分类： zudao

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　　Cctv newsOn March 23, the National Internet Information Office promulgated the Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures of Internet Information Departments (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which will take effect on June 1, 2023. The details are as follows:

　　

Order of the State Internet Information Office

No.14

　　The Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures of Internet Information Department has been deliberated and adopted at the 2nd meeting of the National Internet Information Office in 2023 on February 3, 2023, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of June 1, 2023.

　　Zhuang Rongwen, Director of the National Internet Information Office

　　March 18th, 2023

Provisions on administrative law enforcement procedures of network information department

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　the firstIn order to standardize and guarantee the network information departments to perform their duties according to law, protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and safeguard national security and public interests, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Administrative Enforcement Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Cyber Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Data Security Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), and the Personal Information Protection Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　the secondThese Provisions shall apply to the implementation of administrative punishment and other administrative law enforcement by the network information department.

　　The term "network information department" as mentioned in these Provisions refers to the national Internet information office and the local Internet information office.

　　ArticleWhen implementing administrative law enforcement, the network information department should adhere to the combination of punishment and education, so that the facts are clear, the evidence is conclusive, the basis is accurate and the procedure is legal.

　　Article 4The national network information department shall establish the administrative law enforcement supervision system of this system according to law.

　　The higher-level network information department supervises the administrative law enforcement implemented by the lower-level network information department.

　　Article 5The network information department shall strengthen the construction of law enforcement team and law enforcement capacity, and establish and improve the system of law enforcement personnel training, examination and assessment, qualification management and certificates.

　　Article 6The network information department and its law enforcement personnel shall keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets or personal privacy they know in the process of law enforcement.

　　Article 7Law enforcement officers who have a direct interest in the case or have other relations that may affect the impartial law enforcement shall withdraw.

　　If the parties consider that law enforcement officers have a direct interest in the case or have other relations that may affect the impartial law enforcement, they have the right to apply for withdrawal.

　　If a party applies for withdrawal, the network information department shall review it according to law, which shall be decided by the person in charge of the network information department. Don’t stop the investigation until the decision is made.

　　Chapter II Jurisdiction and Application

　　Article 8Administrative punishment shall be under the jurisdiction of the network information department where the illegal act occurred. Where laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail.

　　The place where the illegal act takes place includes the place where the illegal actor’s related services are licensed or filed, the place of main business, the place of registration, the place where the website founder, manager and user are located, the place where the network is connected, the place where the server is located, and the place where the terminal equipment such as computers are located.

　　Article 9The network information department at or above the county level shall exercise jurisdiction over administrative punishment cases within its administrative area according to its functions and powers. Where laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail.

　　Article 10If more than two online information departments have jurisdiction over the same illegal act of the parties, the online information department that first filed the case shall have jurisdiction.

　　If two or more network information departments have disputes over jurisdiction, they shall settle them through consultation; if consultation fails, they shall report to the common network information department at the next higher level for designation of jurisdiction; It can also be directly designated by the common network information department at the next higher level.

　　Article 11If the higher-level network information department deems it necessary, it can directly handle the cases under the jurisdiction of the lower-level network information department, or it can hand over the cases under its jurisdiction to the lower-level network information department for handling. If laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules clearly stipulate that the case shall be under the jurisdiction of the higher-level network information department, the higher-level network information department shall not hand over the case to the lower-level network information department for jurisdiction.

　　If the lower-level network information department cannot exercise jurisdiction over the cases under its jurisdiction due to special reasons, it may report to the higher-level network information department for jurisdiction or designate jurisdiction.

　　If the network information department below the municipal level with districts finds that the administrative punishment cases under its jurisdiction involve national security and other circumstances, it shall promptly report to the network information department at the next higher level and, if necessary, report to the network information department at the next higher level for jurisdiction.

　　Article 12If the network information department finds that the accepted case does not belong to its jurisdiction, it shall promptly transfer it to the network information department with jurisdiction.

　　The transferred network information department shall promptly inform the network information department of the transferred case of the investigation results of the case; If it is considered that the transfer is improper, it shall be reported to the common network information department at the next higher level for designated jurisdiction, and it shall not be transferred again by itself.

　　Article 13After receiving a request for jurisdiction dispute or reporting to the designated jurisdiction, the higher-level network information department shall make a decision on designated jurisdiction within ten working days and notify the lower-level network information department in writing.

　　Article 14If the network information department finds that the case is under the jurisdiction of other administrative organs, it shall transfer it to the relevant administrative organs according to law.

　　If the network information department finds that an illegal act is suspected of committing a crime, it shall promptly transfer the case to the judicial organ. If the judicial organ decides to file a case, the network information department shall complete the transfer procedures in time.

　　The network information department shall strengthen coordination and cooperation with the judicial organs, establish and improve the case transfer system, strengthen the transfer and reception of evidence materials, and improve the information notification mechanism for case handling.

　　Article 15The network information department shall send the obtained evidence and related materials to the original licensing and approval department, which shall decide whether to lower the qualification level or revoke the license according to law.

　　Article 16For the same illegal act of a party, no administrative penalty of more than two fines shall be imposed. If the same illegal act violates multiple legal norms and should be fined, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of high fines.

　　Chapter III Administrative Punishment Procedure

　　Section 1 filing a case

　　Article 17The network information department shall promptly investigate and deal with the following matters, and fill in the case source registration form:

　　(a) found clues to the case in the supervision and inspection;

　　(2) A natural person, legal person or other organization makes a complaint, appeal or report;

　　(3) Assigned by the network information department at a higher level or reported for investigation by the network information department at a lower level;

　　(4) Transferred by the relevant authorities;

　　(5) Discovered by other means or channels.

　　Article 18The filing of administrative punishment shall meet the following conditions:

　　(a) acts suspected of violating laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules shall be given administrative punishment according to law;

　　(2) Being under the jurisdiction of this department;

　　(three) within the statutory time limit for administrative punishment.

　　Those who meet the conditions for filing a case shall fill in the approval form for filing a case, together with relevant materials, and report to the person in charge of the network information department for approval within seven working days, and designate two or more law enforcement officers as the case undertaker. Under special circumstances, the case may be extended to fifteen working days.

　　For complaints, appeals and reports that are not filed, a written record shall be kept of the relevant information that is not filed.

　　If a case transferred by another organ decides not to file a case, it shall inform the transferring organ in writing.

　　If the case is not filed or revoked, the undertaker shall make an approval form for not filing or revoking the case and report it to the person in charge of the network information department for approval.

　　Section 2 Investigation and evidence collection

　　Article 19The investigation and evidence collection of cases by the network information department shall be carried out by law enforcement personnel with administrative law enforcement qualifications. There shall be no less than two law enforcement personnel, and they shall take the initiative to show their law enforcement certificates to the parties or relevant personnel. When necessary, you can hire professionals to assist.

　　If the evidence is collected and obtained from the parties to a case for the first time, they shall be informed of their right to apply for withdrawal by law enforcement officers.

　　When collecting and obtaining evidence from relevant units and individuals, they shall be informed of their obligation to provide evidence truthfully. Respondents and relevant personnel shall truthfully answer inquiries, assist and cooperate with the investigation, and provide timely information released by network operators, information released by users, log information and other related materials that should be preserved according to law, and shall not obstruct or interfere with the investigation of cases.

　　Article 20In the process of law enforcement, the network information department really needs the assistance of the relevant authorities or other administrative regions in the investigation and evidence collection, and shall issue a letter of assistance in the investigation, which shall specify the specific matters and time limit for assistance.

　　The network information department that received the letter of assistance in the investigation shall give assistance to the assistance matters within the scope of its functions and powers, and complete the relevant work within 15 working days from the date of receiving the letter of assistance in the investigation; If it is necessary to postpone the completion or is unable to assist, it shall promptly notify the network information department that requested assistance.

　　Article 21Law enforcement officers shall collect evidence related to the case according to law, including documentary evidence, physical evidence, audio-visual materials, electronic data, witness testimony, statements of the parties, expert opinions, transcripts of inquests, on-site transcripts, etc.

　　Electronic data refers to data formed in the course of a case, stored, processed and transmitted in digital form in electronic devices or storage media such as computer devices, mobile communication devices, Internet servers, mobile storage devices and cloud storage systems, and can prove the facts of the case. Audio-visual materials include audio-visual materials and video materials. Audio recordings and video materials stored in electronic media shall be subject to the provisions of electronic data.

　　The evidence should be verified before it can be used as the basis for determining the facts of the case.

　　Evidence obtained by illegal means shall not be used as the basis for ascertaining the facts of a case.

　　Article 22Evidence obtained according to law in the process of investigation, supervision and inspection before filing a case can be used as evidence of a case.

　　For the transferred case, the evidence materials collected by the transfer organ according to its functions and powers can be used as evidence of the case.

　　Article 23Before filing a case, the network information department may take measures such as inquiry, inquest, inspection, detection, inspection, appraisal and obtaining relevant materials, and may not restrict the personal and property rights of the respondents.

　　After the network information department files a case, it can take measures such as first registration and preservation of the articles, facilities and places involved.

　　Article 24In the process of law enforcement, the network information department shall make an inquiry record, which shall specify the time, place, facts, course and other contents. The record of inquiry shall be submitted to the object of inquiry or other relevant personnel for verification and confirmation, and shall be signed by law enforcement officers and the object of inquiry or other relevant personnel. If the interviewee and other relevant personnel refuse to sign or are unable to sign, the reasons shall be indicated.

　　Article 25The network information department shall conduct an inquest and inspection on the places, articles and networks involved in illegal acts, and collect and fix documentary evidence, physical evidence, audio-visual materials and electronic data in time.

　　Article 26The network information department may entrust a judicial authentication institution to issue an authentication opinion on the specialized issues in the case; If it is not within the scope of judicial expertise, it may entrust a competent or qualified institution to issue a test report or inspection report.

　　Article 27The network information department can obtain evidence materials that can prove the facts of the case from the relevant units and individuals, and can take photos, video, copy and copy as needed.

　　Documentary evidence and material evidence collected shall be original and original. If it is really difficult to obtain the original and the original, the relevant units and individuals who submitted the evidence may sign or seal the copy, indicating the words "This copy was provided by XXX and it is the same as the original (object) after verification" or a written description, indicating the date of issuance and the source of the evidence, and signing or sealing it.

　　The retrieved audio-visual materials and electronic data shall be original carriers or backup media. If it is really difficult to retrieve the original carrier or backup medium, you can collect copies, and indicate the production method, production time, producer and other information. When collecting audio data, a written record of the audio content shall be attached.

　　Article 28In the case that the evidence may be lost or difficult to obtain in the future, with the approval of the person in charge of the network information department, law enforcement officers can register and save the items suspected of committing illegal acts, such as computers, servers, hard disks, mobile storage devices and memory cards, make a list of registered and preserved items, and issue a notice of registration and preservation to the parties concerned. During the period of advance registration and preservation, the parties and other relevant personnel shall not damage, destroy or transfer the evidence.

　　If the network information department implements the advance registration and preservation, it shall notify the parties or holders to be present, and record the relevant measures taken in the on-site transcripts.

　　Article 29The network information department shall, within seven working days, make the following decision on the evidence registered and preserved in advance:

　　(1) If it is necessary to take evidence preservation measures, it shall be returned after taking evidence preservation measures such as recording, copying, photographing and video recording;

　　(two) the need for inspection, testing and identification, inspection, testing and identification of institutions with corresponding qualifications;

　　(three) the illegal facts are not established, or the evidence registered and preserved in advance is not related to the illegal facts, and the registration and preservation in advance is cancelled.

　　If no decision is made within the time limit, the advance registration and preservation shall be cancelled.

　　If the illegal facts are established and should be confiscated according to law, administrative punishment shall be imposed in accordance with legal procedures.

　　Article 30When collecting and preserving electronic data, the network information department can take measures such as on-site evidence collection, remote evidence collection and ordering relevant units and individuals to fix and submit them.

　　After on-site evidence collection and remote evidence collection, electronic evidence collection records shall be made.

　　Article 31In the process of investigation and evidence collection, law enforcement officers shall require the parties to sign, fingerprint, seal or confirm by other means on the transcripts and other relevant materials.

　　If the party concerned refuses to be present, sign, fingerprint, stamp or confirm by other means, or if the party concerned cannot be found, two law enforcement officers shall indicate the reasons in the record or other materials, and invite other relevant personnel to sign or stamp as witnesses, or record by means of audio and video recording.

　　Article 32The equipment and articles proved by evidence to be used for illegal personal information processing activities may be sealed up or detained.

　　To take or remove the measures of sealing up or detaining, a written report shall be made to the main person in charge of the network information department and approved. In case of emergency, if it is necessary to take measures of sealing up or detaining on the spot, law enforcement officers shall report to the main person in charge of the network information department within 24 hours and go through the approval procedures. If the main person in charge of the network information department thinks that the measures of sealing up or detaining should not be taken, it should be lifted immediately.

　　Article 33After the investigation of the case, if the undertaker thinks that the illegal facts are established and should be given administrative punishment, he shall write a report on the handling of the case and draft a proposal for administrative punishment.

　　Under any of the following circumstances, the undertaker shall write a report on the handling of the case, explaining the reasons for the proposed handling, and report it to the person in charge of the network information department for approval and deal with it according to different situations:

　　(a) that the illegal facts can not be established, no administrative punishment;

　　(two) the illegal act is minor and corrected in time, without causing harmful consequences, and no administrative punishment is given;

　　(three) the first violation of the law and the harmful consequences are minor and corrected in time, and administrative punishment may not be imposed;

　　(four) the parties have enough evidence to prove that there is no subjective fault, and administrative punishment shall not be imposed. If there are other provisions in laws and administrative regulations, those provisions shall prevail;

　　(five) the case is not under the jurisdiction of this department and should be transferred to other administrative organs for jurisdiction;

　　(six) suspected of committing a crime, should be transferred to judicial organs.

　　Article 34When conducting supervision and inspection or case investigation, the network information department shall order the parties concerned to correct the illegal acts immediately or within a time limit if the existing evidence proves that the illegal facts are established.

　　Article 35For administrative punishment cases with clear facts, where the parties voluntarily admit their mistakes and admit their punishment, and have no objection to the illegal facts and the application of the law, the network information department shall handle the case quickly.

　　Section 3 Hearing

　　Article 36Before making the following administrative punishment decision, the network information department shall inform the parties of their right to request a hearing. If a party requests a hearing, it shall put forward it within five working days after being informed, and the network information department shall organize a hearing. If a party fails to request a hearing within the time limit, it shall be deemed as giving up the right of hearing:

　　(a) a large amount of fines;

　　(two) the confiscation of a large amount of illegal income, confiscation of a large value of illegal property;

　　(three) to reduce the level of qualification and revoke the license;

　　(four) ordered to stop production and business, ordered to close down, restrict employment;

　　(5) Other heavier administrative penalties;

　　(six) other circumstances stipulated by laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules.

　　Article 37The network information department shall, seven working days before the hearing, serve the notice of hearing on the parties and inform the parties and relevant personnel of the time and place for holding the hearing.

　　The hearing shall make a record of the hearing, which shall be signed or sealed by the parties or their agents after verification. If the parties or their agents refuse to sign or seal, the presiding hearer shall indicate it in the record.

　　The hearing shall be held in public unless it involves state secrets, commercial secrets or personal privacy.

　　After the hearing, the network information department shall make a decision according to the transcripts of the hearing and in accordance with the provisions of Article 42 of these Provisions.

　　Section 4 Decision and Delivery of Administrative Punishment

　　Article 38Before the network information department makes a decision on administrative punishment, it can conduct an interview with the parties according to the relevant regulations, and make a record of law enforcement interview after the conversation.

　　Article 39Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department shall fill in a notice of administrative punishment opinions, inform the parties of the contents, facts, reasons and basis of the administrative punishment to be made, and inform the parties of their rights of statement and defense according to law.

　　Article 40The parties have the right to make statements and defend themselves. The network information department shall fully listen to the opinions of the parties and review the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by the parties; If the facts, reasons or evidence put forward by the parties are established, the network information department shall adopt them.

　　The network information department shall not give heavier punishment for the statements and defenses of the parties.

　　Before making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department and its law enforcement personnel fail to inform the parties of the contents and facts, reasons and basis of the proposed administrative punishment in accordance with these Provisions, or refuse to listen to the statements and defenses of the parties, and shall not make a decision on administrative punishment, except that the parties explicitly waive their right to make statements or defenses.

　　Article 41Under any of the following circumstances, before the person in charge of the network information department makes a decision on administrative punishment, the legal review shall be conducted by the personnel engaged in the legal review of the administrative punishment decision; No decision shall be made without legal examination or examination:

　　(a) involving major public interests;

　　(two) directly related to the major rights and interests of the parties or the third party, after hearing procedures;

　　(3) The case is complicated and involves multiple legal relationships;

　　(4) Other circumstances under which legal review shall be conducted as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

　　The legal audit shall be carried out by the organization responsible for the legal audit determined by the network information department. Personnel engaged in the legal review of administrative punishment decisions for the first time in the network information department shall obtain legal professional qualifications through the national unified legal professional qualification examination.

　　Article 42The administrative punishment decision to be made shall be reported to the person in charge of the network information department for review. The person in charge of the network information department made the following decisions according to different situations:

　　(a) there are illegal acts that should be subject to administrative punishment, and make a decision on administrative punishment according to the seriousness and specific circumstances;

　　(two) if the illegal act is minor, administrative punishment may not be imposed according to law;

　　(three) the illegal facts can not be established, no administrative punishment;

　　(four) if the illegal act is suspected of committing a crime, it shall be transferred to judicial organs.

　　Article 43If the circumstances are complicated or major illegal acts are given administrative punishment, the person in charge of the network information department shall make a collective discussion and decision. The process of collective discussion and decision shall be recorded in writing.

　　Article 44When making a decision on administrative punishment, the network information department shall make a unified number of administrative punishment decisions.

　　The written decision on administrative punishment shall specify the following items:

　　(1) Basic information such as the name and address of the party concerned;

　　(2) Facts and evidence of violation of laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules;

　　(three) the types and basis of administrative punishment;

　　(four) the way and time limit for the performance of administrative punishment;

　　(five) the way and time limit for applying for administrative reconsideration and bringing an administrative lawsuit;

　　(six) the name of the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment and the date of making the decision.

　　If the decision on administrative punishment involves the confiscation of relevant articles, it shall also be accompanied by a certificate of confiscation of articles.

　　The written decision on administrative punishment must be stamped with the seal of the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment.

　　Article 45The network information department shall make a decision on administrative punishment within 90 days from the date of filing the case of administrative punishment.

　　If a decision cannot be made within the prescribed time limit due to the complexity of the case, it may be extended for 60 days with the approval of the person in charge of the department. If the case is particularly complicated or the circumstances are special, and the decision cannot be made after the extension, the person in charge of the network information department at the next higher level shall decide whether to continue the extension, and if it is decided to continue the extension, it shall also determine the reasonable time limit for the extension; If the administrative punishment case handled by the national network information department needs to be postponed, it shall be approved by the main person in charge of the department.

　　In the process of handling the case, the time for hearing, detection, inspection, appraisal and administrative assistance shall not be included in the time limit specified in the first and second paragraphs of this article.

　　Article 46The written decision on administrative punishment shall be delivered to the parties on the spot after the announcement; If the party concerned is not present, it shall, within seven working days, serve the written decision on administrative punishment on the party concerned in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Civil Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　If the parties agree and sign the confirmation letter, the network information department may serve the administrative penalty decision on the parties by fax or e-mail.

　　Chapter IV Execution and Closing of Cases

　　Article 47After the administrative penalty decision is served, the parties concerned shall perform it within the time limit specified in the administrative penalty decision.

　　If the parties are in real financial difficulties, they may apply for postponing or paying the fine by installments, and submit written materials. Upon examination by the case undertaker, the time limit and amount for delaying or paying the fine by installments are determined, and the payment can be postponed or paid by installments after being reported to the person in charge of the network information department for approval.

　　Article 48If the network operator violates the relevant laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules and regulations and needs to close the website, revoke the business license of related value-added telecommunications services or cancel the filing, it shall be transferred to the competent telecommunications department for handling.

　　Article 49If a party refuses to accept the decision on administrative punishment, it may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit according to law.

　　If a party refuses to accept the decision on administrative punishment, applies for administrative reconsideration or brings an administrative lawsuit, the execution of administrative punishment shall not be suspended, unless otherwise provided by law.

　　If a party applies for administrative reconsideration or brings an administrative lawsuit, the amount of the additional fine shall not be counted during the administrative reconsideration or administrative lawsuit.

　　Article 50If a party fails to perform the decision on administrative punishment within the time limit, the network information department that made the decision on administrative punishment may take the following measures:

　　(1) If the fine is not paid at the due date, a fine of 3% of the fine amount shall be imposed every day, and the amount of the fine shall not exceed the fine amount;

　　(2) Apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution in accordance with the provisions of the Administrative Enforcement Law of the People’s Republic of China.

　　If the online information department approves the extension or installment payment of the fine, the time limit for applying to the people’s court for compulsory execution shall be counted from the date of the end of the suspension or installment payment of the fine.

　　Article 51If the network information department applies to the people’s court for compulsory execution, it shall fill in the reminder of the decision on administrative punishment before the application, urge the parties to perform their obligations in writing, and inform them of the time limit and method of performing their obligations, the statements they are entitled to according to law and the defend oneself; Where a fine is involved, there should be a clear amount and payment method.

　　If a party makes a statement or defense, the online information department shall record and review the facts, reasons and evidence put forward by the party, and make a statement and defense record and a statement and defense review opinion. If the facts, reasons or evidence put forward by the parties are established, the network information department shall adopt them.

　　If the party concerned still fails to perform the punishment decision ten working days after the reminder of the administrative punishment decision is served, the online information department may fill in an application for compulsory execution of administrative punishment and apply to the local people’s court with jurisdiction for compulsory execution.

　　Article 52After the implementation or enforcement of the administrative penalty decision, under any of the following circumstances, law enforcement officers shall fill in the administrative penalty closing report, sort out and bind the relevant case materials, and file them for preservation:

　　(a) the decision on administrative punishment has been fulfilled or completed;

　　(two) the people’s court ruled to terminate the execution;

　　(3) The investigation of the case is terminated;

　　(four) to make the provisions of article forty-second of the second to fourth decisions;

　　(five) other circumstances that should be closed.

　　After the case is closed, law enforcement officers shall file the case materials in accordance with the relevant provisions of file management. The filing of files should be a case, a volume, complete materials, standardized and orderly.

　　Article 53The network information department shall, in accordance with the law, record the whole process of the initiation, investigation and evidence collection, examination, decision, delivery and execution of administrative punishment in the form of words, audio and video, and keep them on file.

　　Article 54The network information department shall accept social supervision when implementing administrative punishment. Citizens, legal persons or other organizations have the right to appeal or report acts of administrative punishment against the network information department; The network information department should carefully examine it, and if it finds any mistakes, it should take the initiative to correct them.

　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 55The time limit in these Provisions shall be calculated in hours and days, excluding the beginning hours and days. If the last day of expiration is a legal holiday, the date of expiration shall be the first day after the legal holiday. However, unless otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 56The "above", "below" and "inside" in these Provisions include this number and the corresponding level.

　　Article 57The national network information department is responsible for formulating the model format of administrative law enforcement related documents. The network information departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may refer to the model document format, formulate the document format applicable to administrative law enforcement in their respective administrative regions and print it by themselves.

　　Article 58These Provisions shall come into force as of June 1, 2023. The Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures for Internet Information Content Management (Order No.2 of the State Internet Information Office) promulgated on May 2, 2017 shall be abolished at the same time.

Many friends always struggle when buying a car. There are so many versions of a car, which one should I buy? Should we increase the price to buy the top match, or save some money to choose the low match? Today, let’s choose two popular models: and Krypton 001 to compare and see which model is the most cost-effective.

The guide price of Extreme Yue 01 is 219,900-309,900 yuan, and the guide price of Extreme Krypton 001 is 269,000-329,000 yuan. From the price level, the price of Extreme Yue 01 is slightly lower than that of Extreme Krypton 001. The 2025 Extreme Yue 01 is divided into three versions, namely the MAX version of 219,900 yuan, the MAX long-life version of 249,900 yuan and the MAX performance version of 309,900 yuan; The 2025 Extreme Krypton 001 is divided into five versions, namely, 259,000 yuan WE 95kWh rear-drive version, 269,000 yuan WE 100kWh rear-drive version, 269,000 yuan WE 95kWh four-wheel drive version, 299,000 yuan ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version and 329,000 yuan YOU 100kWh four-wheel drive version.

Let’s first look at the extreme crossing 01. The most cost-effective model of the Extreme Yue 01 is undoubtedly the 309,900 Extreme Yue 01 MAX performance version, with a maximum power of 400kW, and it is the only model among the three models. There are also 18 standard speakers, seat speakers and interior fragrance system, and Nappa leather is also used in the seat configuration, which are all optional in the other two models.

Therefore, the performance version of Extreme Yue 01 MAX is better than the other two models in terms of cabin comfort. After work, sit in the Extreme Yue 01 MAX Performance Edition and experience the warm and advanced atmosphere it creates: seats filled with memory sponges; The multi-layer sound insulation glass with strong quietness, coupled with 18 speakers and car fragrance, makes the whole cockpit a private space with touch, hearing and smell. Sitting in the car can relieve stress and relax.

The most cost-effective model of Krypton 001 is the ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version with a price of 299,000 yuan. Some people may ask, why not the top version? In fact, in daily use, the ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version is completely sufficient, which is the same as the top-mounted CLTC battery life of 705km, the maximum power of 580kW and the same acceleration time of 3.3 seconds. However, if the rear privacy glass, rotatable central control panel, inductive tailgate and other configurations in the top-matching model are not specially needed, there is no need to spend money on the top-matching.

Among the two most cost-effective models, who should I choose? To tell the truth, both have their own characteristics. The extreme krypton 001 ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version is slightly lower than the official guide price of the extreme yue 01 MAX performance version, but in terms of terminal discount, the extreme yue 01 MAX performance version has a cash discount of up to 42,000 yuan, which greatly improves the cost performance. Although Krypton 001 is slightly ahead in power performance, it also has many advantages in cockpit and intelligent driving with its own "black technology".

Respectively, the extreme krypton 001ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version has a maximum power of 580kW, CLTC pure battery life of 705km, and zero-hundred acceleration of 3.3 seconds, which can also be regarded as the first echelon in driving experience, so the extreme krypton 001 is not particularly outstanding in intelligence, and focuses on driving experience. Although it is a pure electric SUV, the Krypton 001 can also give you a driving experience comparable to that of an oil car.

Extreme Yue 01 is famous for its excellent intelligence. In terms of intelligent cockpit, the ultra-cross 01 adopts Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295 super flagship chip, and its computing power is eight times that of 8155. And there is also a super voice assistant SIMO, who takes only 700 milliseconds from talking to doing in voice interaction. When you concentrate on driving, you don’t need to free up your hands to carry out complicated operations such as navigation or music switching. Just move your mouth, SIMO can give you feedback of instructions, achieve real seconds, and maintain safety during driving.

In terms of intelligent driving, Extreme Yue 01 adopts ROBO Drive Max high-order intelligent driving, which is a PPA high-order intelligent driving system based on Baidu Apollo L4 autopilot. In the algorithm of intelligent driving, the leading BEV+Transformer pure vision algorithm is used to make the driver safer and more assured during driving. And realize man-machine co-driving in the process of daily commuting. When you are commuting for a long distance or on the road with complicated road conditions, the intelligent driving of Extreme Crossing 01 can help you to process these road conditions information, thus giving you the most time-saving and easy route planning and making the commuting process safe and relaxed.

Therefore, Extreme Krypton 001 is more suitable for consumers who pursue a balance between performance and cost performance. If you pay more attention to the driving experience, Extreme Krypton 001ME 100kWh four-wheel drive version is a good choice. If you want to feel the fun of science and technology, and often commute long distances and rely heavily on smart driving, then the Extreme 01 MAX Performance Edition can bring you an unprecedented experience.

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The design of Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV inherits the design language of Mercedes-Benz family. The front face adopts a unique starlight grille, with sharp LED headlights and sharp LED daytime running lights, creating a highly recognizable visual effect. The body lines are smooth, combined with a dynamic waistline and a wide wheel arch, showing a strong sporty atmosphere. Overall, Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV perfectly combines luxury with modern technology, showing the unique charm of Mercedes-Benz brand.

Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV has a body length of 4880mm, a body width of 2032mm and a body height of 1,679 mm. With a wheelbase of 3030mm, it shows a spacious and comfortable seating space. The side lines of the car are smooth, and the overall shape shows the combination of movement and elegance. Equipped with 19-inch wheels, the front tyre size is 235/55 R19, and the rear tyre size is also 235/55 R19, which is consistent with tyre size, providing good handling performance and stable driving experience.

The interior design of Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV presents a modern and luxurious style. The center console is equipped with a 12.8-inch touch screen, which integrates the functions of multimedia system, navigation, telephone, air conditioning and sunroof control, and can be easily controlled by intelligent voice recognition system. The steering wheel is made of leather, which supports electric up and down and forward and backward adjustment, providing a comfortable driving experience. The car is equipped with USB and Type-C interfaces. There are 3 interfaces in the front row and 2 interfaces in the back row, which meets the charging needs of passengers. In addition, the front seats are equipped with heating and ventilation functions, and support electric adjustment, including front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4-way), leg rest adjustment and lumbar support (4-way). The rear seats support proportional tilting, providing more storage space. The seat is made of imitation leather, which provides passengers with good comfort and support.

Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV is equipped with an excellent motor with a maximum power of 300 kW and a maximum torque of 858 Nm, which provides a strong power output and a smooth driving experience for the vehicle.

It is said that although the power performance of Mercedes-Benz EQE SUV is acceptable, the flexibility of the vehicle is not good because the low-profile model is not equipped with rear wheel steering function. As an owner of an oil tanker, he mentioned that there is still a gap between the handling experience and the BMW 3 Series, especially when encountering a big pit, the body shakes more and the overall feeling is soft.

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The exterior design of BMW i4 embodies the innovative spirit of BMW brand. The front face design adopts the classic kidney-shaped air intake grille, but its internal structure is more futuristic. With the sharp LED headlights, it shows a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth, and the waistline on the side extends from the front to the rear, which enhances the dynamics of the body. On the whole, the exterior design of BMW i4 not only retains the traditional elements of BMW, but also incorporates the modern style, showing its unique charm.

The body size of BMW i4 is 4785 * 1852 * 1455mm, and the wheelbase is 2856mm. It uses streamlined body lines, and the waistline extending from the front fender to the rear outlines a beautiful curve. The front track is 1601 mm and the rear track is 1630 mm, which ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle. The equipped tyre size is the front 245/45 R18 and the rear 255/45 R18, respectively, which is matched with the fashionable and sporty rim style to enhance the visual impact of the whole vehicle.

The interior design of BMW i4 embodies the combination of sports and technology. The center console uses a 14.9-inch LCD screen and is equipped with multimedia system and navigation function. Through the voice recognition control system, users can easily operate multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioner. The steering wheel is made of genuine leather, with manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment functions, so that the driver can find the best driving posture. The interior is also equipped with two front and two rear USB and Type-C interfaces, as well as the front wireless charging function, which is convenient for passengers to charge at any time. In terms of seats, i4 provides the choice of imitation leather, genuine leather and leather /Alcantara mixed materials. The main and co-pilot seats have heating function and are equipped with various adjustment methods, including front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment, leg rest adjustment and lumbar support. In addition, the driver’s seat is equipped with electric seat memory function to provide the driver with personalized comfort experience. The rear seats can be laid down in proportion to increase storage space.

The BMW i4 is equipped with a powerful motor, with a maximum power of 210kW and a peak torque of 400 Nm, which ensures excellent dynamic performance and response speed during driving.

It means that the configuration parameters of Series I’s 3, 5 and X3 are almost the same, only the shell is different, but he wants to buy I4 for more than 100,000 yuan, just for its face value and personality. Of course, as an imported model, he doesn’t need to buy the trouble of deducting the sign after going home. The design of big nostrils is not mediocre at first glance. Every time he drives out, others often guess that the car is worth 600 thousand, which makes him feel embarrassed.

The competition in the automobile market is still very fierce. What Xiaobian brings today is. The strength of the car still needs to be understood before we know, so let’s take a look.

Let’s look at the appearance of Extreme Yue 07 first. The front face of Extreme Yue 07 looks very domineering and sporty. Coupled with the stylish and simple headlights, the design looks very solid. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4953 mm * 1989 mm * 1475 mm. The car uses simple lines, and the car body feels very spirited. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite dynamic. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks very simple, and the taillights look very fashionable and simple, and the sense of neatness is vivid.

In terms of interior, the overall visual effect of Extreme Yue 07 interior is very distinctive, reflecting the sense of design. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, and it is made of imitation leather, which looks a little more youthful and fashionable. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a dynamic and lively touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and conforms to the temperament of the car. The dashboard and seats give people a good feeling, too. Let’s take a look. The dashboard design is remarkable, and the trendy design elements make people remember it at a glance. The car uses a genuine leather/imitation leather mixed seat, and the seat is wrapped in place, so the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Extreme Yue 07 matches the gearbox, the acceleration time of 100 kilometers is 3.5s, and the power meets the daily use completely OK.

Extreme Yue 07 is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which can be said to be quite satisfactory.

Such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the cost performance is good. If you like this car, don’t hurry to learn more about it!

　　
Xinhuanet Moscow, September 13th (Reporter Lu Jingli) Russian President Vladimir Putin accepted the resignation request of Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Fradkov and his government in the Kremlin on the 12th, and the three-year and four-month ruling course of the current Russian government came to an end. At present, Putin has proposed to the State Duma (the lower house of parliament) that Zubcov, director of the Russian Federal Financial Supervision Bureau, be the prime minister. Although the candidate for the new prime minister has yet to be decided after discussion by the State Duma, public opinion here generally believes that there is no suspense for Zubcov to become prime minister.

　　　　Analysts pointed out that this personnel change reflects that Russian leaders are preparing for parliamentary elections at the end of this year and presidential elections in March next year.

　　　 On September 12th, Russian President Vladimir Putin (left) and Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov were talking at the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia. On the same day, Putin announced that he accepted the resignation request of Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov and his government in order to prepare for the upcoming parliamentary and presidential elections. Xinhua News Agency/AFP

　　　　　Fradkov was commended.

　　　　Putin spoke highly of the work done by the current government when he met with Fradkov on 12th. He said: "In recent years, under your leadership, the Russian government has done a lot of work and achieved important positive results. The gross domestic product has maintained a good growth momentum, the inflation rate has decreased, people’s real income has increased, living standards have improved, and major social projects have been implemented. " In recognition of Fradkov’s contribution as Prime Minister, Putin signed an order to award him the first-class medal of "Meritorious Service to the Motherland".

　　　　Shevchenko, a famous Russian TV presenter, commented that the Fradkov government is the "most active and stable" government in Russia in the past 15 years. Critic Danilin said that the current government has performed its duties well and is the "most professional" government in these years.

　　　　Russian people also gave positive comments to the Fradkov government. A public opinion survey conducted by the Russian Social Public Opinion Research Center at the end of March shows that people generally believe that the government has made achievements in solving the population problem, implementing key projects in the social field, resolving economic and financial problems and improving people’s living standards.

　　　　　What about dissolving the government?

　　　　Since the Fradkov government has done a good job, why did it propose to resign? The dialogue between Fradkov and Putin revealed the reason. Fradkov said, "There will be major political events in the country, and the State Duma and presidential elections will be held soon. I hope that the president will have full freedom in solving personnel and other issues" and there are no restrictions in arranging "the power framework". Putin, on the other hand, said that it is indeed necessary to consider how to arrange government agencies so that they can prepare for the country’s entry into the "period after parliamentary elections and presidential elections in March 2008."

　　　　Putin further explained during his visit to Belgrod State on the 13th that the measures to dissolve the government were taken to make people concentrate on performing their duties better, so that the Russian regime and management system could play an uninterrupted role during and after the general election. From the perspective of reforming the management system, it is best to take necessary measures to solve some personnel problems now, avoid the interruption of work caused by a large number of personnel changes, and clarify the direction of the construction and development of state institutions after the election.

　　　　The Russian authority consists of the president, the government and the parliament. Both the parliament and the president are facing re-election, and there will be a period of adaptation for the whole country after the re-election. During this period, it is very important for government agencies to function step by step, and Putin began to solve the problem of forming a new government three months before the general election in order to let the new government spend more than two months in the running-in period to ensure the smooth transfer of state power. Therefore, in the words of Fradkov, it is "timely" and "reasonable" to resign at this time.

　　　　　Zubcov, a dark horse in politics

This is the information photo of Victor Zubcov taken on March 18th, 2004. Xinhua news agency

　　　　When Putin proposed to the State Duma that Zubcov should take over as the prime minister of the new government, the critics all shouted "surprise" with one voice.

　　　　Zubcov was born in Sverdlovsk region in September 1941. When Putin was the chairman of the Foreign Economic Liaison Committee in St. Petersburg, Zubcov was the vice chairman. Later, he served as the first deputy minister of the Russian Ministry of Finance and is now the director of the Federal Financial Supervision Bureau.

　　　　In November 2001, Zubcov established a financial supervision institution in Russia from scratch. Over the past few years, financial supervision institutions have made outstanding achievements, the anti-money laundering struggle has progressed smoothly in legislation and organization, and Russia’s financial and investment reputation has been greatly improved.

　　　　In an interview with reporters after being nominated as Prime Minister, Zubcov said that corruption is one of the most important problems in Russia today and the main obstacle to improving the efficiency of the state management system. As a result, analysts speculate that Putin used Zubcov to solve the problem of clean government in state institutions. Anti-corruption will be one of the priorities of the new Russian government, and it will also be one of the key tasks before and after the Russian parliament and presidential election.

Editor: Li Xingchi

Original DJ Yaqing DJ Yaqing

Zheng Xulan’s sweet song "Sunrise in Songshan Depression, Morning Bell Starts Birds …" was heard on TV.

We can’t help but pull our thoughts back to the 1980s.

The bloody age when martial arts films were popular on the big screen.

The classic pictures in a series of martial arts films reappear in our minds, and even the expressions and actions of the actors in the film are so clear and identifiable.

In the 1980s, martial arts films opened our eyes and made us feel the charm of "real skill and hard work". The memory of youth is the best, and we can’t forget it no matter how many years.

In the 1980s, we got to know many martial arts stars through martial arts films-Jet Li, Zhao Changjun, Li Junfeng, Qiu Jianguo, Ge Chunyan, Lin Quan, Huang Qiuyan … But do you still remember those actors who played villains in the martial arts films in the 1980s? Many of them were rarely mentioned later. However, their performance in martial arts films in those years also left us with a deep memory.

Speaking of it, many of them are actually the real masters. They also showed their true kung fu skills from boxing to meat in the martial arts movies in the 1980s, and they also had their own unique features in depicting characters.

Today, Yaqing wants to review with you eight male stars who played villains in martial arts films in the 1980s.

The villains they created in those days were all sinister and vicious, which was anathema to people. However, when we put them together, we will find that the gap is still quite large and clear at a glance.

Let’s start with the most popular Shaolin Temple.

Yu Chenghui: In 1982, he played Wang Renze in Shaolin Temple.

In 1982, a Shaolin Temple not only made Jet Li famous, but also made us remember two good actors, Yu Chenghui and Ji Chunhua.

One of the reasons is that their real kung fu reflected in the film is amazing, and their agility is biting. The second reason is that their performances and appearances also have obvious memory points.

Yu Chenghui was born in Penglai, Shandong Province on August 16th, 1939. At the age of 12, he began to learn martial arts. At the age of 24, he participated in the martial arts competition in East China, and won the championship with a set of "drunken swords", which made him famous. However, because of his leg injury in training, he was forced to leave the Wushu team and enter Shandong Huangtai Paper Machinery Factory as a worker. However, he did not stop studying martial arts, and used his spare time to complete the idea of "mantis through the forest". In 1979, he joined the Ningxia Wushu Team as a coach and began to attract the attention of some film directors.

I think there is an unyielding spirit in him. I think this should be an important reason for his fruitful performance in film and television.

However, at first, when his good friends Wu Bin and Yu Hai persuaded him to play Wang Renze in Shaolin Temple, he was still somewhat disapproving. However, on the same day, he replaced the sword with a wooden stick and performed a set of two-handed swords in public, which opened the eyes of the audience. Zhang Xinyan immediately grabbed him. Because, Yu Chenghui’s consummate swordsmanship and his wild temperament are the best candidates for Wang Renze.

As a result, Zhang Xinyan’s actor configuration played a very good chemical reaction. Jet Li’s youth and Yu Chenghui’s sophistication were in sharp contrast. The huge contrast and intense drama conflict made the audience want to stop.

Yu Chenghui successfully portrayed the villain Wang Renze in Shaolin Temple, and he highlighted Wang Renze’s "cruelty and cruelty", which is unforgettable. Later, he played the villain Herzog in "South and North Shaolin", and the martial arts shown in the film were superb.

Then from 1988, he began to create positive images in film and television dramas, such as Ma Yi in Heroes of the Yellow River, Feng Qingyang in the legendary swordsman, Huang Yaoshi in Heroes of the Condor, and Zhang Sanfeng in The Dragon Slayer. His positive characters are quite immortal, which is totally different from the villains he played before. This also shows his ability to shape characters from another aspect.

It’s just that Yu Chenghui died too early. On July 4, 2015, he died of illness at the age of 76. However, the villain images he left on the screen, such as Wang Renze in Shaolin Temple and An Yunshan in Four Famous Arrests, are forever engraved in our minds.

Second, Ji Chunhua: In 1982, he played the vulture in Shaolin Temple.

Does an actor’s appearance matter? Of course it matters.

If Yu Chenghui’s eyes of Yin and Yang make us unforgettable in Shaolin Temple, then Ji Chunhua’s highly recognizable appearance makes us remember the actor who plays the vulture at once.

His image is so distinctive. Bald head, fierce expression, and an obvious scar on his face. He hardly needs to act, making the audience feel that he is the "vulture" and the "eagle".

Later, he played the role of the bandit leader Bald Three Guns in Zhang Yimou’s "Red Sorghum". Although the film brought together Jiang Wen, Gong Li and other professional performers, Ji Chunhua’s performance never lost. His image, his expression, and his eyes all made him "have both spirit and form".

Ji Chunhua thus became a "villain" in the audience’s mind. Unlike Yu Chenghui, who also came out of Shaolin Temple, Ji Chunhua has been playing the villain almost all the time since he became an artist, and all of them are so lifelike. It was not until 2014 that he first appeared in a positive image in the movie "Golden Ou". This year, he is 53 years old.

Ji Chunhua was only 21 years old when he starred in Shaolin Temple. Since then, he has devoted almost all his energy to film and television performances. In July 2018, before his death, he also participated in the TV series "The Night Son". As a result, a few days later, he died at the age of 57. It’s a pity that he died young.

Third, Liu Liehong: In 1983, he played Niu Wu in Wudang.

Compared with Yu Chenghui and Ji Chunhua, Liu Liehong’s fame is not too big. I think the main reason for this is that his film and television dramas are limited. But his strength is not to be underestimated. His boxing, in particular, is very distinctive, as swift as an eagle and as sensitive as a monkey. The so-called "as fast as lightning" is nothing more than that.

In 1983, the Beijing Film Factory filmed the martial arts film Wu Linzhi, and invited Li Junfeng, the coach of the Beijing Wushu Team, to play Dongfang Xu in first hero, while Liu Liehong from Hunan was chosen as the villain Niu Wu. The most important reason is that I took a fancy to his rock eagle fist. He integrated the claw, grab, hook, grab, take and lock of the mountain rock eagle into his own boxing, which played a finishing touch in shaping the role of Niu Wu.

Since then, Liu Liehong has also played Cyclops, a distinctive villain, in a TV series with super high ratings in the 1980s. That unique shape is unforgettable. If he is different from Yu Chenghui and Ji Chunhua in performance, I think Yu Chenghui and Ji Chunhua obviously know how to express themselves in front of the camera. Both martial arts and literary dramas are naturally in place. Liu Liehong’s martial arts drama is impeccable, but the literary drama is somewhat stiff and the performance traces are heavier.

So later, Liu Liehong did not devote all his energy to film and television creation, but carried forward Rock Eagle Boxing. He has won awards in numerous competitions in China. He also founded Xiangnan Martial Arts Hall, which trained many students. In 2007, his original rock eagle boxing was also recorded in the list of intangible cultural heritage protection in Shaoyang City, Hunan Province.

Fourth, Sun Genfa: In 1984, he played Halfu in The King of Southern Boxing.

Do you still remember the actor Sun Genfa?

He actually debuted earlier than Jet Li and Yu Chenghui.

At the end of 1979, Hong Kong’s "Phoenix" film company planned to shoot "Treasure Beyond the Great Wall", and invited mainland professional Wushu athletes to participate in the shooting of martial arts films and kung fu films for the first time. Wu bin, the coach of Beijing Wushu Team, served as the martial arts instructor, and athletes Wang Qun and Yan Ping participated in the performance, including Sun Genfa’s name. But because they were all walk-ons, they didn’t attract more audience’s attention.

In 1984, the filming of "King of Nanquan" was started, and Qiu Jianguo, the champion of Nanquan of Guangdong Wushu Team, was invited to play Lin Hainan, the positive role of first hero. The performance task of the villain, Hal Fu, was performed by Sun Genfa of Beijing Wushu Team. Sun Gen’s skill is excellent, especially the rope dart, which is dazzling. In the final final duel between Nanquan King and Halfu, Qiu Jianguo and Sun Genfa both showed their own housekeeping skills. That’s a master’s trick, like a tiger versus a lion. In the end, it was Nanquan Wang who used the trick of "anti-whirlwind leg" to kill Hal.

Sun Genfa’s image is actually very distinctive, and there is no sense of disobedience in playing the villain. I remember that he has only been in two films since then. One of them is The Lonely Murderer. He plays the leading role, playing the hero, lonely Han, and looks tough. But his performance in this film is not particularly brilliant. Of course, a big reason for this is that the shooting technique of Lonely Murderer is not accepted by the public, the picture is blurred, the pace is slow, and the martial arts scene is not satisfactory. In it, Sun Genfa showed no impressive performance except hard work.

Then, he played the villain Scarface in "The Secret Letters of the Nation" filmed by Shanghai Film Studio, but fewer people have seen this film. After that, there was little news of him.

V. Sun Jiankui: In 1984, he played the second master in Shaolin Kid.

Sun Jiankui also performed well in Shaolin Temple, and his role as a corner of the sky was an eye-opener with a set of drunken sticks like flowing water. Then in 1984, he co-starred with Zhang Xinyan and Jet Li in Shaolin Kid. But this time, the final he played was a villain.

In Shaolin Kid, Sun Jiankui’s performance is wonderful. First of all, he designed a "cross-eye" for the role, which was very joyful, and then his performance was natural, without affectation or facial makeup. So I was deeply impressed by the image he played as the second master.

Perhaps it is precisely because of the success of this role that Sun Jiankui has created a series of villains in film and television dramas since then, especially Liu Jin, the great eunuch who commits all kinds of evils in tai chi zhang sanfeng, who has been vividly portrayed by him, which is as good as Donnie Yen’s performance in Xinlongmen Inn. In addition, his role as a demon monk in the western regions in Five Ancestors of New Shaolin is also very distinctive. In order to highlight the viciousness of this role, he also specially designed a "sissy" and liked to make up, but he was good at kung fu. This contrast has left a very strong memory for the audience.

Thus, Sun Jiankui is a very savvy and creative actor. Later, he started as a martial arts instructor, designed movements for flying swords of dragon gate, and won an Academy Award. At the same time, he also played a role in movies such as The White-haired Witch’s Moon Paradise. And now I’m old.

Yu Rongguang: In 1985, he played Qi Tianyuan in Kapok Robe.

Yu Rongguang is handsome in image and tough in temperament. But when he first appeared on the screen, he appeared as a villain.

He was born in Beijing in 1958. He is the son of Mr. Yu Mingkui, a Peking Opera performer. He studied martial arts in Peking Opera since childhood, which laid a very solid foundation for his future acting in martial arts films. In 1985, he played the role of Qi Tianyuan, the villain, in Kapok Robe. In the film, he not only shows Wudang boxing in a variety of patterns, but also portrays Qi Tianyuan’s character vividly, without affectation or stubbornness, which is really rare.

Since then, he has found a feeling like a duck to water in the film and television circle, and made such martial arts films as A Mirage, Ancient and Modern Wars of Qin Fighters, and The Rise of the Storm in Dong Fangbubai. However, different from other martial arts stars who debuted in the same period, Yu Rongguang dared to expand his career, not only by showing his fists in martial arts films, but also by consciously honing his acting skills, and finally made himself a film and television actor who could win the audience’s love by acting instead of kung fu.

So after that, we saw different types of characters created by Yu Rongguang. The label on his body is no longer limited to "martial arts star", but has become an "old play bone". I think the biggest difference between him and other martial arts stars is that he pays attention to depicting the character and the heart of the character. This actually put forward higher requirements for actors, but Yu Rongguang really achieved "both civil and military skills".

Later, he embarked on the road of producer and director, which shows that he has a very clear plan for his career development. Now he is still active in the film and television circle. Not long ago, we saw him in the costume drama Shangshi. Now, at the age of 64, he still looks like body of work.

Seven, Wang Chi: In 1988, he played the black sand palm in Invincible Yuanyang Leg.

Wang Chi was originally a teacher of Beijing Institute of Physical Education. In 1985, he made his debut as a ranger in the martial arts film Shaolin lay disciple. But the role he really impressed the audience was the villain Black Sand Palm in Invincible Yuanyang Leg, which was filmed in 1988.

In "Invincible Yuanyang Leg", Wang Chi plays the black sand palm, which moves quickly and flies up and down, and the tricks are strange and unpredictable, which also makes the audience dizzying. But his performance, like many martial arts actors, is superficial and obviously has not mastered the essence of film and television performances.

However, this situation has been greatly improved with the increase of his participation in movies. Since then, he has participated in movies such as Dragon Stunt Team, Desperate House, Killer Love, Life in the Desert, and so on, with both positive and negative characters.

He probably began to try to be a director in 1994, and directed films such as Men Are Difficult, Sherlock Holmes and China Woman, but the market response was not satisfactory. Then it was forgotten by the audience.

Eight, Ge Cunzhuang: In 1980, he played the role of Sha Helmsman in The Mysterious Buddha.

In fact, strictly speaking, the first martial arts film we saw in the 1980s was not Shaolin Temple, but The Mysterious Giant Buddha. After the film was released in 1981, it caused a great sensation. It’s a miracle that the movie has created a box office of over 100 million yuan with a ticket price of 15 cents.

In addition to the suspense and fascinating plot of the film, the cast of the star cast is also the main reason why everyone likes this film. Therefore, although the martial arts effect of this film is not very brilliant, it has become an unforgettable work for fans.

The heroine of this film is Liu Xiaoqing, who was a proper box office guarantee in the 1980s. Ge Cunzhuang, who plays the villain Sha Dui, is a famous villain performing artist loved by the audience.

Ge Cunzhuang challenged himself again in The Mysterious Giant Buddha. Unlike Yang Shouye, who played in Guerrilla in the Plain, and Feng Lanchi, who played in The Red Flag, Master Sha in The Mysterious Buddha has a hard skill. Ge Cunzhuang didn’t know martial arts at first, but in order to play this bully well, regardless of his age, he practiced kung fu hard until he could "confuse the real with the fake". I think his spirit of challenging himself deserves our admiration.

Ge Cunzhuang showed superb acting skills in The Mysterious Giant Buddha. Although his martial arts are not as good as those of Yu Chenghui and Ji Chunhua, he is the most brilliant performer. The character’s personality is clearly defined by him, and the image of a cruel and vicious rudder is on the screen.

I think it is precisely because of Ge Cunzhuang’s outstanding performance in The Mysterious Giant Buddha that in 1983, when the Beijing Film Factory filmed Wu Linzhi, he became the actor of the villain Liang Shouren. He vividly portrayed the image of a gentle but actually scheming "dog’s leg". It’s different from Master Sha in The Mysterious Buddha.

Since then, Ge Cunzhuang has appeared in many film and television dramas, and he has been acting until 2013. On March 4th, 2016, performing artist Ge Cunzhuang died of illness at the age of 87.

Time flies, time flies. Unconsciously, 40 years have passed. However, old images still appear in front of us from time to time. So when we talk about the martial arts films we saw in the 1980s, which one impressed you the most? Which actor is the best villain? Welcome everyone to interact with more netizens through the message area. I am Yaqing. Thank you again for your attention. My friends remember to like, collect and share. Let’s meet at the same time tomorrow. Goodbye.

Original title: "In the 1980 s, I played the villain in a martial arts film, and put Ji Chunhua and other eight male stars together, and the difference came out."

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