How to construct the basic institutional arrangement of primary distribution, redistribution and tertiary distribution coordination

  Author: Song Xiaowu (Professor, China Institute of Income Distribution, Beijing Normal University)

  Since the reform and opening up, we have learned from the experience and lessons of developed market economy countries, combined with the actual situation in China, and after arduous exploration, we have initially established a socialist market economy distribution system. Since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has repeatedly reiterated its adherence to the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting. In 2019, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee adopted the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Upholding and Perfecting the Socialism with Chinese characteristics System and Promoting the Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capacity, which juxtaposed the distribution system of "distribution according to work as the main body and coexistence of various modes of distribution" with "socialist market economic system" and "public ownership as the main body and common development of various ownership economies" and raised it to a basic socialist economic system. Practice has proved that the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and coexistence of various modes of distribution has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of enterprises and employees and provided a basic platform for the sustained and rapid growth of China’s economy, which we should adhere to for a long time. At the same time, we should also see that in the field of distribution, the problem of imbalance is increasingly prominent and the problem of inadequacy still exists. On the road to common prosperity, how to further deepen the reform of the distribution system and build a coordinated income distribution system of primary distribution, redistribution and tertiary distribution is a new challenge.

  Primary distribution, redistribution and tertiary distribution are closely related to each other, and each of them follows different principles. Primary distribution is the foundation. Under the condition of socialist market economy, the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Labor, land, capital, technology, management and data should all be allocated by the market, and each should be rewarded according to its contribution. The secondary distribution is based on the primary distribution. Without the reasonable and legal primary distribution of income from all walks of life, it is difficult for the country to establish a standardized secondary distribution system including basic social security, taxation and financial transfer payment. The third distribution should encourage and guide high-income groups to enhance their sense of social responsibility, actively participate in and set up social welfare undertakings, and it is based on the initial distribution and redistribution. We can imagine that if the initial distribution still allows enterprises to eat from the same pot as the state and employees to eat from the same pot, and egalitarianism prevails, there will be no third distribution.

  Some people think that "the initial distribution depends on the market, the redistribution depends on the government, and the third distribution depends on voluntariness". This summary is concise and easy to remember, but it is also somewhat simplified. In terms of initial distribution, if the market system is relatively mature and sound, there is no big problem with the formulation of "initial distribution depends on the market" in principle. However, China has turned from a planned economy to a socialist market economy, and the market system construction, especially the factor market construction including labor, is still not perfect. For example, the urban and rural household registration system and the basic public service system closely related to it have divided the labor market, resulting in the income of nearly 300 million migrant workers being depressed for a long time. Obviously, the initial distribution of migrant workers can not be simply solved by the individual labor contract relationship such as independent employment of enterprises and independent employment of migrant workers. The deep-seated problem is how the government can further break the administrative division between urban and rural areas and accelerate the cultivation of a unified labor market. In 2020, the central government issued the Opinions on Building a More Perfect System and Mechanism for Market-oriented Allocation of Factors, proposing to deepen the reform of the household registration system, smooth the channels for settlement, "explore and promote the cumulative mutual recognition of the years of household registration in the same city in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other urban agglomerations", "liberalize and relax the restrictions on urban settlement except for a few megacities, and try to register the household registration system with the habitual residence", "establish a mechanism linking basic public services such as urban education, employment and entrepreneurship, medical and health care with the permanent population,Promote the allocation of public resources according to the size of permanent residents. " Implementing the above policies and measures will greatly accelerate the process of urbanization of migrant workers and is of great significance to narrowing the income distribution gap. For another example, it is also an indispensable responsibility of the government to adjust the minimum wage guideline, strengthen the supervision of the labor market, and provide public services for employment.

  "Redistribution depends on the government" is no problem in principle. Basic social security, taxation, financial transfer payment and other redistribution systems are implemented by government legislation. China has established a social security system covering the whole people, exempted agricultural taxes and reduced the burden of corporate taxes and fees during the epidemic period, increased support for poor areas such as the old and the young through financial transfer payments, and promoted the equalization of basic public services, and made great progress in secondary distribution. The problem now is that China’s redistribution system has not played a sufficient role in stabilizing the initial distribution gap. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, in view of the prevailing social background of egalitarianism, it was proposed to introduce the incentive principle of initial distribution into redistribution, which was understandable under the historical conditions at that time. After 40 years of reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in China’s social and economic life. While creating a miracle of rapid economic development, many problems have gradually accumulated, among which the gap in income distribution is very prominent. In this case, the reform of the basic social security system in the 14 th Five-Year Plan and the next period should emphasize and improve its fairness and mutual assistance. In terms of tax system, the proportion of direct taxes in China is still low, in which the highest marginal tax rate of labor remuneration is higher than the capital income tax rate. Among the direct taxes in China, the property tax, inheritance tax and gift tax, which are mainly aimed at flow income and adjust the gap of stock property, have been brewing for many years and have not been introduced. Long-term accumulation will certainly enlarge the wealth gap of residents.Therefore, during the Tenth Five-Year Plan and in the future, the focus of government redistribution should be on stabilizing the excessive gap in initial distribution.

  The formulation of "three distributions depend on voluntariness" is not rigorous enough. Voluntary donation is certainly worth promoting and affirming. In 2016, China promulgated the Charity Law, which clearly stipulates that "charity activities should follow the principles of legality, voluntariness, honesty and non-profit", and "the state encourages and supports natural persons, legal persons and other organizations to practice socialist core values, carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, and carry out charity activities according to law". The third distribution is still in its infancy in China, and there is still a big gap between the per capita donation and that of developed countries. However, the number of billionaires has surpassed that of the United States, ranking first in the world. From the international experience, if there are no taxes such as inheritance tax and gift tax, it is difficult to develop the three distributions in a standardized way only by propaganda and moral inspiration. With the platform of inheritance tax and gift tax, at the same time, giving tax incentives to charities and other social welfare undertakings, establishing institutional mechanisms conducive to the healthy development of charitable organizations and strengthening supervision and management, the three distributions can be more fully developed.

  To sum up, the primary distribution focuses on mobilizing the enthusiasm of market competition at all levels of society, so that all sources that can create wealth can fully emerge. Redistribution focuses on the equalization of basic public services, correcting the "Matthew effect" of the market and laying a solid foundation for social stability and sustainable economic development. The third distribution focuses on charity and public welfare, so that the fruits of economic development can better benefit all citizens. The distribution system in these three areas should be adjusted and combined according to different stages of economic and social development. It is the basic platform to realize common prosperity to build a distribution system with different emphases and internal connections.

  Guangming Daily (October 9, 2021, 02 edition)

Children’s cosmetics will enter the most stringent supervision era.

  In less than a month, the new regulations for children’s cosmetics will land. Figure/vision china

  Yangcheng Evening News reporter Chen Zeyun Xue Renzheng

  Children’s cosmetics will enter the most stringent regulatory era! Since January 1, 2022, the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Children’s Cosmetics (referred to as the Regulations) will be officially implemented, which is also the first regulatory document specifically for children’s cosmetics in China.

  The "Regulations" directly face the existing problems such as children’s toys passing off as children’s cosmetics, and "Xiao Zi" products passing off as children’s cosmetics, and require enterprises to mark the signs specified by National Medical Products Administration on the packaging of children’s cosmetics to facilitate consumers’ quick identification. At the same time, in order to avoid the confusion between the characteristics and appearance of children’s cosmetics and foods, medicines and other products, it is forbidden to mark words such as "food grade" and "edible" or food-related patterns. In addition, the formula design of children’s cosmetics should follow the principles of safety priority, efficacy necessity and minimalist formula. In less than a month, the new regulations for children’s cosmetics will be implemented. How will the most stringent new regulations "sweep" the industry? Is Guangdong, as a major cosmetics province, ready for adjustment?

  Selling "children’s cosmetics" is actually "toys"

  Lip gloss, lipstick, nail polish … … The Yangcheng Evening News reporter searched on a number of e-commerce platforms and found that today’s children’s beauty products are dazzling, ranging from a dozen yuan to several hundred yuan. Sales are also very impressive, with many products selling 1000+ per month. For example, a nail polish for children in 29 yuan sells 4000+ per month, with only 20,000 comments.

  Most of these children’s beauty products are beautifully packaged, and the products will be labeled as "healthy", "non-toxic", "water-soluble formula", "natural ingredients", "mild and non-irritating" and "preservative-free", and some will also indicate "food-grade" environmental protection children’s makeup, especially in the fields of lipstick and lip gloss, and "edible" is a big selling point claimed by merchants.

  However, the reporter noticed that most of these products sold in the name of children’s make-up are toys, and most of the merchants sold are "XX toy franchise stores". Yangcheng Evening News reporter randomly clicked on a top-selling "Disney Children’s Cosmetics Set" on Taobao, and the word "children’s cosmetics" appeared in a conspicuous position in the product interface, but the word "toy" appeared in the product name after the drop-down. The merchant issued the test results of eight heavy metals, and said that the content of heavy metals such as mercury and lead in this product was far below the national standard.

  In the comment area, many parents have exposed photos of their children directly applying makeup to their faces, but some parents also said that their children were allergic after using them. The reporter consulted the customer service as a consumer. The customer service emphasized to the reporter that this product is made of environmentally friendly materials, which is non-toxic and harmless. When the reporter asked if the product had a cosmetic registration certificate, it showed the reporter China Compulsory Product Certification (CCC), but failed to show the cosmetics production license, approval number and other related information.

  There is also a phenomenon that children’s cosmetics and children’s toys are mixed and sold offline. In a stationery store in Pazhou New Village, the clerk recommended two "children’s cosmetics" in the store to reporters and said that they could all be painted on their faces. However, the reporter noticed that one was marked with the record number of "Guangdong Cosmetics" on the back, and the other was only certified as "3C", which also means that the latter is actually a toy, not a cosmetic product, but the two brands are sold in the same container.

  In fact, cosmetics and toys are two kinds of products, which are managed according to different laws and regulations. In addition, even for regular children’s cosmetics, the safety of raw materials is worthy of parents’ attention. The reporter saw that the ingredients of most children’s makeup are not much different from those of adult cosmetics, including preservatives, flavors, colorants, etc., such as talcum powder and mica powder. Whether such products are suitable for children is also open to question.

  "Little Golden Shield" released new regulations to accelerate the landing

  Illegal production, false propaganda, confusing the concepts of toys and children’s cosmetics … … These phenomena that hinder the healthy development of the industry will be curbed.

  On October 8th, National Medical Products Administration issued the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Children’s Cosmetics, which is the first regulatory document specifically for children’s cosmetics in China, and will come into force on January 1st, 2022. The reporter found out that there are 22 Regulations, covering the definition, labeling requirements, formula design principles, safety assessment, production and operation requirements of children’s cosmetics.

  Compared with adult cosmetics, National Medical Products Administration has put forward stricter supervision requirements for children’s cosmetics. The Regulations clearly stipulate that the environmental requirements of the production workshop for the production of children’s skin care cosmetics should comply with the relevant provisions of the quality management standards for cosmetics production. Cosmetics shall be submitted with technical information such as product formula, inspection report and safety assessment data before they are put on the market, and can only be put on the market after registration or filing; The formula design of children’s cosmetics should follow the principle of "safety first, essential efficacy and minimal formula", and the product safety should be evaluated through safety assessment and necessary toxicology tests.

  From the point of view of raw materials, children’s cosmetics should choose cosmetics raw materials with a long history of safe use, not new raw materials that are still in the monitoring period, and not raw materials prepared by new technologies such as gene technology and nanotechnology; It is not allowed to use raw materials for freckle whitening, acne removal, hair removal, deodorization, dandruff removal, hair loss prevention, hair dyeing, perm, etc.

  From the outer packaging, the Regulations require enterprises to mark the signs specified by National Medical Products Administration on children’s cosmetics packaging, and at the same time, require cosmetics enterprises to mark warning terms such as "should be used under adult supervision" and prohibit labeling words such as "food grade" and "edible" or food-related patterns.

  The new regulations are accelerating. On December 1st, National Medical Products Administration officially announced the children’s cosmetic logo "Little Golden Shield". The children’s cosmetic logo should be marked on the upper left of the display surface (hereinafter referred to as the main display page) which is easy to be observed in sales packaging according to the pattern specified by National Medical Products Administration, and it is clear and easy to identify.

  The 10 billion-scale market is expected to be further standardized.

  It is worth noting that, according to the Classification Rules and Catalogue of Cosmetics issued by National Medical Products Administration, cosmetics used by children aged 3-12 can include claims of beauty modification and makeup removal, while those used by infants aged 0-3 are limited to cleaning, moisturizing, hair care, sun protection, soothing and refreshing. In other words, cosmetics used by infants under 3 years old do not include the category of "make-up".

  According to the independent market research and consulting company Mintel, in 2021, the market scale of baby care products for 0-3 years old in China will increase from 7 billion yuan in 2016 to 17.6 billion yuan. According to the data released by Koala Haibao in July 2020, children’s makeup increased by 300% year-on-year.

  In less than a month, the "Regulations" will be implemented. The reporter noted that in order to help guide the smooth transition of the industry, the new regulations reserved a transition period.

  Shen Wanhongyuan believes that the new regulations of the cosmetics industry have made stricter requirements on the registration, production links, quality and safety management and efficacy evaluation of cosmetics, which will benefit the long-term development of leading cosmetics ODM companies and leading cosmetics brand companies in the industry in the long run.

  "On the outer packaging, our new children’s products have been required to be marked according to the new regulations." Wu Tunying, chief marketing officer of Kangaroo Mother Group, told the reporter that the new regulations are about to land, and the enterprises are making full preparations for the adjustment.

  "We will also give priority to the safety of raw materials when developing children’s cosmetics, and avoid using talcum powder or colorants." Wu Tunying said that the "Regulations" further clarified and improved the regulatory measures, provided legal protection for strengthening the supervision of children’s cosmetics, and helped to further standardize the development of the industry.

  In view of the fact that there is indeed illegal propaganda in the children’s cosmetics market, Wu Tunying said frankly that in fact, so-called "food-grade" cosmetics do not exist at all. Cosmetics are made up of many ingredients, including preservatives and other chemical ingredients. If food ingredients are directly added, the preservative system in cosmetics will be destroyed, leading to deterioration and mildew of products. After the new regulations are implemented, such non-compliant publicity is expected to be further reduced.

  Where will more than 500 related enterprises in Guangdong go?

  As a major cosmetics province, Guangdong has gathered a number of children’s cosmetics enterprises. According to the data provided by Guangdong Food and Drug Administration to reporters, at present, there are 109 children’s cosmetics registrants, 771 filers and 554 children’s cosmetics manufacturers in Guangdong. 417 children’s cosmetics have been registered, and 21,363 children’s cosmetics have been confirmed for filing. The main products are skin care products and hair care products.

  Why do children’s cosmetics enterprises in Guangdong focus more on skin care? Wu Tunying explained that the new generation of parents are very willing to spend money on their children, and the development prospect of the domestic children’s cosmetics market is very broad in the next 3-5 years. However, the field of children’s make-up is still in the period of industry standardization and adjustment, and the basic research and industry rules are still not perfect. Therefore, mother kangaroo has no plans to enter the make-up industry at present. "We also hope that a list of banned raw materials for children’s cosmetics can be issued at the national level to give clearer guidance."

  The reporter found that Johnson & Johnson, Frog Prince, Pigeon and Red Elephant have gradually become the head enterprises in the children’s skin care market. However, in the field of makeup, most parents and producers still demand "play", which also leads to the toy enterprises in the makeup market.

  "Children’s cosmetics have been the focus of supervision by Guangdong Drug Administration in recent years, and the supervision work has also achieved certain results, but the existing individual problems cannot be underestimated." The relevant person in charge of the Guangdong Food and Drug Administration told the Yangcheng Evening News reporter that the existing problems mainly lie in the following aspects: First, some children’s cosmetics production enterprises have not implemented the main responsibility in place, lacking the necessary awareness of product quality and safety, and there are problems such as lax inspection of raw materials and failure to strictly implement product quality and safety process control measures; Second, some operating enterprises have not fulfilled the obligations of claiming tickets and certificates and managing accounts, and there are problems such as selling unregistered children’s cosmetics; Third, some third-party online sales platforms have not effectively managed the online operators and the children’s cosmetics they sell, and there are blind spots and breakpoints in supervision.

  "We will take the resident skin care children’s cosmetics as the key variety of supervision, and the mainstream business districts and centralized trading markets in the city as the key areas of supervision, strictly control product access and quality, and carry out full-coverage sampling inspection of the resident children’s cosmetics produced this year, and carry out supervision and sampling inspection of other children’s cosmetics according to work needs, and severely investigate and deal with serious violations involving children’s cosmetics." The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Food and Drug Administration said.

  In addition, in view of the problem that some children’s cosmetics on the current e-commerce platform are packaged into toy boxes for sale, and the shops on the shelves are also toy franchise stores, the Provincial Food and Drug Administration stressed that "toys" are not cosmetics. In the future, the Guangdong Provincial Drug Administration will do a good job in publicizing laws and regulations in accordance with the new regulations, further strengthen supervision, and continue to increase supervision and inspection of children’s cosmetics production and operation enterprises.

5C overcharge/assisted driving//CDC vibration reduction/front and rear row massage, Tucki P7+ value of 208,800?

[Four-wheel drive details] In the last issue of the four-wheel drive series, we introduced various types of four-wheel drives and their classification (click to view the basic knowledge of four-wheel drive). In the following articles, we will analyze and test the four-wheel drive models of various brands one by one, and the first article we introduce brands to you, including,,, and so on.

Home of the car

Jeep brand introduction

The first Jeep in the world was produced in 1941 to meet the requirements of the US military in World War II. It has a history of 73 years. From July 23, 1941 to now, Jeep brand has always insisted on only making SUV models, and left a tough guy image in people’s minds. Today, the Jeep brand has even become synonymous with off-road. It is precisely because of this that Jeep cars have been sold to nearly 100 countries and have many Jeep enthusiasts around the world.

Jeep origin

Jeep was born out of the Willys)MB model used by the Allied Forces during World War II. In 1940, the U.S. military established the model scheme of Willys MA, and at the same time, borrowed some characteristics of Ford and Bantam, and redesigned the Willys MB off-road vehicle, which made this earliest standardized "Jeep" car.

Home of the car

Once Jeep is used, it has made great achievements. Jeep has played many roles in various war zones: stretcher, machine gun rack, reconnaissance vehicle, light truck, front-line vehicle, gun and ammunition transportation, etc. During the Second World War, about 600,000 Jeeps joined the battle. The name of "Battlefield Taxi" confirmed the success of Jeep products.

Since then, Jeep has entered the era of peace with its innate excellent characteristics, and it has become more and more perfect after repeated improvements. Of course, it has kept its original passion and wildness to this day and become one of the automobile brands. The Jeep trademark registered in 1950 has remained vigorous for more than 60 years.

Domestic Jeep models for sale and

At present, Jeep brands on sale in China mainly include many models, such as Guide, Freerider, Freelight, Grand Cherokee, herdsman, etc. Different product positioning of each model makes their four-wheel drive system forms different. See the table below for specific classification:

Jeep models on sale and four-wheel drive structure car make and model Four-wheel drive system name Four-wheel drive structure type Guide Freedom-Drive Free guest Freedom-Drive Timely four-wheel drive Free light Active Drive Timely four-wheel drive Grand Cherokee Quadra-Trac Ⅱ Herdsman Sahara Herdsman Rubicon part time 4wd

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition Jeep Grand Cherokee (imported) 2014 3.0L Comfort Navigation Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Test props/test rules

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Let’s get to know the pulley block and test rules we used in this test. This pulley block consists of three groups of flat pulleys, and each group of pulleys can determine its locked/opened state through the side locking pin. When a pulley block is locked, the wheels will not slip when passing through the pulley block; On the contrary, when a pulley block is open, the wheels will slip when passing through the pulley block, thus losing power.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

We will test each model in three groups. In the first group, two front wheels or two rear wheels of the vehicle are in the pulley block, which can test the inter-axle distribution of different four-wheel drive forms with front drive or rear drive as the mainstay. The second set of tests is to make the diagonal wheel in the pulley block, and the third set is to make all three wheels in the pulley block, and only one front wheel or rear wheel is in contact with the ground. This will test the torque distribution between the front and rear axles of the vehicle and the torque distribution between the left and right respectively.

Fortunately, after the actual test, the above cars can easily complete the first and second sets of tests, so next we will directly show you their performance in the face of three sets of open pulleys.

Introduction to the structure of four-wheel drive for guide and freelancer

Guide and freelancer are two types of Jeep. Strictly speaking, the two cars are only different in appearance and interior design, while the power system and four-wheel drive structure are exactly the same.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.0L Sport Enhanced Edition

"guide" and "free guest"

Guides and freelancers are equipped with a four-wheel drive system called "Freedom-Drive". The four-wheel drive system is simple in structure, with an open differential at the front and rear, and a common electrically controlled multi-plate structure. In extreme cases, the power distribution between the front and rear axles can be locked at 50:50. In addition, the electronic auxiliary system can help the vehicle realize the power distribution between the left and right wheels by braking.

Home of the car

Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Operation Keys

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

For urban SUVs, such as guides and freelancers, which adopt timely four-wheel drive system, there is no need for manual operation during daily driving, and the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear wheel power according to the driving road conditions. In case of complicated road conditions, the driver can manually turn on the "LOCK" switch, and the torque of the front and rear axles will be distributed at a fixed ratio of 50:50.

Guide and Freelancer Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

Both the Guide and the Freelancer are four-wheel drive systems based on front-wheel drive. Theoretically, the rear wheels can only get 50% of the maximum power. Therefore, facing three groups of open pulleys, the difficulty of passing forward and backward is also different. When only one front wheel touches the ground, it is easier for the vehicle to get out of trouble. When only one rear wheel touches the ground, the vehicle can also pass, but the process is not easy. Because this four-wheel drive structure determines that the power transmitted to the rear axle is only 50% at most, although the electronic auxiliary system can play the role of limiting slip between wheels, the weak power output still makes the vehicle struggle. If "4WD LOCK" is turned on manually, the system will allocate power at 50: 50 by default, and the situation will be slightly improved.

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Guide 2014 modified 2.4L four-wheel drive luxury navigation version

Jeep Freelancer 2014 2.4L Deluxe Navigation Edition

From the four-wheel drive structure and test analysis, although the guide successfully passed the four-wheel drive test, its structure determines that it is not suitable for cross-country. The main function of this four-wheel drive system is to cope with the general potholes and improve the safety of highway driving.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the front and rear axle power according to the road conditions, without manual control, and the fuel economy is high. At the critical moment, the driver can also manually select the front and rear axle power distribution according to 50:50 to improve the performance of four-wheel drive.

Disadvantages:The power is average, the electronic slip limit between wheels is not crisp enough, and the multi-plate clutch central differential is easy to overheat, so it is not easy to challenge three open pulley blocks.

Jeep guide/freelancer four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of free light four-wheel drive structure

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Urban Edition

As a brand-new car of the Jeep family, the positioning of Free Light is aimed at luxury brands, and Jeep insists that SUVs at this price should have strong off-road capabilities even if they focus on urban comfort. Free light is an adopted SUV, which adopts a timely four-wheel drive system called "Active Drive". This four-wheel drive system is based on ZF’s "ECOnnect" four-wheel drive system (click to view ECOnnect), which transmits power to the rear axle through PTO (front axle power take-off) and multi-disc clutch. Different from most SUVs, the free-light PTO can completely disconnect the rear axle when necessary, and there is no need to rotate at this time (the central transmission shaft of most SUVs with transverse orientation is always rotating), thus improving fuel economy. In addition, its rear axle has a multi-disc clutch structure, and the multi-disc clutch of the low-profile vehicle acts as a central differential, which can control the torque distribution of the front and rear axles.

Home of the carHome of the carHome of the car

Free light has three different four-wheel drive models, namely Active Drive I, Active Drive II and Active Drive Lock. Among them, the low-profile model adopts Active Drive I timely four-wheel drive system, which is the four-wheel drive structure mentioned in the previous paragraph. Active Drive II can distribute power among rear axle wheels, because its rear axle RDU structure adopts two sets of multi-disc clutches, that is, the left and right axle shafts have one set of multi-disc clutches, and each set of clutches is used to independently control the torque required by the wheels on that side. In addition, the Active Drive II four-wheel drive system also adds a low-speed torque amplification gear with a transmission ratio of 2.92:1. The most powerful Active Drive Lock not only has a low-torque amplification gear, but also has the locking function of the rear axle differential. The driver can manually control the left and right wheels of the rear axle to distribute the torque by 50:50 through the buttons in the car.

Free optical four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

"High-end models have low-speed four-wheel drive function, while low-end models don’t"

In addition, like many high-end SUVs, all models of Free Light also have a road mode self-selection system called "Selec-in". In different modes, the computer will adjust the power response and power distribution to ensure that the vehicle has the best ability to get out of trouble.

Free light four-wheel drive test performance

Like the guide, the free light adopts a four-wheel drive system based on front wheel drive, so when one front wheel has adhesion, the vehicle is easy to get out of trouble. Then, when passing through three groups of open pulleys in the opposite direction (that is, only one rear wheel has adhesion), does free light struggle to get out of trouble, just like guides and free travelers? Actually, it is not, because the free light not only has electronic limited slip between the left and right wheels, but also the rear axle can distribute the torque through the multi-plate clutch limited slip differential, thus ensuring that the power can be transmitted to the wheels with adhesion more effectively.

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

Jeep Free Light 2014 2.4L Elite Edition

The free light we tested adopts Active Drive II timely four-wheel drive structure, that is, PTO has low-speed torque amplification function. However, during this test, we didn’t turn on the "4WD LOW" low-speed four-wheel drive mode. In the AUTO mode, Free Light can pass the test of three groups of open pulley blocks, and both directions are relatively easy.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

No matter from the four-wheel drive structure or the actual test results, the Active Drive timely four-wheel drive system on free light is much more powerful than that on the guide, and it can face more complicated road conditions more easily.

Advantages:Daily driving is easy, the computer will automatically distribute the power between the front and rear axle and the left and right axle shafts of the rear axle according to the road conditions, and PTO can also be automatically disconnected when necessary, thus realizing the real front-wheel drive (the central transmission shaft does not turn). The low-speed four-wheel drive and the locking function of the rear axle differential of the mid-high model further improve its four-wheel drive performance.

Disadvantages:Multi-disc clutch limited slip differential is easy to overheat protection after continuous use for many times.

Jeep free light four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Structure

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.0L Flagship Zunyue Edition

At present, there are two full-time four-wheel drive structures in Grand Cherokee, one is a full-time four-wheel drive system with low-speed four-wheel drive and multi-plate clutch structure; On the other hand, the limited slip differential of the rear axle is added on this basis. The former is applied to 3.0L, 3.6L and 3.0TD diesel models, while the latter is applied to 5.7L models.

Home of the carHome of the car

At present, Grand Cherokee provides two different four-wheel drive systems, among which "Quadra-Drive II" on the 5.7L model has a set of ELSD electronic limited-slip differential on the rear axle, so the driver can lock it manually, which is theoretically better in extreme cases.

Grand Cherokee four-wheel drive operating system

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

The four-wheel drive operating system on Grand Cherokee is called Selec-Terrain, which has seven driving mode options: economy, sport, auto, snow, sand, mud and rock. In addition, the Grand Cherokee is equipped with 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive function. Compared with Freelight, the operating system of Grand Cherokee not only has more optional modes, but also looks more scientific and technological in its overall interface.

Grand Cherokee Four-wheel Drive Test Performance

However, for the Grand Cherokee, the whole test process is not easy. The reason is that when passing through three open pulley blocks, the power output will be limited by default. When we tried to close the electronic stability control program, the limited slip function between the left and right wheels was completely lost. At this time, the vehicle could not get out of trouble. Therefore, in order for the four-wheel drive system to work, the electronic stability control system must be turned on by default.

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Jeep Grand Cherokee (Import) 2014 3.6L Flagship Zunyue Edition

Despite the full-time four-wheel drive system, most SUVs with layout are more inclined to rear-wheel drive, and the Grand Cherokee is no exception. When passing through the pulley block in the opposite direction, its two rear wheels are suspended, and only by the grip of one front wheel can the vehicle get out of trouble. At this time, if the Grand Cherokee wants to get out of trouble successfully, it can only rely on the electronic slip limit between wheels to limit the power output of one wheel, so that the other wheel can have grip. However, due to the restriction of the electronic stability system on the overall power, it is a little difficult for the Grand Cherokee to get out of trouble this time.

However, it should be declared that during the whole test, we did not turn on the 4WD LOW button. In other words, Grand Cherokee completed this test completely in AUTO mode. If the 4WD LOW low-speed four-wheel drive mode is turned on, I believe the whole process will be much easier.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:This system is simple in structure, and the operation mode is intuitive and convenient. Drivers don’t need to remember complicated driving mode switching steps. In most cases, Quadra-Tra II four-wheel drive system can handle it by itself. If necessary, the low-speed four-wheel drive mode can be started to increase the ability to get out of trouble.
Disadvantages:The electronic stability control system has too many restrictions on power, so it is difficult for a single wheel to get enough power to get the vehicle out of trouble.

Test results of Jeep grand Cherokee four-wheel drive

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Introduction of herdsman four-wheel drive structure

Jeep herdsman 2014 2.8TD four-door version Sahara

Herdsman is the most powerful off-road vehicle in Jeep family today, among which Sahara is equipped with Command-Trac part-time 4wd system, which adopts NV241 series transfer case with low gear ratio of 2.72:1, and both front and rear axles are open differential. The part-time 4wd system equipped with Rubicon is called Rock-Trac, and its low-speed gear ratio of the transfer case is 4:1, and the front and rear axles are also equipped with electrically controlled locking Tru-loc. In addition, both cars are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between E wheels.

Home of the carHome of the car

Herdsman four-wheel drive operating system

Sahara and Rubicon operate the part-time 4wd system in almost the same way, and there is a transfer case lever next to the shift lever. Select the gear position of 2H on the normal paved road, and the vehicle is in the state of rear wheel drive. Select the 4H high-speed four-wheel drive gear on the wet or soft road. At this time, the torque distribution of the front and rear axles is 50:50, and the speed of the front and rear axles is the same. Therefore, it will be very difficult for vehicles to turn on the paved road when the four-wheel drive is turned on. The 4L low-speed four-wheel drive gear is used in the state where high torque traction is needed. The special gear set in the transfer case amplifies the torque and transmits it to the front and rear axles in equal proportion, while the front and rear axles still maintain the same speed.

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

It should be noted that when switching from 2H to 4H, the vehicle speed should be lower than 88km/h.. If you switch to 4L, the speed needs to be lower than 5km/h, and it is better to stop and then put into 4L gear. In addition, the 4L state can only be used in the face of extremely challenging road conditions, when the speed cannot exceed 40 km/h..

Compared with Sahara, Rubicon’s strength lies in the addition of a mechanical differential lock on the front and rear axles. In the face of very harsh environment, it can also ensure that all four tires can get sufficient power.

Herdsman four-wheel drive test performance

Both Sahara and Rubicon are equipped with electronic slip-limiting function between wheels. Theoretically, as long as the transfer case is selected in the 4H gear, its front and rear axles can get 50% power respectively, and different power outputs of the left and right wheels can be achieved through electronic slip-limiting function between wheels.

In this test, we found two herdsman, one of which is a 3.6L Longteng collector’s edition, which is a five-door model with the same four-wheel drive structure as Sahara. The other one is a 3.6L two-door version of Rubicon, which has two differential locks at the front and rear, and its off-road performance is more powerful.

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2014 3.6L Longteng Collection Edition

Jeep herdsman 2013 3.6L Two-door Rubicon

In the face of three groups of open pulley blocks, we only chose the 4H mode, and the front and rear differential locks of Rubicon were not activated. The vehicle can successfully get out of trouble only by relying on the electronic slip-limiting function between EDS wheels. The 3.6L engine can provide excellent power output, and the electronic system is involved in the whole process in time. Only after a few brief slips of the suspended wheel, the other wheel can get sufficient grip, thus helping the vehicle to get out of trouble.

After selecting the 4H mode, the torque of the front and rear axles is completely distributed according to the ratio of 50:50, so when passing through the pulley block in both directions, the performance of the vehicle is basically the same, and there is no bias towards the front drive or the rear drive. Of course, in the conventional 2H mode, herdsman is a rear-wheel drive SUV.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

More exciting videos are all on the car home video platform.

Advantages:Part-time 4wd system can ensure strong off-road capability, which is the most reliable four-wheel drive structure at present.
Disadvantages:Operation and driving are more complicated than timely four-wheel drive.

Jeep herdsman four-wheel drive test results

Inter-axle power distribution test

(two pulley blocks)

Front axle test

(Two rear wheels idling)

pass

Rear axle test

(Two front wheels idling)

pass

Cross-axis dynamic test

Diagonal wheel slip

pass

Inter-wheel power distribution test

Triple pulley block

One rear wheel touches the ground.

pass

Triple pulley block

One front wheel touches the ground.

pass

Full text summary:

Generally speaking, various four-wheel drive structures under the Jeep brand should be regarded as having their own characteristics. In terms of off-road performance alone, herdsman Rubicon’s four-wheel drive system is undoubtedly the most powerful Jeep car. This pure hard-core off-road vehicle can be easily conquered in the face of many off-road projects and difficult road conditions, but there is no absolute perfection in the world. No matter Rubicon or Sahara, their driving experience on the road is not excellent, but this will not affect the love of those who pursue pure off-road at all.

In terms of comprehensive performance, Grand Cherokee and Freelight are both good, and although they are slightly inferior to herdsman in off-road performance, there is no problem in coping with common off-road conditions. More importantly, they have a good performance in road driving comfort, which is very suitable for friends who like off-road style and want to meet the daily road driving comfort.

Compared with the same SUV, the guides and freelancers are also excellent in off-road performance. However, after all, these two cars are SUVs oriented to ordinary consumers and located in cities. Road driving comfort and cost performance are the most important. (Text/Figure car home Zhang Ziyi)

Pass the buck. 4S shop scolded car companies as workshops. Complaint report in August.

● A typical case of after-sales complaints: selling unqualified products with justifiable reasons, just repairing and replacing them.

  Mr. Cheng bought a 2022 Cruze light-mixed Redline 320T dual-clutch version in Shanghai Yongda Tongsheng Chevrolet 4S store. When he went to license the new car, the master at the inspection site saw that the vehicle had obvious appearance problems, such as obvious color difference and dirty spots on the front bumper, and bumps on the joints between the front bumper and the fender. Later, Mr. Cheng sent the car to the 4S shop for testing. Many masters in the store said that the car was defective, but refused to provide any written test report, only agreeing to repair the problem part. Mr. Cheng’s request for returning the car was rejected.

SAIC-GM Chevrolet Lu Ze 2022 light mixed Redline 320T dual clutch refreshing version.

"2022 Cruze Light Mixed Redline 320T Dual Clutch Quick Edition"

Home of the car

Home of the car

"Mr. Cheng’s car purchase invoice and vehicle defects"

  Mr. Cheng’s experience is somewhat similar to that of Mr. Yang, who bought unqualified products, but the manufacturer refused to provide any proof for fear that Mr. Cheng would demand rights protection. In the face of this kind of business without any attitude of admitting mistakes, Mr. Cheng does not need to leave any face for the business, but directly contacts the market supervision and management department to safeguard his rights and interests according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Product Quality Law and other relevant laws.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  In terms of after-sales complaints on our complaint platform in August, maintenance disputes accounted for the highest proportion, reaching 39.2%, and BYD was the brand with the largest number of complaints; Secondly, the promise is not fulfilled, accounting for 35.5%, and the brand with the most complaints is Volkswagen; The service level ranked third with 31.7%, and the brand with the most complaints was Volkswagen. Compared with the data in July, complaints about service level have declined, and the proportion of complaints about maintenance disputes and promises of non-performance has greatly increased.

* Note: The cases selected in this paper are typical cases, which have no direct relationship with the number of complaints. For the sake of privacy protection, the owners in the real cases in this paper are all pseudonyms.

● August Complaint List: Which car companies and models are on the list?

  In the complaint report in August, sales problems accounted for 45%, which was close to nearly half of the problem complaints; Quality problems accounted for 34%, accounting for 1/3 of the types of complaints; After-sales complaints accounted for the least, only 21%. Compared with the data in July, the proportion of sales complaints before sales decreased, while the corresponding proportion of product quality complaints and after-sales complaints increased.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  In terms of specific countries, China brand complaints account for 42%, German brands account for 29%, Japanese brands account for 18%, and American brands account for 7%. Compared with the data in July, the proportion of brand complaints from China, German and American declined, while the number of complaints from Japanese brands increased.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  Judging from the complaint-to-insurance ratio, we participate in the complaint list with the number of complaints greater than or equal to 10 in the current month, and adopting the ranking of complaint-to-insurance ratio will avoid the problem that the number of complaints of high-selling models is also correspondingly large. In August, the top ten car companies that complained about the insurance ratio were BYD, Chery, Audi, Changan, Nissan, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, BMW, Geely and Honda. Most of these car companies have sales problems, such as failure to deliver the car according to the agreed time, non-refundable deposit and false quotation. There are still quite a few problems related to product quality, such as brake system failure, abnormal noise of vehicles, engine failure, etc. These problems are all common. When consumers buy a car recently, they should still guard against sales scams.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  Judging from the ranking of the number of complaints about a single vehicle, Volkswagen LaVida and Audi A4L have the largest number of complaints. The main problems of LaVida are abnormal noise, reversing image failure and vehicle configuration mismatch, while the problems of Audi A4L are abnormal noise and temporary fare increase. The second place is Nissan Teana, and the main problems are that the subsidies are not paid and the deposit is not refunded. The third place is Nissan Sylphy and BYD Dolphin. The problem of Sylphy is abnormal noise, jitter and false car source. The problem of dolphins is that they can’t pick up the car according to the agreed time.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  From the ranking of online response rate brands, the number of unanswered complaints ranked as GAC Chuanqi, Dongfeng Fengxing, Chevrolet, Skycar, Tesla, Kia, Hechuang, Land Rover, Baojun and LI, among which GAC Chuanqi, Dongfeng Fengxing and Chevrolet failed to reply to more than one complaint.

● Reminders and suggestions of complaint report in August:

  The problem of tight supply and demand of new cars caused by limited production capacity and shortage of spare parts is still continuing, and many models have been delayed indefinitely. The phenomenon of not worrying about selling has "spoiled" some salespeople in 4S stores, and their lies are getting more and more outrageous and irritating. This time is often the time to test the reliability of a brand. Before buying a car, consumers should know the corresponding order queuing situation and related complaints in advance to avoid re-entering the pit.

  At the same time, the product quality problem is still the most complained and reflected part. Before buying a car, consumers should pay more attention to the word-of-mouth of consumers, especially for universal problems, and should not be careless. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the results of dealing with related problems. If there is a unified solution and reasonable compensation, then this car company is trustworthy.

Home of the car

"Click on the picture to see a bigger picture"

  In terms of consumer complaints, compensation accounted for 50.4%, maintenance accounted for 23.5%, and car return accounted for 20.6%. Compared with the data in July, we can see that the demand for returning cars has increased obviously, while the first two have decreased. Facts have proved that the problems about product quality are still serious and have a worsening trend. Consumers should keep their eyes open, know more about and pay attention to relevant information before buying a car, and avoid blind consumption and impulsive consumption. (Text/car home Qin Chao)

Local governments organized a group to "grab orders at sea" and continued to announce the results of grabbing orders in the near future.

  Wechat WeChat official account @ Binzhou Business Map

  From March 5th to 8th, Qu Yuekuan, member of the Standing Committee of Shandong Binzhou Municipal Committee and vice mayor, led a delegation to visit Japan to comprehensively deepen exchanges and cooperation in the fields of economy, trade and investment. Binzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce pointed out that this is the first time that the city has been led by city leaders to carry out economic and trade promotion activities abroad after the adjustment and optimization of national epidemic prevention and control policies, which has released a strong signal that Binzhou will build a new highland for opening up.

  According to public information, since the end of 2022, local governments have organized a group to "grab orders from the sea" until March this year.

  Binzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce introduced that this trip to Japan is a vivid practice of joint efforts of government and enterprises to solve the most direct and urgent needs of opening up the international market. In the next step, the city will also visit South Korea and Singapore, hold relevant promotion talks, expand the introduction of foreign capital, connect with cross-border e-commerce and overseas exhibition and trade platforms, continue to put the key trick of stabilizing foreign trade and foreign investment into practice, and go all out to create a new highland for opening up.

  Wechat WeChat official account @ Henan Business Map

  In addition, on the afternoon of March 4th, the departure hall of Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport was led by Henan Provincial Department of Commerce, and 39 foreign trade enterprises from the whole province sent a delegation to Germany, Belgium, Switzerland and other European countries to participate in exhibitions, hold activities, expand the market and grab orders.

  The relevant person in charge of the Henan Provincial Department of Commerce said, "This year, we will continue to increase our support for enterprises, and preferably publish the recommended catalogue of international exhibitions to guide enterprises to make good use of the key market ‘ One country, one policy ’ , carry out ‘ Thousands of enterprises exhibit ’ Expand market actions and fully support enterprises to go out and expand the market, protect their shares and seize orders at home and abroad. "

  Recently, many places have announced the results of "going out to sea to grab orders".

  Wechat WeChat official account @ Chancheng Industry Map

  On March 5th, the economic and trade exchange delegation to Japan and South Korea organized by Foshan Municipal Bureau of Commerce, including government departments, business representatives and business associations, returned to Foshan smoothly.

  According to the Foshan Municipal Bureau of Commerce, during the period, the Foshan Economic and Trade Delegation received orders of over 1.2 billion yuan through participating in exhibitions, visiting large pan-home purchasing institutions in Japan and South Korea, docking large cross-border e-commerce platforms in Japan and South Korea, and holding economic and trade docking and exchange activities in Japan and South Korea. In addition, the Foshan Economic and Trade Mission also successfully docked three intentional investment projects, including Fortune 500 companies, further enhancing the interaction and exchanges between Foshan and Japanese and Korean companies and expanding the path of economic and trade cooperation.

  Foshan Municipal Bureau of Commerce pointed out that "where there is a home, there is a home made in Foshan". As a big manufacturing city, Foshan’s pan-home industry has obvious advantages and there is great room for cooperation with enterprises in Japan, South Korea and other places. In order to help enterprises regain lost time and compete for overseas markets, Foshan Municipal Bureau of Commerce actively organized enterprises to go to sea to grab orders and expand the market. This is also the concrete action that the Municipal Bureau of Commerce once again went to the forefront to expand the market after going to Shanghai, Quanzhou, Xiamen and Shenzhen and going to Hong Kong to "grab orders" since the Spring Festival this year. Wu Huiying, director of Foshan Municipal Bureau of Commerce, said that in March and April this year, the Municipal Bureau of Commerce will also organize enterprises to go to Southeast Asia and Europe to grab orders and expand markets. I hope that Foshan enterprises will actively seize the opportunity, actively integrate into the global market, resonate with the government on the same frequency, and spell out good performance and a good future.

  Wechat WeChat official account @ Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Commerce

  On March 7th, the news from Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Commerce said that according to incomplete statistics, by the end of February this year, over 104 Xiamen enterprises had "gone out" to participate in over 16 exhibitions, covering luggage, shoes and clothing, building materials and hardware, maternal and child products, stationery, new energy and other fields. The exhibitors had traveled all over Hong Kong, China, the United States, Britain, Spain and Italy, and the intended orders amounted to 560 million yuan.

  According to the Xiamen Municipal Bureau of Commerce, in early 2023, Xiamen launched the "Hundred Exhibitions and Thousands of Enterprises Expanding the Market" campaign, vigorously promoting and supporting enterprises to "go global" and grab orders to expand the market. Real money and silver encouraged enterprises to "go global", and the booth fees and personnel expenses subsidies for enterprises participating in overseas exhibitions increased by 20% on the original standard. The Municipal Bureau of Commerce also said that this year, it will continue to accompany Xiamen enterprises to speed up their running, help Xiamen enterprises to "go out" and actually "get back" their orders.

  At the same time of "going out to sea", foreign traders also learned about the changes in overseas markets.

  For example, "Urban Express" reported on March 9 that some enterprises that have gone abroad have grabbed a lot of orders, while others said, "Only after going out did they find that they could not keep up with the rhythm".

  The relevant person in charge of An Peng said: "The foreign trade industry has been reshuffled. Many small and medium-sized enterprises can’t keep up with the pace of products, and they are gradually replaced and eliminated. They must expand market channels and find greater new business opportunities."

  The report mentioned that Liu Lei, the founder of Flint Lighting, has been running around the world since January 4th. Some customers who were originally worried about production, delivery and logistics immediately signed the orders that were still under consideration after meeting. However, Liu Lei said frankly: "The orders did get some, but not many, and the small ones were hundreds of thousands of dollars." Liu Lei thinks that one of the reasons why the increase in order volume is not obvious is that there are more competitors, and more importantly, the overseas inflation leads to a smaller market demand.

  "I am still very confident that the order volume can slowly return to the level of 2019." Liu Lei said that confidence is more important than gold.

  The report also mentioned that Yuhuan Kangyu Copper Co., Ltd. is a foreign trade enterprise that produces all kinds of sanitary bathroom health drainage system products. At the Las Vegas Garden Hardware Exhibition held in early February, Kangyu Copper brought the latest research and development of more than ten kinds of high-end floor drain products, and received more than 3 million yuan in intentional orders.

  "At the moment, the orders are all full, enough to produce until April." However, Zhao Kangyu, general manager of Yuhuan Kangyu Copper Co., Ltd. believes that although grabbing orders has indeed brought some results, it has also made them see the current crisis. Going out this time, we found that many old customers put forward many complicated requirements for enterprise production, and they are also trying to solve them. For example, this year, more than 300,000 yuan was invested to purchase a welding robot to improve the machining accuracy and production efficiency.

He has several jobs, but he has never been "overwhelmed"

Cctv news(Reporter Wang Ruxi correspondent Jimson): During the Spring Festival holiday in 2020, only three people from Shaoxing 329 Project Department of China Railway No.1 Bureau and No.5 Company stayed on duty. However, the Spring Festival holiday has just begun and the COVID-19 epidemic broke out. On January 23, Zhejiang Province officially launched a Class I response to major public health emergencies, and on the same day Shaoxing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government issued a comprehensive prevention and control notice … …

How to implement the epidemic prevention and control measures and how to resettle the left-behind personnel have become the top priority in Li Ming’s mind. As the person in charge of the project during the Spring Festival, Li Ming has been sticking to his post.

Touching the situation and purchasing materials, he didn’t want to retreat at present.

According to the overall arrangement of construction, the EPC general contracting project of Shaoxing National Highway 329 during the Spring Festival holiday in 2020 is scheduled to stop on January 22nd. Although there are only three left-behind management personnel in the project department, there are a few left-behind personnel and their families in each branch. Managers and laborers come from all over the country, and some families of left-behind people arrived in Shaoxing from other places before the Spring Festival. The epidemic prevention and control work is imminent, and how to investigate and resettle these people is the focus of Li Ming’s work.

As the left-behind person in charge of the Spring Festival in the project department, Li Ming communicates with the left-behind person in charge of other branches through mobile video conference every day. He asks all left-behind employees and their families to avoid going out, and each branch should also arrange special personnel to take temperature measurements for the left-behind people twice a day. Through careful arrangement and deployment, Li Ming found out the information of all the people left behind in the Spring Festival of the 329 National Road project on the same day, and reported it to the competent authorities in time, laying a good foundation for the detailed investigation of relevant local departments.

It is far from enough to find out the situation. Li Ming also needs to formulate an emergency plan and a work plan for epidemic prevention and control, and make preparations from personnel prevention and control, disinfection of various parts, and emergency duty.

At work, Li Ming found that the most urgent need for epidemic prevention materials for left-behind personnel was masks, but at that time, "one mask was hard to find". Where did masks and other epidemic prevention materials come from? Li Ming didn’t think so much. First, he went to most pharmacies in Keqiao District, but he couldn’t buy masks. Later, through active communication and coordination, we finally got the support of Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and got 200 medical masks for free as emergency supplies for epidemic prevention for left-behind people. Finally, Li Ming actively communicated with the company’s regional headquarters, bought 200 N95 masks through overseas channels, and ordered 200 kilograms of 84 disinfectant and 7 sets of disinfection watering cans through colleagues.

Because of his persistence, they have more peace of mind.

There are too few people left behind on duty, and Li Ming has several jobs: he is both the person in charge of the project department during the Spring Festival and the chief dispatcher of epidemic prevention and control; It is not only the person in charge of epidemic prevention and control investigation information, but also the first-line information investigator. However, he always handles his work in an orderly way. In the eyes of other colleagues, Li Ming, who has several jobs, never seems to be "overwhelmed".

During the epidemic period, there are many instructions and requirements for epidemic prevention and control at all levels, and important tips need to be put in place in time. Sometimes, when receiving urgent messages and instructions at eleven or twelve o’clock in the evening, Li Ming will also deliver the documents to the group at the first time to ensure that every employee can get the latest epidemic prevention information at the first time.

Sometimes when he wakes up in the middle of the night, Li Ming will habitually check the mobile phone messages. In his words, it is: "It has become an instinct and a part of life to check whether there is any new information in the mobile phone WeChat group every day."

As the chief dispatcher of epidemic prevention and control, he needs to submit personnel information to all kinds of competent departments every day. There are a lot of data, and it is not easy to arrange personnel, but colleagues have not heard a complaint from him. He clearly knows the situation of everyone who stays behind, and the information he submits is always timely and accurate. Because Li Ming knows that this information is the basic data, there is no trivial matter during the epidemic prevention and control period. Only by doing the basic work well can the epidemic prevention and control not be flawed.

On one occasion, when he was counting a report of on-the-job employees, he found that there were three people from Hubei among the left-behind personnel. He communicated and verified with the left-behind persons in various branches in time, and finally found out the situation, and simultaneously entered the information of these three people, avoiding the local relevant departments to re-investigate the Hubei personnel.

For Li Ming, the epidemic is an order. The task of epidemic prevention and control is heavy, and there are few people, but because of Li Ming’s persistence, others have more peace of mind.

New Year’s Walk to the Grass-roots Cliff Village: A New Vision of Cultural Tourism Integration

Content introduction:

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan was once one of the "three districts and three states" deep poverty areas in China. Nine years ago, the reporter photographed Atulier Village, a village located on an 800-meter cliff in Zhaojue County, deep in Daliangshan Mountain, also known as "Cliff Village". For more than nine years, the reporter recorded the changes there with a lens. Today (February 12th), "Going to the Grassroots in the Spring Festival", I will visit Cliff Village again with the reporters from the General Station.

On the way to Cliff Village along Panshan Highway, I heard that Cliff Village is building a "Valley of the Sky" cultural tourism project, which makes everyone on our reporting team full of expectations. Many people remember Cliff Village, but in those days, it was necessary to climb cliffs when entering and leaving the village. At first, it was a rattan ladder road made of branches and vines, and later, steel pipes were reinforced into a steel ladder road, and the unique geographical features also became the advantage of developing alpine tourism here.

At the first stop after entering Zhaojue, we decided to go to the ski resort to find a guide for this trip-Rabo, who is already a ski instructor. Rabo, born in 1994, is a native of Cliff Village. Nine years ago, it was Rabo who led us to climb the rattan ladder and entered Cliff Village for the first time. In 2016, after the story of Cliff Village was reported by us, tourism began to be developed here, and Labo signed a contract with a cultural tourism enterprise. Now, in addition to being a ski instructor, he also undertakes the functions of training villagers’ safety services and explaining reception.

In 2020, according to the national ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation policy, 282 households and 1,219 people in Cliff Village moved off the cliff one after another and lived in the buildings in the county. Living at the foot of the mountain, the industry is on the mountain.In order to help more people "stay stable, find jobs and gradually get rich", Cliff Village develops the village collective economy according to the industrial development plan of "combination of long and short, interaction of planting and breeding, and integration of agriculture, culture and tourism". Villagers rely on land transfer, planting olives, navel oranges and raising sheep to increase their income. Today, the annual per capita disposable income of Cliff Village is more than 19,600 yuan, and the collective shares in tourism are nearly 10 million yuan. On the eve of the Spring Festival, local villagers were organized to return to Cliff Village, ready to give priority to recruiting local villagers to work in the "Sky Valley" cultural tourism project.

Now, the first phase of "Sky Valley" has been put into trial operation, steel ladder climbing has become a cultural tourism experience project, and the old school site that has been discontinued has been transformed into a tourist reception center, boutique homestay and hot spring, which makes the villagers very excited.

Pacha Youge is now the Party Secretary of Guri Town, where Cliff Village is located. In 2016, when we first came to Cliff Village, Pacha Youge was the first secretary in the village. In recent years, the road of Cliff Village is changing, the industry is changing, and people are also changing, but everyone’s vision for tourism development has never changed. Taking advantage of the reunion back to the village, Pacha said a few words to the villagers.

Pacha Youge told us that Liangshan Wenlv Group plans to invest 330 million yuan in the "Valley of the Sky" cultural tourism project, which will be followed by cableway sightseeing, hiking and cave exploration. This Spring Festival holiday, the first phase of the project has received more than 3,500 tourists. At present, Cliff Village has been successfully selected as the first batch of rural tourism key villages in China, and the villagers have more expectations for the future.

Internet access has been turned off and traffic is still generated? Consumers question China Mobile’s arbitrary deduction.

Mobile phone card data traffic turns off the mobile phone all the year round but keeps generating traffic … Recently, Mr. Liu, a consumer in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, told reporters

Reflects what happened to him.

There was no internet access at all, and the traffic fee was deducted, and the "peace of mind package" service was automatically opened.

Mr. Liu said that he uses a Huawei dual-card dual-standby mobile phone, and the main card is China Unicom. The package includes 2,000 minutes of calls per month and unlimited Internet traffic. Another China mobile card is bound to its own broadband and other application accounts, so it only has the minimum package for 9 yuan/month (including 40 minutes of calls and 30 short messages, and the Internet is paid separately).

Mr. Liu said that the call duration in the mobile card package was only used occasionally. In order to avoid generating Internet traffic, the data traffic and intelligent conversion function of the card were also turned off.

However, on April 6th, Mr. Liu received a short message from China Mobile, prompting that 9.35MB of traffic was generated.

But what puzzles Mr. Liu is that the SMS also prompts: "The" peace of mind package "service has been automatically provided for you outside the package".

▲ You have been automatically provided with the "peace of mind package" service outside the package, and the traffic outside the package will be charged at 0.29 yuan/MB first. When the fee reaches 10 yuan, you can use the traffic to 100MB for free. If it is exceeded again, it will be charged according to the same rules. When you order it for 3 times in 30 yuan, you can use 1GB for free. According to the same rules and so on, until the 200GB cap.

I never use China mobile phone card to surf the Internet, and the data traffic has been turned off. The monitoring data of the mobile phone’s own traffic monitoring system is zero. How did the traffic of 9.35MB come about? Without the user’s consent, why did China Mobile automatically open the "peace of mind package" service?

▲ On April 6th, Mr. Liu’s mobile phone’s own traffic monitoring showed that the data of China Mobile was 0.

To this end, Mr. Liu called China Mobile’s 10086 customer service twice, and the answer was: the recording platform has a traffic consumption record, resulting in a traffic fee of 7.97 yuan.

Mobile customer service staff: "This is how the system is displayed, and users will not record it if they don’t use it. As for the traffic monitoring system of mobile phones, it belongs to third-party software, and its monitoring results cannot explain the problem. "

"If the user’s perception is not good, the fee can be refunded." 

There are various charging standards, but there is no clear explanation to consumers.

Mr. Liu said it was unacceptable, and thought that the calculation results of Huawei mobile phone traffic monitoring system and China mobile traffic system were too different. In addition, the 9.35MB traffic is calculated at 0.29 yuan /MB, which should be 2.71 yuan. How is 7.97 yuan calculated?

With these doubts, Mr. Liu looked at the previous mobile SMS and consumption details and found that since December 2018 (when 1.44MB of traffic was generated and the charge was 0.42 yuan), he has received SMS notifications that generated traffic one after another, and the consumption bills also have deduction records, and the charging standards are different.

Mr. Liu told reporters that he hardly reads short messages. Recently, he discovered that China Mobile has been deducting traffic charges because he wanted to check the school’s short message notice.

The reporter saw from the short message information, bill of charges and detailed list of surfing the Internet provided by Mr. Liu: From July to October in 2019 and from May to December in 2020, there were short message notices from China Mobile at the beginning of each month, showing that the traffic ranged from 0.01 to 0.03MB, and they were charged 0.01 yuan and 0.02 yuan respectively in that month, with a maximum of 1.05 yuan a month.

In 2021, several times, although SMS notifications generated 0.01MB of traffic, there was no charge; In November, there was no traffic notice, but a traffic fee of 1.50 yuan was charged. As can be seen from the detailed online list of this month:

From November 18th to November 30th, I used "Anxin Bao" to surf the Internet for 44 times, and the traffic was calculated in KB. In that month, the "Anxin Bao" traffic generated charging records for 7 times, with a total charge of 1.50 yuan. Among them, the traffic is 4107KB at most once, and the charge is 1.16 yuan; Generate 0.05KB traffic at least once and charge 0.01 yuan.

The standards for charging seven times are also varied:

According to 1MB=1024KB and 0.29 yuan /MB, 0.05KB can’t get 0.01 yuan.

The traffic generated by other 30 times of surfing the Internet exceeds 0.05KB, but there is no charge;

1280.28KB charges 0.07 yuan, while 443.96KB charges 0.12 yuan.

▲ There are different charging standards. Information picture

Mr. Liu told the reporter that at 13: 03 on April 6, he received a text message indicating that he had used a total of 9.35MB of traffic, while the online details showed that the traffic was 29023KB (28.34MB) and the charge was 7.97 yuan. The statistics of China Mobile’s external traffic on that day were 27.59MB. These inconsistent statistics make Mr. Liu very puzzled, but the online records of the day showed that he had accessed the Internet five times that day, and no relevant data of 9.35MB was found.

▲ At 13: 02: 59 on April 6, 29023KB (converted to 28.34MB) was generated, and there was no 9.35MB on the bill of China Mobile that day. Information picture

▲ The statistics of China Mobile’s external traffic on that day are 27.59MB. Information picture

The reporter also found through the detailed list of Internet access provided by Mr. Liu that on April 11th, the Internet generated 9.86KB of traffic and charged 0.01 yuan, while on April 6th, the Internet generated 20.20KB of traffic without charge.

Mr. Liu believes that China Mobile should provide relevant evidence and explain its traffic statistics and inconsistent charging standards. But more than ten days passed, and China Mobile did not give a clear explanation. 

China Mobile replied that there was no problem with the billing system. Huawei said that if the network was needed, it would use a calling card with traffic.

The reporter’s online inquiry found that many consumers have reported that they have already closed their mobile data, and they will still receive SMS messages with excessive traffic. Some consumers even ask China Mobile to turn off the traffic from the background, but it still generates traffic, which costs as much as one or two yuan and as little as a few cents a month.

On April 11th, the reporter called China Mobile’s 10086 customer service to inquire about Mr. Liu’s complaint. On April 16th, China Mobile staff conveyed the conclusion of the background inquiry department:

The mobile phone’s own monitoring system is not used as the basis for traffic charging;

There is nothing wrong with the charging system of the mobile company. The background is charged according to the detailed bill. This charging is passive, and the online behavior is actively sent by the mobile phone. Only when the user terminal uses the traffic can the traffic bill be generated.

Only 6 months of data are kept, and the previous data cannot be queried;

Can do refund processing for users.

In response to the question of why the data traffic of the mobile phone is turned off, the staff member added that the user turned off the data switch on the mobile phone, and the GPS function of the mobile phone has been running. Some background running software of the smart phone will take some traffic if it is not completely turned off.

In response to China Mobile’s explanation, Mr. Liu said that he could not understand: If the mobile phone traffic data is turned off, what software can turn on to generate traffic?

Is there something wrong with Huawei’s mobile phone, or does the mobile company automatically open the "peace of mind package" service for users without authorization to generate so-called software traffic?

0.05KB is 50 bytes. What software can generate such a small amount of traffic? Does the software shut down immediately after triggering traffic? "

To this end, Mr. Liu consulted Huawei’s customer service and got the answer:

Even if there is an error between Huawei’s mobile phone and China Mobile’s calculation method, it is impossible to generate more than 20 MB of traffic at a time on April 6 without monitoring it.

As long as mobile phone users take the initiative to surf the Internet, mobile phone housekeeper traffic monitoring will be recorded, even if it is less than 1KB, and the traffic generated by any software can be found.

If the internet access function and intelligent conversion of the secondary card of the mobile phone are turned off, even if there is software that needs the internet, the traffic of another card that can access the internet will be selected. Turning off the mobile phone card online will also generate traffic, which is theoretically unreasonable.

The operator’s 4G network will send special traffic packets to the secondary card from time to time. Although the mobile data is not turned on by the mobile phone, it will still lead to small traffic consumption of the secondary card, and the mobile phone has no monitoring record.

Some operators need to carry traffic to transmit information to users, such as sending multimedia messages to a user, and the resulting traffic cannot be counted on the users who receive multimedia messages, so there should be no charge.

Expert opinion: China Mobile has no right to charge for not providing services.

Lawyer Li Bin of Beijing Zhongshengsheng Law Firm believes that from the package setting of Mr. Liu’s two cards, and the way of turning off the data traffic of China Mobile’s mobile phone card on the mobile phone side, it is clear that Mr. Liu does not use the data traffic of China Mobile. As a service provider, China Mobile should provide users with fees corresponding to its services, and ensure that the services it provides are fair in consideration of the fees it charges. China Mobile has no right to charge fees for services it has not provided, or to charge customers for traffic used by third parties.

Consumers have the right to know. When consumers question the data flow, measurement and pricing methods generated outside the package, China Mobile, as the leading party with technical capabilities, has the obligation to provide evidence, that is, it has the obligation to make a reasonable, popular and non-contradictory explanation on its own initiative.

Mr. Liu, the consumer, provided that the traffic monitoring data of Huawei, the mobile phone terminal, was zero in April, which is enough to prove that the traffic generated outside the package was passively generated. In this case, China Mobile should make use of its technical means and capabilities to monitor and inquire about the subjects of these traffic and claim rights from these subjects.

At present, China Mobile’s rhetoric has not provided evidence or reasons that consumers can identify and deny. China Mobile’s legal evidence is obviously insufficient to prove that the fees it charges consumers are well-founded. In this case, it is suspected of civil fraud, and it is suspected of bullying consumers’ right to know and property by means of technical barriers. Consumers can claim punitive damages such as triple compensation from them according to law.

Russian and Japanese leaders meet in the Far East: territorial issues are difficult to break through.

  On September 2, Russian President Vladimir Putin held talks with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in Vladivostok. (Source: Xinhua/Reuters)

  Xinhuanet Beijing, September 3 rd Russian President Vladimir Putin and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe met in Vladivostok, the Russian Far East city, on the 2 nd. The territorial issue is an important part of the talks between the two sides.

  However, Kremlin spokesman dmitry Peskov said in an interview with the media that the Russian side did not expect a breakthrough in the talks.

  [Difficult to break through]

  Japan and Russia have a serious dispute over the ownership of the four islands in the south of the Kuril Islands, and so far they have failed to conclude a peace treaty. Kuril Islands is located between kamchatka peninsula in Russian Far East and Hokkaido. The four islands of Tooth Dance, Sedan, Guohou and Choishuo in the south of the archipelago are called the South Kuril Islands by Russia and the four northern islands by Japan.

  Since the end of World War II, the four islands have been actually controlled by Russia, but Japan claims sovereignty over them. The dispute over island sovereignty has caused the two countries to fail to conclude a peace treaty after World War II.

  Abe attended the second Russian Eastern Economic Forum held in Vladivostok on the 2nd. Before he left Japan, he told reporters that he would strive to make progress on the territorial issue.

  Abe and Putin met on the sidelines of the forum. Putin said that Russia is willing to carefully consider Abe’s proposal given at the Sochi meeting.

  In May this year, Putin held an informal meeting with Abe in Sochi, a coastal city in southern Russia. Abe proposed a package of economic cooperation plans with Russia, including eight projects in the fields of energy development and industrial revitalization in the Far East. However, the two did not hold a press conference after the meeting, which was interpreted by the outside world as a major disagreement on the key issue of territorial disputes.

  Before meeting with Abe, Putin accepted an interview with Bloomberg. He said that although Russia believes that signing a peace treaty with Japan is a key issue and is very willing to solve this problem with Japan, Russia will not trade territory with Japan.

  Talking about economy

  On the meeting between Russian and Japanese leaders, Kremlin spokesman peskov said: "It is not worth expecting that today’s meeting will lead to a breakthrough."

  "This is a multi-faceted issue, which requires experts’ long-term efforts, and of course requires more preparation," peskov said. Abe’s attendance at the Russian Economic Forum shows that Japan is interested in trade and economic cooperation and has confidence in the regional development potential.

  Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said later on the 2nd that Putin and Abe agreed to continue the dialogue on the territorial issue.

  Japanese Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Shigeng Hongcheng attended the Russian Eastern Economic Forum. He told reporters that he will meet with Russian cabinet ministers to discuss cooperation in specific fields and may reach some agreements.

  On the 1st, the Japanese government created a new post of Minister in charge of economic cooperation with Russia. The Japanese media explained that this move aims to show Japan’s sincerity in economic cooperation with Russia and promote progress in the disputed territorial issues between Japan and Russia.

  The Japan Broadcasting Association quoted government sources as saying on the 2nd that Japan expects Putin to visit Japan on December 15th, which will be Putin’s first visit to Japan since 2005.

  Russia and Japan have been discussing Putin’s visit to Japan since 2013. Putin’s visit to Japan has been put on hold again and again because of the Crimean issue and Japan’s accession to western sanctions against Russia. (Reporter Chen Lixi, editor Li Hong, reported by Xinhua International Client)

Jiyue 07 car purchase guide started at 209,900.

The competition in the automobile market is still very fierce. What Xiaobian brings today is. The strength of the car still needs to be understood before we know, so let’s take a look.

Let’s look at the appearance of Extreme Yue 07 first. The front face of Extreme Yue 07 looks very domineering and sporty. Coupled with the stylish and simple headlights, the design looks very solid. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4953 mm * 1989 mm * 1475 mm. The car uses simple lines, and the car body feels very spirited. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite dynamic. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks very simple, and the taillights look very fashionable and simple, and the sense of neatness is vivid.

In terms of interior, the overall visual effect of Extreme Yue 07 interior is very distinctive, reflecting the sense of design. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, and it is made of imitation leather, which looks a little more youthful and fashionable. From the central control point of view, the car is equipped with a dynamic and lively touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and conforms to the temperament of the car. The dashboard and seats give people a good feeling, too. Let’s take a look. The dashboard design is remarkable, and the trendy design elements make people remember it at a glance. The car uses a genuine leather/imitation leather mixed seat, and the seat is wrapped in place, so the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Extreme Yue 07 matches the gearbox, the acceleration time of 100 kilometers is 3.5s, and the power meets the daily use completely OK.

Extreme Yue 07 is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which can be said to be quite satisfactory.

Such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the cost performance is good. If you like this car, don’t hurry to learn more about it!