phone users reached 400,000, an increase of 45.5% over the previous year; Internet users reached 100,000, an increase of 1.2 times; There were 3,904 data communication users, an increase of 2.5 times.

　　VI. Domestic trade

????In 2002, the added value of the wholesale and retail trade and catering industry in the city was 1.17 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3% over the same period of last year; The total sales volume of commodities was 8.17 billion yuan, up by 22.1% over the previous year, of which the sales volume of wholesale and retail trade enterprises above designated size was 1.94 billion yuan, up by 32.0% over the previous year. Commodity sales of wholesale and retail trading enterprises below designated size reached 6.23 billion yuan, up by 19.3% over the previous year.

????Retail sales: the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 6.79 billion yuan, up 7.7% over the same period of last year, of which the retail sales of consumer goods of state-owned commercial enterprises was 280 million yuan, down 28.1% over the previous year; The retail sales of consumer goods of collective commercial enterprises was 350 million yuan, an increase of 12.5%; The retail sales of consumer goods of joint-stock commercial enterprises reached 70 million yuan, up 1.8 times; The retail sales of consumer goods in the private economy was 490 million yuan, an increase of 11.2%; From the perspective of urban and rural areas, the retail sales of urban consumer goods was 5.21 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year; The retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 1.58 billion yuan, up by 6.5%.

????Commodity trading markets: In 2002, there were 165 commodity trading markets in the city, and the annual turnover of commodity trading markets was 2.57 billion yuan, up by 0.4% over the previous year, including 4 commodity trading markets with sales exceeding 100 million yuan, with a turnover of 950 million yuan, accounting for 37.0% of the total turnover, up by 14.5% over the previous year.

　　VII. Foreign Economic Relations, Trade and Tourism

????Utilization of foreign capital: 48 foreign-invested enterprises were newly approved in the city, with contracted foreign capital of 120 million US dollars, an increase of 29.3% over the previous year; The actual utilization of foreign capital was US$ 65.85 million, an increase of 21.0% over the previous year. Among the newly approved foreign-invested enterprise projects, there were 11 large projects with a total investment of US$ 5 million, accounting for 23.0% of the total number of projects. The contracted foreign investment amounted to US$ 83.1 million, accounting for 68.0% of the total contracted foreign investment. Foreign-invested enterprises realized an output value of 1.82 billion yuan, an increase of 47.2%; Paid taxes of 130 million yuan.

????Foreign trade: foreign trade exports totaled 46.01 million US dollars, up by 20.9%, of which clothing exports reached 10.98 million US dollars, up by 17.3%; Food exports reached US$ 11.67 million, an increase of 34.2%. The export volume of foreign-funded enterprises was 19.35 million US dollars, accounting for 42.0% of the total export volume.

????Foreign economic and technological cooperation and exchange: in the whole year, 1,410 labor services were exported, achieving a turnover of 9.08 million US dollars, up by 11.5% and 3.2% respectively. Twenty-six experts from Japan, France, the Netherlands, Canada and other six countries and regions were hired to work in our city. 16 export training projects were implemented, and 46 trainees were sent abroad for further training.

????Tourism: In 2002, the whole city made great efforts to explore the history and culture of the Red Mansion, actively implemented the strategy of Tieling as a famous cultural city, and comprehensively built four brand strategies of "hometown of red mansions, hometown of sketches, hometown of champions and city of coal and electricity", which reflected Tieling’s unique style and artistic charm as a famous historical and cultural city. By hosting China? Tieling’s first international folk art festival and many other initiatives attract visitors from all directions. In the whole year, it received 1.105 million domestic tourists and earned 410 million yuan. Received 1180 overseas travelers, an increase of 1.2 times over the previous year.

　　VIII. Finance and Insurance

????Finance: At the end of 2002, the balance of various deposits of financial institutions in the city was 17.76 billion yuan, an increase of 2.02 billion yuan or 12.8% over the end of last year, of which the balance of corporate deposits was 2.41 billion yuan, a decrease of 70 million yuan over the end of last year; The balance of savings deposits was 14.95 billion yuan, an increase of 1.63 billion yuan over the end of last year; The balance of various loans of financial institutions was 17.82 billion yuan, an increase of 910 million yuan or 5.4% over the end of last year, of which: the balance of short-term loans was 14.49 billion yuan, an increase of 520 million yuan over the end of last year; The balance of medium and long-term loans was 2.56 billion yuan, an increase of 230 million yuan over the end of last year. The cash income of financial institutions was 63.91 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.97 billion yuan, an increase of 18.0% over the previous year; The cash expenditure of financial institutions was 65.99 billion yuan, an increase of 9.89 billion yuan and an increase of 18.0% over the previous year. The accumulated net cash investment was 2.08 billion yuan, 80 million yuan less than the same period of last year.

????Insurance: In 2002, the total insured amount of insurance institutions in the city was 23.15 billion yuan, an increase of 12.0% over the previous year; Insurance income was 410 million yuan, up 36.7%, including property insurance premium income of 100 million yuan and personal insurance premium income of 310 million yuan, up 11.1% and 47.6% respectively; The annual compensation amount was 66.17 million yuan, up by 17.6% over the previous year, including 55.89 million yuan for property insurance and 10.28 million yuan for personal insurance, up by 22.3% and -2.6% respectively.

　　IX. Science and Technology, Education and Health

????Science and technology: In 2002, there were 12 municipal scientific research institutions and 1,271 people engaged in scientific research activities. In the whole year, 67 scientific and technological plans were organized and implemented, and 20 scientific and technological achievements were obtained, including 2 scientific and technological achievements at or above the provincial level, with an added output value of 32 million yuan, a profit tax of 5 million yuan, and 76 technical contracts with a turnover of 5.8 million yuan. 252 patent applications were accepted, an increase of 74 over the previous year, an increase of 41.6%; The city achieved a high-tech output value of 1.27 billion yuan, an increase of 40.0% over the previous year.

????Education: the enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 99.7%; The enrollment rate of junior high school-age population is 99.5%; The enrollment rate of junior high school graduates is 49.0%; There are 28,864 students in ordinary high schools, up by 12.7% over the previous year, including 1,666 students in private high schools, up by 30.6%. 8279 high school graduates have been promoted to ordinary colleges and universities; There are 5976 students in ordinary secondary schools; There are 6747 students in vocational high schools (vocational secondary schools); There are 399 secondary vocational school graduates admitted to higher vocational and technical colleges; The number of students enrolled in ordinary colleges and universities is 1007, with 2281 students; There are 410 students in adult colleges and universities independently; There are 344 students in the Adult Education College of ordinary colleges and universities; During the year, 10875 people obtained self-study books and junior college graduation certificates; There are 219,000 students in adult technical training schools; Rural primary and secondary schools have newly expanded 185,000 square meters of school buildings and renovated 127,000 square meters of dilapidated school buildings.

????Health: At the end of the year, there were 977 health institutions and 696 individual clinics in the city. 5,737 medical beds; There are 11,906 health technicians, including 3,544 doctors in hospitals and health centers, 2,676 nurses, 55 health and epidemic prevention and control institutions at the end of the year, and 1,080 health technicians; There are 8 women and children health institutions and 265 health technicians; 90 township hospitals.

　　X. Culture and Broadcasting

????In 2002, there were 5 professional art performance groups, 9 mass art galleries and cultural centers, 93 cultural stations and 7 museums and cultural relics protection units in the city.

????Artistic performances: Professional artistic performance groups completed 86 performances during the year. Successfully held the China? Tieling first folk art festival and "Zhao Benshan Cup" essay contest, 20 works participated in the competition and performance in our city, and won 4 first prizes, 5 second prizes, 8 third prizes and 2 new seedlings prizes.

????Mass cultural activities: In 2002, the city carried out 100 large-scale mass cultural activities with healthy content, various forms and favorite, with 900,000 people participating in cultural activities. We sent 386 books and plays to the countryside, and sent 7284 books and 13000 scientific and technological materials. A total of 88 demonstration village cultural rooms, 11 specific cultural bases, 63 outstanding village cultural squares and 13 outstanding cultural communities were built, and more than 3,000 backbones of various art categories were trained. In the art, calligraphy and photography contest held in Liaoning Province, our city won 3 gold medals, 3 silver medals and 4 bronze medals for workers; "Celebrating National Day" held in Liaoning Province? In the exhibition of "Blue Ridge Cup" Square Cultural Excellence Program for the 16th National Congress, there were 5 gold medals and 2 silver medals in our city.

????Libraries: There are 9 public libraries in the city, with an area of 6,000 square meters and a collection of 480,000 books, an increase of 12,000 books or 2.6% over the previous year; Received 402,000 readers and held 64 activities for readers, with 37,000 participants; 651 articles (items) providing information services for readers.

????Press, publication and cultural market management: In 2002, the city conducted 21 large-scale centralized operations, dispatched 912 inspectors, inspected 602 business premises such as books, periodicals, audio-visual products, banned and closed 52 illegal business operators, punished illegal cases according to law, fined 115,000 yuan, collected and destroyed 12,650 illegal books and pirated teaching materials, and collected and destroyed 100,000 pirated audio-visual products.?

????Radio and TV: There are 7 city and county radio stations, 2 medium and short wave radio transmitting stations and relay stations in the city, and 10 programs are offered by radio stations, with a coverage rate of 95.3%. There are 5 city and county TV stations, 24 TV transmitting stations and relay stations in the city, of which 7 are over 1000 watts; The TV station offers 8 programs, and the TV population coverage rate is 95.4%.????

　　XI. Sports

????Mass sports: carried out the winter fitness activities and national fitness month activities in 2002, and won the "excellent organization award of national fitness week activities in 2002"; Held a national fitness performance conference to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Comrade Mao Zedong’s inscription "Developing sports and strengthening people’s physique"; City stadiums and gymnasiums were named "National Youth Sports Club"; Completed five sets of "National Fitness Project"; Five people were rated as "advanced individuals of mass sports in Liaoning province" throughout the year; Eight units were rated as "advanced units of mass sports in Liaoning Province" and held the torch relay in Tieling City of the Ninth National Games in Liaoning Province. Participated in the Fifth Minority Games in Liaoning Province, and won the second place in the total number of gold medals and the total score of groups, with a sports population of more than 900,000.

????Competitive sports: won 29.6 gold medals and 87.1 medals in the Ninth National Games of Liaoning Province; At the 14th Asian Games, three athletes trained and transported by our city won gold medals; One person won two championships in the national race walking competition.

????Hosting Games: Successfully hosted the home game of Baocheng Real Estate Team, Liaoning Team, in 2002-2003, the first-class women’s basketball league of Cyber China; Organized and hosted the "Luneng Cup" China Women’s Table Tennis Club Super League match between Liaoning Bengang Tengda Team and Guangdong Fudi Pure Water Team in 2002; Organized the opening ceremony of the "Art Festival" and the Friendship Competition between Tiemei Group Entrepreneur Football Team and China Star Football; A city-wide student track and field competition was held.

　　XII. Population, Employment and People’s Life

????Population: In 2002, the total population of the city reached 2.993 million, an increase of 4,671 over the previous year. Among the total population, the urban population is 433,000, accounting for 14.5%; County (city) population is 2.56 million, accounting for 85.5%; The agricultural population is 2.071 million, accounting for 69.2%; The non-agricultural population is 922,000, accounting for 30.8%.

????In 2002, the birth rate in the whole city was 7.35‰, up by 0.33 thousandths. The mortality rate was 5.15‰, down by 0.13 thousandths; The natural population growth rate was 2.38‰, up by 0.46 thousandths.

????Employment: At the end of the year, there were 1.34 million employees in the city, including 631,000 urban employees, down 11.5% from the end of last year. Among urban employees, the number of employees on the job is 240,000, a decrease of 14,000 or 5.5% from the end of last year; Among the employees on the job, there are 17,000 in the primary industry, which is the same as that of the previous year; There were 103,000 people in the secondary industry, down by 3.7%, and 120,000 people in the tertiary industry, down by 7.7%; Among the employees on the job, there are 142,000 state-owned employees, a decrease of 16,000; Collective 32,000 people, a decrease of 0.1 million people; Other 67,000 people, an increase of 0.4 million. There are 270,000 private and individual employees in cities and towns. The city has trained 24,000 laid-off workers and laid off 50,000 people.?

????Residents’ income: In 2002, the average wage of employees in the city was 6,550 yuan, an increase of 1,348 yuan or 25.9% over the previous year. Among them, the average wage of employees on the job was 9177 yuan, an increase of 1278 yuan or 16.2% over the previous year. The annual per capita disposable income of urban residents was 4,858 yuan, an increase of 155 yuan or 3.3% over the previous year. The per capita net income of rural residents was 2929 yuan, an increase of 266 yuan or 10.0% over the previous year; The Engel coefficient of households in cities is 36.3%, which is 4.2 percentage points lower than the previous year; 50.0% in rural areas, 0.5 percentage points lower than the previous year. The per capita savings deposits of urban and rural residents in the city reached 4,997 yuan, an increase of 12.1% over the previous year by 540 yuan.

????Living standard: according to the survey data of urban and rural households, the per capita living area of urban households in the city was 15.2 square meters at the end of the year; The per capita housing area of rural households is 21.6 square meters.

　　XIII. Social Security and Social Welfare

????Social security: during the year, a total of 210 million yuan of basic old-age insurance for enterprises was collected, with a collection rate of 97.0%; The socialized distribution rate of retired pensions is 100%. Collect insurance premium of 37.1 million yuan, and enjoy 45,000 unemployed people in unemployment insurance benefits. The number of urban residents with minimum living security has reached 64,000, accounting for 7.1% of the city’s non-agricultural population, and 44.33 million yuan has been paid. Temporary relief funds of 6.58 million yuan were issued. The number of rural subsistence allowances has reached 13,000, accounting for 5.7‰ of the rural population. The total number of medical insurance participants is 198,000, and the participation rate is 60.0%.

????Social welfare: There are 109 welfare institutions and 4,666 beds in various social welfare facilities in the city. Adopted 3631 people. In the whole year, a total of 100 million yuan was raised to help the poor; Timely payment of temporary relief funds of 5.5 million yuan; 2,250 houses were built by urban and rural poor households. A regular social donation service network has been established, including 9 donation centers, 59 donation stations and 19 donation points. By the end of 2002, there were 181 welfare enterprises in the city, with sales income of 24,000 yuan and profits and taxes of 22.81 million yuan. In the whole year, 48.96 million yuan of welfare lottery tickets were sold and more than 4 million yuan of welfare funds were raised.

　　XIV. Land, Urban Construction and Environmental Protection?????

????Land resources and development and utilization: At the end of 2002, the city’s land area was 12,980 square kilometers, with 8.1 million mu of cultivated land, and the total area of soil erosion control was 250,000 mu.?

????Urban construction: 31 roads were rebuilt throughout the year, 730,000 square meters of black roads were added, 220,000 square meters of sidewalks were paved, and 2,500 high-standard street lamps were installed; Transform the old urban area by 500,000 square meters, develop and build 710,000 square meters of residential buildings, and build 50,000 square meters of extremely poor residential buildings; The comprehensive capacity of urban water supply is 238,000 cubic meters per day, up by 28.0% over the previous year, the water penetration rate is 84.2%, up by 4.1 percentage points over the previous year, the length of water supply pipeline is increased by 19 kilometers, and the total water supply is 39.97 million cubic meters, up by 20.9% over the previous year. The total gas supply in the city was 53.57 million cubic meters, up by 3.2 times over the previous year, the gas consumption population increased by 116,000, and the gas penetration rate was 77.0%, up by 2.0 percentage points over the previous year. The urban heating capacity is 733 MW, up by 27.5% over the previous year, and the total heating capacity is 4.66 million Ji Jiao, up by 32.3% over the previous year. The heating area is 5.48 million square meters, an increase of 810,000 square meters or 17.3% over the previous year. In the whole year, 600,000 trees were planted in the city, with 77 hectares of new green space and 17 hectares of new public green space. Among them, more than 40,000 street trees were planted in the downtown area, 44 hectares of new green space, 5.5 hectares of new public green space and 850,000 flowers were planted. The park in front of the station was completely transformed, and the Tieling city sculpture was built, which added a new landscape to the city.

????Environmental protection: at the end of the year, there were 32 environmental protection system units in the city, including 7 environmental monitoring stations; Industrial wastewater discharge was 32.35 million tons, of which industrial wastewater discharge reached the standard of 26.96 million tons, up by 2.7% and 10.0% respectively over the previous year; The compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge was 82.9%, an increase of 5.5 percentage points over the previous year; There were 27 construction projects in the whole year, including 16 wastewater treatment projects and 11 waste gas treatment projects; The project completed this year has an additional wastewater treatment capacity of 3,992 tons/day and an exhaust gas treatment capacity of 278,300 standard cubic meters/hour.

　　Note: The data in this bulletin are from 2002 Express.

Problems encountered during ETC system switching？ Let’s look at the answer from the Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission.

According to the news released by Shanghai on December 30, the Municipal Transportation Commission said that according to the unified deployment of the Ministry of Transport, at 0: 00 on January 1, 2020, the national expressway will be switched, and the "one network" operation will be officially implemented to fully realize the fast passage of provincial boundaries without stopping. At present, all the work in Shanghai is progressing in an orderly way, and it has entered the critical stage of the final sprint.

Recently, many citizens have reported that they have encountered problems in the process of expressway toll station traffic and ETC installation, and the Municipal Transportation Commission has sorted out the answers to some questions.

Q: Some citizens said that they can’t take the expressway several times a year, and they didn’t install ETC equipment. Is it impossible to take the expressway in the future?

A:Encourage vehicles to pass quickly by installing and using ETC. After the provincial toll station of expressway is cancelled, vehicles without ETC can also pass by collecting CPC card at the entrance of expressway and paying CPC card at the exit. However, vehicles installed with ETC can complete payment without stopping all the time, which is more efficient and conducive to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. Therefore, from the perspective of convenience, energy saving and environmental protection, users are encouraged to give priority to the rapid passage of expressways through the installation and use of ETC. In addition, ETC users can also enjoy preferential policies for tolls.

In the future, there will be more and more ETC application scenarios, such as non-inductive payment in parking lots and gas stations in the city, and citizens can enjoy faster services.

Q: Many citizens have found that there are fewer mixed lanes (that is, manual +ETC) at toll stations, which has caused congestion. How will this situation be solved?

A:According to the requirements of the State Council, the popularization and application of ETC will be accelerated, and the utilization rate of ETC on expressways will reach over 90%. In order to ensure a smooth transition between the old and new systems, at least two mixed lanes have been reserved in the toll stations where conditions permit. However, the current utilization rate of ETC has not yet reached the requirements, and there are still many vehicles choosing mixed lanes during peak hours, so there is a phenomenon of queuing in mixed lanes.

In view of this phenomenon, the transportation department has improved the operation guarantee scheme of toll stations, sent additional guidance personnel to deal with all kinds of emergencies in time and ensure the traffic order of toll stations. To this end, the transportation department also called on drivers to install ETC equipment as soon as possible to ensure the smooth running of their vehicles.

Q: What if a non-ETC vehicle accidentally strays into the ETC lane?

A:Non-ETC vehicles are not allowed to pass through ETC lanes. If non-ETC vehicles mistakenly enter, they will be guided to mixed lanes by the staff.

The transportation department reminds that drivers should pay close attention to the signs before entering the toll station square. Generally, there is a striking ETC reminder sign about 1 km to the expressway toll station.

Artificial lanes or mixed lanes are mostly set on the right, and drivers should choose the corresponding lanes according to the actual situation.

Q: After the provincial toll station of expressway is cancelled, can I use mobile payment methods such as Alipay and WeChat to pay the toll?

A:Mobile payment is an effective supplement to cash payment. The cancellation of provincial toll stations on expressways will not affect the normal use of mobile payment, and users can still use mobile payment methods at toll stations that support mobile payment.

Q: Some ETC users have reported that ETC is installed, but the success rate of identification is unstable, and there are frequent situations of "jamming" and not lifting the pole.

A:After investigation, it was found that there were many reasons for the failure to identify:

(1) At present, the expressway toll collection system is in the stage of joint debugging, and the software and hardware of the system are not stable, which has a certain impact on the traffic efficiency.

(2) Some drivers failed to activate the ETC equipment in time, and the system could not be read even though the equipment was installed.

(3) the speed is too fast. The vehicle is driving too fast, and the system has no time to read the information.

(4) Lane ETC reading failure.

(5) Credit card arrears, card suspension and other reasons lead to unsuccessful deduction.

At present, the transportation department requires all expressway project companies to speed up the equipment debugging progress and strive to control the impact to a minimum; At the same time, each booth of the toll station is equipped with staff, and once the equipment is "stuck", the staff will deal with it in time.

Remind drivers again that during the use of ETC equipment, please complete the equipment activation as soon as possible. In addition, in case of "jam", check whether the card is loose due to vehicle bumps, and try again after re-plugging.

Q: How can I get the toll bill after canceling the provincial toll station of the expressway?

A:The way of obtaining toll invoices remains unchanged. Users who use ETC (or user card) to pay tolls can obtain electronic invoices through "Toll Road Toll Invoice Service Platform", namely "Ticket Stub" APP, applet and website (website: www.txffp.com); If users pay in cash, they can obtain paper bills for the paid fees at the export toll station.

Q: Some car owners report that the ETC customer service hotline is often busy and can’t get through, which affects the customer service satisfaction experience?

A:1. Traffic Card Company, as the ETC issuing and service organization in this city, has added 4000012319 customer service hotline this year, and at the same time, it has added resident customer service personnel to the original 12319 urban construction hotline to provide customers with consultation and after-sales service. Considering the surge of ETC users this year, in order to better provide ETC follow-up consultation, equipment replacement and other services, after equipment failure, we can go to 66 service agency outlets set up by transportation card company for equipment inspection and maintenance; Next year, the transportation card company has set out to establish an online service model to effectively improve the quality of user service and strive to improve the user service experience.

2. In case of arrears, audit, invalidation of bank debit account, etc., users will be issued with use restriction marks. In this case, users can contact the signing bank or consult through hotline, and unbind according to the relevant agreement signed with the signing bank, and generally go to the counter of the signing bank to unbind.

In addition, in case of problems such as deduction, the general bank will initiate the deduction within 24 hours after the user’s highway traffic consumption, and some banks will inform the user by SMS after initiating the deduction.

Common problems in the use of ETC

(1) Q: How to check whether ETC equipment works normally?

A: Reseat the card. After re-plugging the card and hearing the beep, the device is normal when "Charge Card" or "Amount" is displayed on the device screen. If failure information such as "Failure" is displayed, please go to ETC service outlets for detection.

(2) Q: Can ETC equipment be disassembled by itself?

A: No. ETC equipment has anti-disassembly function. Once it is disassembled or dropped by itself, it will not be used normally. You need to contact ETC service outlets to re-install and activate it.

(3) Q: What should I do if ETC equipment can be identified in some lanes and not in others?

A: If there are multiple toll stations or lanes that can’t pass smoothly, please go to ETC service outlets for ETC equipment testing.

(4) Q: How to repair damaged ETC equipment or cards?

A: Go to ETC service outlets. Bank co-branded cards must go to the issuing bank for maintenance, and other maintenance services can be handled at various ETC service outlets.

(5) Q: Can ETC equipment handled in other places be installed and maintained in Shanghai?

A: No. Due to different issuers, Shanghai ETC service outlets cannot provide services for ETC equipment issued by other provinces and cities.

(6) Q: Do ETC stored value cards have to be converted into charge cards?

A: ETC stored-value cards can still be used. If users need to convert it into a charge card, they can go to 66 offline outlets of the Communications Card Company and more than 400 one-stop outlets of banks. In the first quarter of next year, the transportation card company will launch an online processing mode, which is more convenient for users to handle.

(Original title: "During the switching of ETC system, the answer to the traffic question you care about is here! ",with deletion)

Notice of Guangdong Provincial Health and Wellness Commission and Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance on Printing and Distributing the Management Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control o

Yuewei Maternal and Child Letter [2020] No.12

Municipal Health Bureau (Commission) and Finance Bureau at all levels:

　　In order to implement the spirit of the National Comprehensive Prevention and Control Plan for Birth Defects (No.19 [2018] of the National Health Office for Women and Children) and the Healthy Guangdong Action (2019-2030), further strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects in our province, prevent and reduce birth defects, and improve the quality of the birth population, the Management Plan for the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Project of Birth Defects in Guangdong Province (2021-2023) is hereby issued.

　　In case of problems in the implementation, please timely feedback to the Provincial Health and Wellness Commission and the Provincial Department of Finance.

　　Guangdong Provincial Health and Wellness Committee Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance

　　December 31, 2020

　

　　Preventing and reducing birth defects and putting life health first are important measures to improve the quality of the born population and promote the construction of a healthy China, and are the inherent requirements of adhering to the people-oriented principle and promoting sustainable economic and social development. In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the National Conference on Health and Wellness, this plan is formulated according to the National Comprehensive Prevention and Control Plan for Birth Defects (Guo Wei Ban Maternal and Child Development [2018] No.19) and the Opinions of the Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Implementing the Healthy Guangdong Action, which will guide the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects in Guangdong Province from 2021 to 2023.

　　I. Project objectives

　　(a) the overall goal. By 2023, we will build a three-level birth defect prevention and control system covering urban and rural residents, including pre-marriage, pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, newborns and childhood, provide fair, accessible, high-quality and efficient comprehensive prevention and control services for birth defects, prevent and reduce birth defects, and improve the quality of the birth population and the health level of children.

　　(2) Annual targets. The awareness rate of birth defect prevention knowledge reached 80%; The screening rate of couples’ prenatal thalassemia (blood routine) reached 95%, the screening rate of maternal prenatal fetal chromosomal abnormalities and structural abnormalities reached 80%, the screening rate of neonatal hereditary metabolic diseases reached 98%, and the screening rate of neonatal hearing reached 90%. Serious birth defects such as congenital heart disease, Down syndrome, deafness, neural tube defects and thalassemia have been effectively controlled.

　　Second, the project tasks

　　(a) to carry out primary prevention and popularize knowledge of birth defects prevention. We will implement pre-marital medical examination programs, free pre-pregnancy eugenics examination programs, and supplement folic acid to prevent neural tube defects. Focusing on people of childbearing age, pre-marriage, pre-pregnancy and pregnancy health care groups, using radio and television, posters, the Internet, WeChat WeChat official account, health talks and other propaganda means, we will promote the use of the WeChat applet of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health E Manual, the platform of internet plus pregnant women’s school and parents’ school, vigorously carry out publicity and education on birth defect prevention and control knowledge, and popularize the knowledge of birth defect prevention and control.　

　　(two) to carry out secondary prevention, reduce the birth of serious birth defects. Prenatal screening institutions and prenatal diagnosis institutions shall carry out prenatal screening and diagnosis of thalassemia, prenatal screening and diagnosis of fetal chromosomal abnormalities (including Down syndrome) and prenatal screening and diagnosis of fetal structural abnormalities, and popularize the application of appropriate prenatal screening technologies to realize that pregnant women receive prenatal screening at least once before 24 weeks of pregnancy; For high-risk pregnant women, we should guide them to receive prenatal diagnosis technical services in medical institutions with prenatal diagnosis qualifications in time; Give timely medical guidance and suggestions to the cases of severe birth defects such as severe congenital heart disease, severe open neural tube defects, Down’s syndrome and other serious fatal and disabling chromosomal diseases, severe thalassemia and other serious fatal and disabling monogenic genetic diseases, so as to reduce the birth of severe birth defects.

　　(3) Carry out three-level prevention to reduce the occurrence of congenital disabilities. Newborn genetic and metabolic diseases (congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria, G6PD deficiency (bean disease), congenital adrenal hyperplasia and other genetic and metabolic diseases) were screened by provincial and municipal neonatal genetic and metabolic disease screening centers and blood collection institutions, and newborn hearing screening was carried out by midwifery institutions. Do a good job in follow-up, diagnosis, treatment and intervention of cases with positive retinopathy of prematurity screening and neonatal disease screening, carry out screening, diagnosis and treatment, promote early detection and treatment, and reduce the occurrence of congenital disabilities.　

　　Third, the project population

　　(1) Prenatal screening intervention: pregnant women with household registration in Guangdong Province (including spouses with household registration in Guangdong Province) or pregnant women with floating population with valid residence permit in Guangdong Province.

　　(2) Screening of neonatal diseases: newborns delivered by the above pregnant women.

　　Fourth, the principle of service

　　(1) Free screening. Those who meet the requirements (pregnant women and newborns) can receive a prenatal screening or neonatal disease screening for free. Prenatal diagnosis projects are given a fixed subsidy, and the insufficient part is voluntarily borne by the patient.

　　(2) Informed and voluntary. Service agencies do a good job in publicity and guidance, and the screening and diagnosis inspection items are voluntarily participated and informed by the masses.

　　V. Funding arrangement and management

　　(1) Funding arrangements.

　　1. From 2021 to 2023, provincial funds for comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects will be mainly used to support the screening and intervention of designated diseases of fetal and neonatal birth defects in economically underdeveloped areas, as well as the project management of provincial birth defect prevention and control management centers and city and county intervention centers. Conditional areas can be combined with local conditions, adopt new technologies and methods, and increase the free screening of diseases, and the required new funds will be solved by local finance.

　　2. The project of supplementing folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, free pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination and eliminating mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B shall be implemented according to the corresponding plan and solved by the existing funding channels.

　　3. The funds needed for the implementation of the project in the Pearl River Delta region shall be solved by local finance.

　　(2) Subsidies from suppliers.

　　The financial subsidy funds are allocated to the provincial, city and county birth defect prevention and control management (intervention) centers. The standard is: 5.1 million yuan at the provincial level, which is used for the management of birth defect prevention and control projects, personnel training, health education, information system construction and maintenance, quality control, etc. 120,000 at the municipal level and 90,000 at the county level, mainly used for business backbone training, supervision and evaluation, quality control, information management, publicity and education, management exchange, etc.

　　(3) Subsidies from the demand side.

　　one.Demand side subsidy content.

　　(1) Eligible pregnant women can get free prenatal screening and fixed prenatal diagnosis for thalassemia and other serious fatal and disabling monogenic genetic diseases, Down syndrome and other serious fatal and disabling chromosomal abnormalities, anencephaly, encephalocele, open spina bifida, visceral eversion of chest and abdomen wall defect, monocentricular heart and fatal cartilaginous dysplasia. Grant 16 inspection items, including:

　　① A re-screening of hemoglobin electrophoresis and gene detection for thalassemia (both husband and wife);

　　② First trimester (11-13)+6Week) or second trimester (15-20+6Weeks) serological screening for Down syndrome;

　　③ First trimester (11-13)+6Weeks) ultrasonic screening for severe fatal and disabling structural deformities (including NT);

　　④ One ultrasound screening (level II prenatal ultrasound examination) for severe fatal and disabling structural malformation in the second trimester (18-24 weeks);

　　⑤ Prenatal screening of peripheral blood free DNA with a fixed subsidy (Tang Screen is a critical risk pregnant woman);

　　⑥ Prenatal diagnosis with a fixed subsidy (screening for high-risk pregnant women): genetic diagnosis (karyotype analysis, chromosome microarray analysis, genome copy number variation sequencing analysis) of high-risk pregnant women with severe thalassemia, other fatal and disabling monogenic genetic diseases, Down syndrome and other serious fatal and disabling chromosomal abnormalities, class III ultrasound prenatal diagnosis of severe fatal and disabling ultrasonic structural abnormalities, and color Doppler ultrasound examination of fetal heart with severe congenital heart disease.

　　(2) Eligible newborns can get free screening and re-screening for neonatal genetic metabolic diseases, neonatal hearing and retinopathy of prematurity. Grant 12 inspection items, including:

　　① Primary screening of congenital hypothyroidism and re-screening of those with positive primary screening;

　　② Primary screening of phenylketonuria and re-screening of those with positive initial screening;

　　③ Primary screening for G6PD deficiency and re-screening for those with positive primary screening;

　　④ Primary screening of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and re-screening of those with positive primary screening;

　　⑤ Primary screening of hearing screening and re-screening of those with positive primary screening;

　　⑥ Primary screening of retinopathy of prematurity and re-screening of those with positive primary screening;

　　2.Demand-side subsidy standard.

　　Finance at all levels shall pre-allocate the subsidy funds of the demander according to the standard of 620 yuan for pregnant women/fetuses and newborns of 214 yuan/case, and settle the accounts according to the actual number of cases completed by each inspection item and the financial settlement standard. Pre-allocation and settlement shall be made according to the principle of 6: 2: 2 sharing of subsidy funds of provincial, municipal and county finance (see Annex 1).

　　(4) Requirements for fund management.

　　one.According to the actual settlement:Finance at all levels shall pre-allocate annual funds according to the annual target population (see Annex 2), and settle accounts in the following years according to the actual number of completed cases registered in the provincial maternal and child health information platform and the provincial financial settlement standards. The designated service institutions shall settle the subsidies in the previous month before 30 days of each month by the actual number of cases registered in the provincial maternal and child health information platform.

　　2.Graded settlement:Each prefecture-level city, in combination with the actual situation, formulates the local demand-side subsidy measures with reference to the provincial demand-side subsidy scope, and clarifies the project fund allocation and settlement methods. All localities can adopt "grading settlement", that is, municipal designated institutions are settled by the municipal level, and county-level designated institutions are settled by the county level. For the prenatal diagnosis and neonatal genetic and metabolic disease screening projects that need to be completed in medical institutions at or above the municipal level, each project city can directly allocate the funds of the demand side of the project to the corresponding institutions and settle in full according to the financial settlement standards.

　　three.Local relief:The designated service institutions can directly implement the screening and diagnosis of the target population in accordance with the corresponding link stage, and obtain the relief at this stage. The designated service institutions will reduce the quota on the spot, according to the rules and facts. Projects that have been reimbursed through medical insurance are no longer included in the scope of financial subsidies.

　　four.Earmarking:Project subsidy funds must be earmarked and accounted for in special accounts, in which the demand side subsidy is accounted for as medical business income and the supply side subsidy is accounted for as financial subsidy income. No unit or individual may intercept, misuse or misappropriate special subsidy funds. Belong to the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) government procurement law" and the relevant provisions of the provincial government procurement management, must be strictly implemented in accordance with the government procurement system.

　　VI. Organizing implementation

　　(1) Project management. The provincial birth defect prevention and control management center (located in the provincial maternal and child health hospital) and the city and county birth defect intervention center (located in the city and county maternal and child health hospital) are responsible for the comprehensive prevention and control project management of birth defects.

　　one.Provincial birth defect prevention and control management center.Mainly perform the following duties: promote the implementation of birth defect prevention and control projects in the province, organize talent training, technical evaluation, business guidance, supervision and management and health education and publicity for birth defect prevention and control; Organize the implementation of quality control of birth defects prevention and control; Organize the collection, collation, analysis, reporting and related information management of birth defects prevention and control data, and gradually establish and improve the routine monitoring data collection and analysis system for the implementation of birth defects prevention and control projects on the basis of the provincial maternal and child health information platform, so as to monitor, analyze and evaluate the implementation effect of the projects in a timely and scientific manner; Co-ordinate the management of provincial special technical guidance centers for prenatal diagnosis, neonatal disease screening centers and other institutions, and guide the three-level prevention of birth defects such as premarital examination, prenatal eugenics examination, prenatal screening and diagnosis, and neonatal disease screening.

　　2.City-level comprehensive intervention centers for birth defects.Mainly perform the following duties: organize and implement the prevention and control of birth defects in the jurisdiction according to the requirements of the higher authorities, be responsible for the screening and diagnosis of birth defects in the local city, and provide professional guidance and quality control to the institutions in the jurisdiction that undertake services such as premarital examination, pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination, prenatal screening, prenatal diagnosis, laboratory detection of neonatal genetic and metabolic diseases, and neonatal hearing impairment detection. Carry out training, health education and information management of comprehensive prevention and control personnel of birth defects in the jurisdiction. Do a good job in project progress monitoring, summary and analysis, and assist in the management of project funds in this area. Strengthen the construction and standardized management of screening centers for hereditary and metabolic diseases of newborns in the city.

　　3. County-level comprehensive intervention center for birth defects.Mainly perform the following duties: organize and implement the prevention and control of birth defects in the jurisdiction according to the requirements of the higher authorities, be responsible for the screening of birth defects in the jurisdiction, and undertake the pre-marital examination, pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination, midwifery institutions and basic medical and health institutions’ personnel training. To carry out information statistics, report and analysis on the initial screening of birth defects, and assist in the management of project funds in this area. Establish cooperation and referral mechanisms with relevant midwifery institutions, premarital examination institutions, pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination institutions, prenatal screening institutions, prenatal diagnosis institutions, neonatal metabolic disease screening laboratories, and neonatal hearing impairment diagnosis and treatment institutions, combine birth defect monitoring with maternal and child health management, and do a good job in the referral, follow-up and intervention of high-risk pregnant women and newborns with birth defects in their jurisdictions.

　　(2) service agencies. All midwifery institutions, pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination institutions, prenatal screening institutions, prenatal diagnosis institutions, neonatal genetic and metabolic disease screening laboratories, and neonatal hearing impairment diagnosis and treatment institutions should jointly do a good job in the prevention and control of birth defects in accordance with their respective functions and duties, in accordance with the requirements of fixed-point service, first-visit responsibility and convenient service.

　　one.Fixed point service.The comprehensive prevention and control project of birth defects shall be managed territorially and completed by designated service institutions. Institutions that can provide midwifery services, maternal and child health care services in the province can apply to the local health administrative department to become the designated service institutions of the project. According to the actual situation, the local health administrative departments reasonably determine the designated service institutions, announce them to the public, implement inter-agency settlement, improve birth defect screening and diagnosis services for the clients in accordance with the service process (Annex 3), and reduce the relevant fees on the spot.

　　2.The first diagnosis is responsible.

　　(1) prenatal screening institutions and medical institutions that file during pregnancy are responsible for the implementation of free prenatal screening or referral services for pregnant women:One isSerological screening of Down syndrome and other fatal and disabling chromosomal abnormalities;The second isUltrasonic screening of severe fatal and disabling structural deformities.The third isHemoglobin electrophoresis screening of thalassemia in couples with positive blood routine.

　　(2) prenatal diagnosis institutions, responsible for the implementation of prenatal diagnosis of birth defects (high-risk couples) gene prenatal diagnosis or ultrasound prenatal diagnosis services.

　　(3) delivery institutions, responsible for the implementation of free screening or referral services for neonatal diseases:One isHeel blood blood film collection of neonatal hereditary metabolic diseases;The second isHearing screening;The third isScreening for retinopathy of prematurity.

　　(4) The municipal screening center for neonatal genetic and metabolic diseases: responsible for the implementation of the screening organization, laboratory testing, recall of positive cases, follow-up and treatment of neonatal genetic and metabolic diseases in the city. For specific requirements, see the working guidelines of the screening center for neonatal genetic and metabolic diseases (Annex 4).

　　three.Convenience service.

　　(1) Designated service institutions in various cities should simplify the subsidy service process, establish a screening green channel, and provide on-site free screening and diagnosis services for eligible pregnant couples and newborns. Clients can confirm their identities through the Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Information Platform (hereinafter referred to as the provincial platform) and the WeChat applet of the Guangdong Maternal and Child Health E-Manual, and reduce fees on the spot in the whole city for the convenience of the masses.

　　(2) Designated service institutions should strictly follow the technical route of the birth defect prevention and control project, and the screening and diagnosis of the target population at the stage of corresponding links can be directly included from the stage of conformity, so as to obtain relief and improve efficiency.

　　(3) Information management.

　　Designated institutions shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the Office of Guangdong Provincial Health and Wellness Committee on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Information Platform (Guangdong Health Office Maternal and Child Letter [2020] No.3), fully launch and apply the Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Information Platform (hereinafter referred to as the provincial platform), set up pre-marital medical examination, pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination, pregnancy files and birth defect prevention information electronic files for the masses on the provincial platform in time, and popularize and apply the "Guangdong Maternal and Child Health E Manual" WeChat. Strengthen the analysis and utilization of the data related to the information platform of maternal and child health, and leverage the "Internet+medical health" to provide people with services such as consultation and guidance, inspection and reminder, appointment for medical treatment, and inquiry of inspection and test results. Strengthen data and sample management, protect people’s privacy, and ensure information security and human genetic resources security.　

　　one.Provincial platform filing.Each designated service institution shall arrange a special person to be responsible for logging on to the provincial platform, and when the object participates in premarital examination, pre-pregnancy eugenics examination, pregnancy examination and neonatal disease screening, it shall file a file for the object and guide the object to scan and use the "Guangdong Mother and Child Health E Manual" WeChat applet.

　　2.Project e-voucher:After the project target population establishes the maternity file on the provincial platform, the provincial platform will generate an electronic voucher for the birth defect project and send it to the "Guangdong Mother and Child Health E Manual" WeChat applet on the mobile phone of pregnant women. Pregnant women receive free or quota reduction services for prenatal screening, prenatal diagnosis and neonatal disease screening at designated service institutions with electronic vouchers.

　　three.Information input:The designated service institutions confirm the identity of the clients according to the electronic vouchers of "Guangdong e-Manual on Mother and Child Health", and reduce the fees on the spot. And in accordance with the principle of "who serves, who reports and who is responsible", the results of the birth defect prevention and inspection projects undertaken by this institution (including provincial financial subsidies, medical insurance payments or self-funded projects) will be reported (entered) to the provincial maternal and child health information platform within 3 days. The masses can check the inspection result information through the e-Manual of Mother and Child Health.

　　VII. Relevant requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. In order to promote the implementation of the comprehensive prevention and control project of birth defects, a provincial leading group for the prevention and control project of birth defects was established, which is responsible for major decision-making, organization, coordination, supervision and management of the project. Local health administrative departments should attach great importance to it, set up corresponding working groups, actively promote the prevention and control of birth defects into the local annual work plan, into the important content of health work, implement the local expenditure responsibility, clarify the work objectives, and ensure the smooth implementation of the project.

　　(2) Standardize business management. All localities should establish and improve a three-level comprehensive prevention and control service system for birth defects in strict accordance with the construction standards of the three-level comprehensive intervention center for birth defects, with maternal and child health service institutions as the main body, basic medical and health institutions as the foundation, comprehensive hospitals and medical colleges as the supplement, covering urban and rural areas, covering all stages of pregnancy, pregnancy and newborn, and do a good job in three-level prevention of birth defects such as pre-marital examination, prenatal examination, prenatal screening and diagnosis, and neonatal disease screening. Implement the responsibility of territorial management, strictly carry out the responsibility system of fixed-point service and first diagnosis, and hospitals and blood collection institutions shall not send the samples of prenatal screening, prenatal diagnosis and neonatal genetic and metabolic diseases screening to a third-party institution other than the fixed-point service institution for testing.

　　(3) Promote personnel training. Standardize the on-the-job training and continuing education of professionals, gradually expand the talent team for birth defect prevention and control, and continuously improve the professional level. Relying on the training network composed of the talent training base for birth defect prevention and control in the whole province and the cooperative units, a standardized and orderly training model for birth defect prevention and control is established, focusing on eugenic genetic counseling, prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of birth defects, etc.　

　　(4) Strengthen quality control. Strengthen the quality management of birth defect prevention and control projects, establish a long-term mechanism of quality control and continuous improvement by means of information technology, do a good job in the quality management of the whole service process of three-level birth defect prevention and control, improve the homogenization and equalization of prevention and control services, improve the service level and consolidate the prevention and control effect.

　　(5) Strict performance evaluation. All localities should strengthen the assessment of the implementation of birth defect prevention and control policies, project implementation, fund management, work situation, etc., and timely summarize and promote effective practices and experiences in birth defect prevention and control. The Provincial Health and Wellness Committee will timely organize supervision and inspection of the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects in various places and inform the progress of the work. Ensure to provide high-quality, continuous and satisfactory comprehensive services for the prevention and treatment of birth defects.

　　This plan will be implemented as of January 1, 2021.

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Jiangsu Industry and Commerce Announces Sampling Results of Online Shopping and Typical Cases of Complaints

China Quality News Network learned from official website of Jiangsu Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce that the overall pass rate of online trading goods in Jiangsu last year was 70.5%, and the products with less than 50% pass rate in sampling inspection included glasses, children’s toys and lamps. The protein powder bought online has shrunk by half, and there is something wrong with diet pills. What should I do? On March 8, the Jiangsu Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce reported the quality sampling of online trading goods in 2017, and announced the typical cases of online shopping complaints in Jiangsu in 2017 and consumption tips.

Sampling notification

Last year, Jiangsu Industry and Commerce conducted a special sampling inspection on the quality of crystal jewelry, textiles and clothing, decoration materials, household appliances, information technology equipment (mainly mobile power supplies, wireless routers, smart children’s watches, etc.), children’s toys, lamps, glasses and other goods sold by registered operators in the province. A total of 1493 batches of samples were taken in the whole year. After testing, 1052 batches were qualified and 441 batches were unqualified, with an overall pass rate of 70.5%. The quality of online trading goods was generally stable and good.

Judging from the categories of products sampled, the pass rate of crystal jewelry sampling is 91.8%; The qualified rate of textiles and clothing is 66.2%; The qualified rate of sampling inspection of decoration materials is 98.3%; The qualified rate of household appliances is 87.5%; The qualified rate of information technology equipment (mainly mobile power supply, wireless router, smart children’s watch, etc.) is 53.3%; The pass rate of children’s toys sampling inspection is 46%; The qualified rate of lamps is 45%; The pass rate of glasses is 47%. Judging from the sampling results, the qualified rate of different kinds of goods is quite different, especially the qualified rate of glasses, children’s toys, lamps and other goods is less than 50%, which is a problem.

Jiangsu Industrial and Commercial Bureau has published the sampling results of online trading goods in six times on the official website of Jiangsu Industrial and Commercial Bureau. In addition to notifying producers, online commodity operators and third-party trading platforms, the industrial and commercial departments also ordered the sampled online commodity operators to stop selling immediately according to law, and instructed and urged the third-party trading platforms to delete, block and disconnect the commodity information about the unqualified commodity information and the virtual shops of the sampled online commodity operators.

In addition, in 2017, the province’s industrial and commercial system filed a total of 1912 illegal cases in the online market, with a fine of 30.083 million yuan, of which 123 were unqualified online sales. This year, the industrial and commercial department will optimize the sampling inspection of electronic products, maternal and child supplies, and student supplies.

Typical case

No1

After more than a month of buying chocolate by sea, the operator finally paid compensation in Yancheng.

[Online shopping case]

On January 5th last year, Mr. Wang bought an imported "/mars" British chocolate on a cross-border online shopping platform. In the following days, the merchant delayed the delivery. During this period, Mr. Wang repeatedly urged him, and all the merchants said that due to the long overseas delivery cycle and the weather, the customer service suddenly said that the product had been removed from the shelves in late February and was out of stock, asking Mr. Wang to apply for a refund. When browsing the store, Mr. Wang found that the registered place of the operator was in Hong Kong, and there was a small line at the bottom of the page, "This store was operated by a network technology company in Yancheng". Mr. Wang contacted Yancheng Industrial and Commercial Bureau with the psychology of giving it a try. After mediation, the company finally compensated Mr. Wang and 200 yuan.

Industrial and commercial personnel said that after placing an order, consumers reached a sales contract with the online shop operator, and the online shop operator did not deliver the goods according to the agreement, which was a contract breach.

[Consumer Tips]

When consumers buy imported goods through the internet, they should know clearly about the performance, logistics and delivery cycle of the goods, and it is best to choose appropriate business entities and delivery methods. At the same time, attention should be paid to keeping relevant transaction records and other evidence.

No2

I bought diet pills and had dizziness and stomachache. It was originally that Wechat business found a manufacturer to "customize".

[Online shopping case]

Xie bought 6 sets of slimming capsules of a certain brand from Zhu through WeChat, totaling 2,130 yuan. Xie and his lover have weight loss effect in the early stage, and at the same time have symptoms such as dizziness and stomachache. The doctor decided that the diet pills should be added with some illegal drugs. Afterwards, Xie told the manufacturer of diet pills that the manufacturer said that this diet pill was customized by a Wechat business customer Zhu in their factory, and he was responsible for the after-sales problems. However, Zhu said that the goods were regular products and refused to make after-sales compensation. After mediation by the industrial and commercial department, Zhu finally refunded Xie’s payment and compensation totaling more than 20,000 yuan. At the same time, the bureau also filed a case against Zhu’s illegal behavior.

The industrial and commercial personnel said that the merchants publicized and sold diet pills that did not meet the safety standards through WeChat. According to the relevant provisions of the Food Safety Law, the merchants should compensate for the losses and pay compensation of 10 times the payment amount.

[Consumer Tips]

Consumers should be cautious about the promotion of goods in Wechat business, and don’t believe in health care products that claim to have therapeutic effects. Health care products that claim to have the effect of losing weight may be added with non-edible substances prohibited by the state, which will bring harm to human health after eating.

No3

"Promotion for 3 hours" lasted for several days. Online shop "fudged" and met a real person.

[Online shopping case]

The Consumers’ Association of Binhai County, Yancheng City received a complaint from consumers, reflecting that an online shop declared that "there are three hours left in the promotion price of 26.8" when selling paradise umbrellas and other commodities. Consumers were worried about the price increase and immediately placed an order to buy. Later, consumers found that the promotion continued after three hours. A few days later, the promotion of this commodity was changed to "there are three hours left in the promotion price of 29.9", which still lasted for several days. After mediation by industrial and commercial personnel, the online shop reached an agreement with consumers through consultation. At the same time, the industry and commerce department has standardized the promotion behavior of online stores.

[Consumer Tips]

When consumers buy goods online, they should compare as much as possible, and don’t be fooled by the false propaganda of merchants; Attention should be paid to retaining relevant evidence, including trading commodity number, commodity picture, trading time, screenshots of web pages, chat records with sellers, relevant bills, etc. Once necessary, rights can be defended according to law.

No4

The arrival of online shopping protein powder "shrinks" by half, and then sign for it a priori.

[Online shopping case]

Mr. Zhu saw a well-known brand protein powder merchant on the Internet make a big promotion. The activity price of 450 grams of protein powder was only 50 to 60 yuan, so he bought 4 barrels and spent 231 yuan. Upon receipt of the goods, Mr. Zhu was blindsided, and the packaging of protein powder was damaged, and only one barrel was 450 grams, and the other three barrels were only 150 grams. The online store said that if the damage is serious, you can choose to return the goods, but the request to refund the difference or reissue 900 grams of protein powder is rejected. Upon inquiry, the industrial and commercial personnel learned that Mr. Zhu did not keep valid evidence such as screenshots of the online shop’s activities. After mediation, the online shop refunded the difference of 115 yuan to Mr. Zhu. At the same time, the industry and commerce department has standardized the promotion behavior of the online store.

[Consumer Tips]

Treat online promotion rationally, and don’t buy it easily because of the low price. When receiving the goods, you should inspect the goods before signing for them. If you find that the goods are damaged or the goods list is inconsistent, you should contact the seller in time, pay attention to intercepting the publicity webpage and keep the chat record shopping voucher.

No5

Wechat likes and recharge points are beautiful. In fact, they have not been cashed.

[Online shopping case]

In order to attract popularity, a car 4s shop in Jintan District of Changzhou released a WeChat praise collection activity through WeChat WeChat official account. The content of the activity shows that prizes can be won if a certain number of praises are collected, and it is not limited to first come, first served. Due to the store’s underestimation of the number of participants in the event, the number of prizes prepared is limited, so we can only tell the winners that the number of prizes is limited and has been distributed. After mediation by industrial and commercial personnel, the merchants exchanged prizes for consumers.

Coincidentally, there is another case where the promise can’t be fulfilled: a shopping mall in Zhonglou District, Changzhou launched an online recharge and return of points. The content of the activity shows that any customer can return the corresponding amount of points by recharging on the online platform of the shopping mall. One point can be used as one yuan, and any goods can be purchased on the online platform without other relevant restrictions. Due to the mall’s underestimation of the number of participants in the event, the business qualification review of merchants on the platform was not strict, and the amount of recharge exceeded its affordability, so the mall frozen some customers’ online accounts. After mediation by the market supervision department, the mall redeemed points for consumers.

[Consumer Tips]

Consumers should be careful to participate in preferential activities such as WeChat praise collection and point redemption. On the one hand, they should pay attention to reading the details of the activities and try to fully understand the relevant requirements of the activities. At the same time, they should keep relevant evidence such as screenshots of the activities in order to protect their rights in time.

No6

Online shopping encounters false delivery and return, and there is a mystery.

[Online shopping case]

Mr. Liang took a pair of sandals with a price of 61.92 yuan in an online shop. After payment, Mr. Liang saw the system prompt "The seller has delivered the goods" on the Internet. As the automatic account transfer day approached, Mr. Liang could not find the logistics record. The invoice only filled in such contents as "Your order has been picked by a third-party seller and will be delivered to A Niu after delivery, and the contact number is 186 * * * * * *". After investigation, the telephone number is the business telephone number of a company in Zhenjiang. According to the industrial and commercial personnel, the seller recently placed more orders and was busy with business, and did not deliver the goods in time according to the standardized process. Finally, the two parties reached an agreement.

What Ms. Sun encountered was even more disturbing: she bought a dress in an online shop, and the online shop did not deliver it according to the agreed time. When she didn’t want to apply for a refund, the customer service asked to change the reason for the return from "not delivered on time" to "the consumer didn’t like it", otherwise she wouldn’t return the goods. As a result, consumers complained to Wuxi Xishan District Market Supervision Bureau. After mediation, the two sides reached a settlement.

[Consumer Tips]

Some online stores often ask consumers to fill in the reasons for returning goods as "I don’t like it" or "No reason for 7 days" in order not to affect the reputation of the store, otherwise they will not agree to return goods. This is against the relevant regulations. In addition, if the seller intentionally makes false delivery, it is suspected of fraud. Therefore, consumers should pay attention to logistics information in time. If the seller deliberately delays delivery, they should keep the evidence in time and complain to the e-commerce platform and the 12315 hotline where the seller is located. If you need to return the goods, you should communicate with the merchants properly and fill in the reasons for returning the goods reasonably. In case of unreasonable refusal to return the goods, rights should be protected in time according to law.

How to choose sofa products suitable for home？ What are the characteristics of this kind of sofa products？

When choosing sofa products for home, it is necessary to comprehensively consider many factors to ensure that you choose a sofa that is comfortable and beautiful, and meets your home style and personal needs.

First of all, consider the size of the sofa. Measure the space of the living room to ensure that the sofa can be placed reasonably without being crowded or empty. Generally speaking, the length of the sofa should not exceed two thirds of the length of the living room. If the living room is small, you can choose a double sofa or a small corner sofa; If the living room is larger, you can consider a large combination sofa.

Secondly, the material of sofa is very important. Common materials include leather, cloth and artificial leather. Leather sofa has the advantages of good texture and easy cleaning, but the price is relatively high; Fabric sofa has various styles and rich colors, giving people a warm and comfortable feeling, and the price is relatively close to the people; The artificial leather sofa has both the appearance of leather and the price advantage of fabric.

Furthermore, the comfort of the sofa is the key. Sit on it and feel the softness and hardness of the cushion, the support of the backrest and the comfort of the armrest. A good sofa should be able to provide good waist and neck support, so that people will not feel tired when sitting on it for a long time.

The style of sofa also needs to be paid attention to. Modern minimalist sofa has simple lines and simple shapes, which is suitable for pursuing a simple and lively home environment; European-style sofas are usually gorgeous in shape and exquisite in details, which are suitable for creating a romantic and elegant atmosphere; Chinese-style sofas pay attention to traditional crafts and cultural elements, reflecting the simple and elegant temperament.

In addition, the quality of the sofa can not be ignored. Check whether the frame is solid. Generally speaking, the solid wood frame is more reliable. The elasticity and durability of the spring are also very important; The quality of filling materials will directly affect the comfort and service life of sofa.

The following table is used to compare the characteristics of different types of sofas:

Sofa type advantage disadvantage? Leather sofa Good texture, easy cleaning and durability. The price is high and it is cooler in winter. Fabric sofa Many styles, rich colors, moderate price, warmth and comfort. Cleaning is relatively troublesome. Artificial leather sofa Looks like leather and has a lower price. Poor air permeability and relatively short service life.

In a word, choosing a sofa product suitable for home needs to comprehensively consider many aspects such as size, material, comfort, style and quality, and make a wise choice according to your home environment, personal preferences and budget.

(Editor: He Xian)

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

How can consumers benefit from the trade-in action？ Ministry of Commerce responded

　　BEIJING, April 19 (Xinhua) The State Council held a press conference on April 19 to introduce the business operation and work in the first quarter of 2024. Xu Xingfeng, Director of the Department of Market Operation and Consumption Promotion of the Ministry of Commerce, introduced at the meeting that the trade-in of consumer goods was a major decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and the Ministry of Commerce actively promoted its implementation, respecting consumers’ wishes and responding to consumers’ demands in policy design, so as to give consumers a sense of gain.

On April 19th, China the State Council Press Office held a press conference in Beijing. Vice Minister of Commerce Guo Tingting, Director of the Comprehensive Department of the Ministry of Commerce Yang Tao, Director of the Market Operation and Consumption Promotion Department Xu Xingfeng, Director of the Foreign Trade Department Li Xinggan and Head of the Foreign Investment Management Department Ji Xiaofeng introduced the business operation and work in the first quarter of 2024 and answered questions from reporters. China News Service reporter Yang Kejia photo

　　A reporter asked at the meeting: The Ministry of Commerce and other departments have recently released the Action Plan for Promoting Trade-in of Consumer Goods. How will this plan be implemented? For ordinary consumers, what tangible benefits can they get from the trade-in action?

On April 19th, China the State Council Press Office held a press conference in Beijing. Vice Minister of Commerce Guo Tingting, Director of the Comprehensive Department of the Ministry of Commerce Yang Tao, Director of the Market Operation and Consumption Promotion Department Xu Xingfeng, Director of the Foreign Trade Department Li Xinggan and Head of the Foreign Investment Management Department Ji Xiaofeng introduced the business operation and work in the first quarter of 2024 and answered questions from reporters. China News Service reporter Yang Kejia photo

　　Xu Xingfeng introduced that with the approval of the State Council, the Ministry of Commerce and other 14 departments issued the Action Plan for Promoting Trade-in of Consumer Goods, and quickly held a work promotion meeting with relevant departments, and the departments and localities were linked to implement it. At present, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hunan, Shanxi and other places have introduced detailed measures, and enterprises such as automobiles, home appliances and homes involved in trade-in have responded and launched preferential gift packages. The Ministry of Commerce, together with relevant departments, will refine policies and measures as soon as possible, improve operational procedures, and strive to make the operation simple and clear.

　　Xu Xingfeng pointed out that the trade-in of consumer goods was a major decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and the Ministry of Commerce actively promoted its implementation, respecting consumers’ wishes and responding to consumers’ demands in policy design, so as to give consumers a sense of gain. It is embodied in the following aspects:

　　In terms of automobiles, extending in the chain and expanding in the face runs through all links of the whole chain of automobile circulation and consumption, and the core is to make the people more satisfied. Specifically, first, buying a car is more affordable. At present, enterprises have responded positively, and they have made profits to promote sales. In terms of policy, we will launch a policy package, play a combination boxing, and make profits from all aspects of finance, taxation, credit, insurance, etc., so as to reduce the cost of buying a car and make it more affordable. Second, it is more convenient to use the car. The next step will be to further improve infrastructure such as charging, parking and smart transportation. Carry out the pilot reform of automobile circulation and consumption, and support the development of automobile modification, leasing, RV camping, sports events, traditional classic cars (classic cars) and other industries. Third, selling cars is more worry-free. Promote the cancellation of the national restrictions on the movement of used cars, stimulate the demand for used cars, and the price sold by car owners is more satisfactory. Establish a second-hand car information inquiry platform to make the car condition information more transparent and the car price more fair, and ordinary people will be as assured as buying a new car. At the same price, you can buy a used car with better condition and more security after sale, and the owner is happier. Fourth, scrapping is more convenient. Encourage dismantling enterprises to collect cars at home, so that it is more convenient for car owners to sell scrapped vehicles. Generally speaking, buying a car is more affordable, using a car is more convenient, selling a car is more worry-free, and scrapping is more convenient.

　　Home appliances, home improvement, kitchen and bathroom. The first is to highlight the convenience of consumption. Old furniture doesn’t want to be thrown away, old household appliances don’t want to be thrown away, and there is no place to live in temporary renovation. These are all difficulties encountered by ordinary people in their lives. Encourage the creation of "storage room", "recycling station" and "revolving room", and also encourage "internet plus recycling", "one-stop collection, new delivery and disassembly" to make the decoration more worry-free. The second is to highlight information transparency. Cooperate with relevant departments to carry out Green building the countryside activities, dynamically improve the catalogue of aging-suitable home products, and promote home improvement "model rooms" to enter shopping malls, communities and platforms, so that consumers can master this information through multiple channels. The third is to highlight wisdom and convenience. Focusing on smart homes, we will work with relevant departments to speed up the improvement of interconnection standards and promote smart products to land in more life scenarios. The fourth is to highlight environmental optimization. We will organize actions such as "reassuring home improvement into the community" and improving after-sales service of home appliances to make everyone’s consumption more comfortable and more assured.

　　Xu Xingfeng said that in the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will continue to listen to the opinions and suggestions of all parties, do its best to do good things well, and let consumers get real benefits. Media friends and consumers are also welcome to supervise the implementation and implementation effect of the policy.