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Combine circular economy with consumption upgrading.
27 new measures, consumption is more prosperous

New energy vehicles, smart homes and 5G terminals are becoming new growth points of consumption. A few days ago, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the Implementation Plan for Promoting the Updating and Upgrading of Key Consumer Goods and Smooth Resource Recycling (2019-2020), which proposed 27 measures from four aspects: product supply, updating and upgrading, use environment and recycling, to promote the updating and upgrading of automobiles, household appliances and consumer electronics products and promote the recycling of old products. Experts pointed out that the promulgation of the "Implementation Plan" is of great significance for continuously releasing the potential of domestic demand and promoting higher quality, more sustainable and healthy economic and social development.

New energy vehicles are not limited, and they are not limited to purchase.

"The four core words of consolidation, enhancement, promotion and smoothness are the overall tone of the Implementation Plan." Gao Huiqing, director of the Strategic Planning Division of the Development Research Department of the National Information Center, said, "The Implementation Plan combines circular economy with consumption upgrading, and makes an overall plan for improving product quality, improving consumption levels, and smoothing resource recycling."

Among them, promoting the automobile market "changing cages for birds" is the most concerned part of this round of new policies to promote consumption. Gao Huiqing pointed out that automobile consumption is an important growth point to stimulate consumption, and promoting the upgrading of automobile products is an important task at present.

In view of the high proportion of old products currently in use, the "Implementation Plan" starts from the structural adjustment of vehicles, encourages the accelerated elimination of old products with high emissions and low transportation efficiency through appropriate means, and promotes the popularization and application of new energy, energy-saving and environmental protection products through upgrading, and promotes the "cage change for birds" in the automobile market. Wu Songquan, chief expert of China Automotive Technology Research Center and director of the Political Research Center, said that under the circumstances of profound changes in the external environment and downward pressure on the domestic automobile market, the "Implementation Plan" was issued at the right time, releasing a strong signal to support market consumption, which will be of great significance to the stable development of the automobile market and industrial transformation and upgrading at present and in the future.

In view of the difficulty in getting a license on a car and getting on the road, the "Implementation Plan" clearly stipulates that it is necessary to resolutely break the barriers to the consumption of passenger cars. It is strictly forbidden to introduce new regulations on automobile purchase restriction in various places. Local governments that have implemented automobile purchase restriction should speed up the shift from restricting purchase to guiding use according to the effects of urban traffic congestion, pollution control and traffic demand control. At the same time, it is particularly emphasized that all localities should not impose restrictions or purchase restrictions on new energy vehicles, and those that have been implemented should be cancelled; Encourage local governments to give support to car-free families to purchase the first home new energy vehicle. "New energy vehicles are a new consumption growth point in the automobile market. This new policy is strong and targeted, which will play a powerful role in expanding domestic demand. " Gao Huiqing said.

Change smart home and recycle old household appliances.

According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the penetration rate of refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, range hoods and water heaters in urban households in China has exceeded 70% at present. Among them, refrigerators and washing machines are close to saturation, and air conditioners are developing in the direction of one household with multiple machines. With the increase of per capita disposable income and the improvement of material life, the consumption market of household appliances has shown the characteristics of high penetration rate and large demand for upgrading, and the consumption of household appliances has also begun to upgrade from functional consumption to quality consumption and service consumption.

The "Implementation Plan" encourages consumers to update and eliminate household appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and televisions with high energy consumption and poor safety, and give appropriate support to consumers in purchasing energy-saving and intelligent household appliances where conditions permit; Encourage production enterprises to further benefit consumers.

What about the replaced old household appliances? The "Implementation Plan" encourages the construction of recycling and dismantling systems for products such as color TVs, refrigerators, washing machines and air conditioners, and promotes the recycling of waste household appliances. Xu Dongsheng, vice chairman of China Household Electrical Appliances Association, explained that the waste household appliances can be recycled after standardized dismantling, which is not only conducive to reducing environmental pollution, but also promoting the development of circular economy. Some parts of household appliances also contain rare earth magnetic materials, which have higher recycling value. The "Implementation Plan" proposes to improve the recycling system of waste products, which is conducive to promoting the recycling of waste household appliances, thus making the resource benefits and environmental benefits of household appliances more significant in the whole life cycle.

The "Implementation Plan" also encourages in-depth pilot projects for cross-industry application of smart homes. Xu Dongsheng believes that this will promote the coordinated development of home appliances, security, lighting and other industries related to smart home, thus bringing more and better smart home products to consumers and driving the transformation and upgrading of the whole industry.

Consumption such as 5G terminals will usher in an outbreak.

Expanding consumption depends not only on the upgrading of the stock market, but also on the huge driving force of new supply. The "Implementation Plan" regards updating and upgrading consumer electronic products as one of the important areas to enhance consumption vitality and release the potential of domestic demand, with classified guidance and precise policy.

Yu Xiaohui, chief engineer of China Information and Communication Research Institute, pointed out that 5G commercialization will stimulate the consumption of new intelligent terminal products and become a new important growth point in the consumption field. "2019 is the first year of 5G commercialization. With the characteristics of high speed, large connection and low delay, 5G will become an important pillar for smart terminals to expand new functions and new forms, and stimulate residents to upgrade their consumption of smart terminals." Yu Xiaohui said that it is predicted that global smartphone shipments will rebound in 2019, with a year-on-year increase of about 3%. At the same time, 5G will form an aggregation effect with big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, cloud computing, etc., and promote the Internet of Everything to the era of all things, and trillions of terminal devices such as smart wearable devices, smart home appliances, smart cars and intelligent robots will enter the fast lane of development. The consumer electronics industry represented by 5G terminals, flexible display, ultra-high definition and virtual reality industries will also usher in an explosive period of market growth.

Yu Xiaohui believes that the next step will be to strengthen the network foundation and optimize the supporting environment by promoting gigabit broadband access, strengthening the research and development and industrial application of cutting-edge core technologies such as artificial intelligence, and exploring new formats of "internet plus" resource recovery, which will effectively promote the upgrading of consumer electronics and enhance consumption vitality. (Reporter Kong Dechen)

　　When children suffer from a disease called "attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder" (hereinafter referred to as "ADHD"), many parents are still in the dark. On the surface, children are just active, unable to sit still, and even appear smarter than other children. Isn’t this the "nature" of children in the traditional concept?

　　In medicine, behind hyperactivity is that attention can’t be concentrated normally. Hyperactivity may decrease with the increase of age and self-control, but it is difficult to alleviate the defect of attention, which may affect children’s life in study, work and life.

　　The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province (Guizhou Mental Health Center) opened a special outpatient clinic for children and adolescents with learning difficulties on March 6th this year. Over the past six months, it has received hundreds of cases of "ADHD" among adolescents, and carried out professional intervention treatment under the guidance of the expert team of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Sixth Hospital of Peking University.

　　"ADHD" can’t be equated with mischief.

　　Medical "attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder" is often just hyperactivity or mischief in the cognition of many parents. "There are many sick boys, and children are often smarter and have high IQ." Xiong Jie, deputy director of the Women and Children Psychiatry Department of the Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, said, "Many parents didn’t notice ‘ Move around ’ The attention deficit problem behind it. "

　　Many details in children’s life can be used to judge whether they have attention problems: whether children in kindergarten can concentrate on listening to a story told by their parents; When children draw, will they unconsciously turn their eyes from drawing paper to pen tip? Is it always a drag to finish the exercises … …

　　Other children will provoke their classmates lightly, and may draw a picture on their classmates when sharpening pencils; Can’t stand the constraints of classroom discipline and get along well with teachers and classmates; Parents who often fight are invited … … Qian Ying, deputy director of Peking University Sixth Hospital and Peking University Clinical Psychology Center, explained that "hyperactivity" is a dimension of attention deficit, and there are many subtle manifestations in patients’ study and life.

　　"There is something called dopamine in their brains that is not enough." Qian Ying made an analogy: "There seems to be a battle in the brain. When dopamine secretion is normal, the marshal in the brain can direct everything. When it is time to move, it should be quiet. If the dopamine secretion is less, the marshal may fall asleep and the soldiers will start to move uncontrollably. "

　　An article published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology in 2018 showed that the total prevalence rate of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder among children in China was 5.6%, and subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence rate of boys was 7.7% and that of girls was 3.4%. Qian Ying said that less than 1/3 of the patients were formally treated, and the proportion of patients receiving formal treatment after treatment was even lower.

　　The reason why children fall behind in their grades may be the lack of concentration.

　　The reason why some teenagers really go to the hospital is that there is a problem in their learning status. After analyzing a large number of cases, it is found that the first and third grades of primary school are the peak periods for children to suffer from ADHD.

　　Xiong Jie’s children have just entered the first grade this year, and the teacher will ask Xiong Jie for advice: Why can’t some children in the class concentrate on the lecture anyway? This directly leads to their inability to keep up with their studies. "If six or seven-year-old children can only concentrate for a few minutes, they will definitely not be able to study normally." Xiong Jie said.

　　The study found that some sick children have high IQ, and they can not concentrate on each class for a long time in the first and second grades, but they can also learn some knowledge, and they can barely keep up with the learning progress by being smart. Generally, in the third grade, academic performance will drop significantly. At this time, if you don’t see a doctor again, by the sixth grade and junior high school, your child will face more serious problems. "It is often that academic performance is not good and interpersonal communication is not good. How do children find themselves unloved?" Qian Ying said that children will feel inferior because of this, and with the advent of adolescence, many children have a stiff relationship with their parents.

　　Qian Ying opposes that some parents often say that their children are too rebellious in adolescence. "In fact, the child is wronged in his heart. He can’t control himself, but there is something wrong with dopamine in his brain." Through contact with a large number of patients, Qian Ying found that if children at this time did not feel the warmth of teachers, classmates and relatives, and did not see a doctor in time, they were most likely to get into bad habits, such as indulging in the Internet, smoking, drinking and even committing crimes.

　　Xiong Jie and experts from the Sixth Hospital of Peking University once went to a drug rehabilitation center for investigation, and found that the proportion of drug addicts with ADHD in childhood was very high, and they basically did not receive professional intervention. Many people’s life trajectories are also surprisingly similar: from poor academic performance to behavioral problems, they gradually affect their emotions and appear personality defects, and then they are misled by others to further develop drug addiction … …

　　Professional treatment should be promoted to preschool age.

　　"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder" has the same obvious influence on a person as an adult.

　　Among the cases studied in Peking University Sixth Hospital, lateness and procrastination are the most common problems. Some patients have never been able to go to work on time, and serious "starting difficulties" have made him often criticized by leaders; Some patients are seriously procrastinating and incompetent, and are considered irresponsible by colleagues; Some people have serious emotional problems because of self-blame, and their social status as adults is very low, and they can’t keep up with their peers.

　　Some patients will show "high function". A doctoral student in Peking University, whose research ability is not weak, has been unable to start writing a thesis; A 40-year-old university teacher completed his knowledge accumulation by amazing self-discipline, but he had to make a particularly strict time schedule to complete his work. After becoming a doctoral tutor, he had to rely on drugs to improve his attention to complete his teaching and research tasks.

　　Qian Ying believes that to prevent similar problems in adulthood, it is necessary to intervene from an early age. One of her important research directions is preschool intervention. At present, the internationally accepted cognition is "early judgment, early action and active treatment". Qian Ying explained that this means that it is not necessary to make a diagnosis for preschool children with ADHD, but it is necessary to carry out professional intervention, especially non-drug intervention, as soon as possible.

　　Qian Ying was particularly pleased that after the opening of the adolescent learning disability clinic in the Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province for half a year, she had the first preschool child to see a doctor. Although the final diagnosis showed that the child was not ADHD, Qian Ying believed that this showed that parents in the western region began to sprout their understanding of the disease.

　　Qian Ying explained that people’s brains will be more mature when they reach a certain age, but people’s executive skills will last longer, and some people will continue to develop into adulthood. Some professional methods can be used to promote the development level of children with slow development of executive skills.

　　At present, Peking University Sixth Hospital and Shenzhen Children’s Hospital are jointly trying to intervene on "attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder" before school, and foreign professional researchers are also involved. Qian Ying found that after several months of training, some children made obvious progress. "The exact conclusion may be studied in five years." Qian Ying said.

　　Going to a mental health hospital for treatment is a difficult psychological hurdle to overcome.

　　In order to let more families know about the treatment knowledge of preschool ADHD, Qian Ying wrote a book on how to carry out family group training of executive skills, so that more parents can find problems, pay attention to them and make some active interventions for their children.

　　She believes that it is more important to let parents and children really sit in front of professional doctors, but the current embarrassment is that professional doctors often take their children into these places in mental health research institutions or "mental hospitals" that people often express, which is still difficult for many people.

　　Qian Ying noticed that some private early education institutions have set up children’s concentration training courses, and the fees are ten times or even dozens of times that of public hospitals. Many parents are willing to sign up their children. She believes that on the one hand, it is necessary to see that these institutions are mixed and there are no teaching standards, and the professionalism of teachers may not be qualified for the curriculum requirements; On the other hand, in the future, professional medical institutions can cooperate with educational institutions to integrate professional knowledge into the curriculum of kindergartens and schools, which will be more acceptable to children and parents.

　　WU GANG, director of the Women and Children’s Department of the Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, also said, "I hope that professional outpatient clinics can drive more people to pay attention to the psychological problems of teenagers, and treat them as a cold." WU GANG plans to get a batch of professional diagnosis and treatment equipment for departments, send more medical staff to participate in professional study, and build a platform for cooperation with educational institutions and non-profit organizations in the future, so as to drive away the "sense of shame" under old ideas and let more children with ADHD receive treatment happily.

　　China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Bai Hao Intern Pearl